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THE  JOHNS  HOPKINS  HOSPITAL  REPORTS 
MONOGRAPHS.      NEW  SERIES  No.  IV 


THE  STATISTICAL  EXPERIENCE  DATA 

OF  THE  JOHNS  HOPKINS  HOSPITAL 

BALTIMORE,  MD.,  1892-1911 

bV 
FREDERICK  L.  HOFFMAN,  LL.D.,  F.S.S. 

Statistician,  The  Prudential  Insurance  Company  of  America 


BALTIMORE 

THE  JOHNS  HOPKINS  PRESS 

1913 

[Copyright,  1913,  by  The  Johns  Hopkins  Press.] 


To 

Sir  William  Osier 

in 

Appreciation  of  His  Friendship 

and 

Strong  Faith 

in  the 

Practical  Value 

of  the 

Statistical  Method  in  Medicine 


\H1 


CONTENTS. 

PAGE 

Introduction    1 

Importance  of  Hospital  Statistics 1 

Extent  of  Hospital  Accommodation 2 

Practical  Utility  of  Hospital  Statistics 2 

Need  of  Uniformity 4 

Elements  of  Hospital  Statistics 4 

General  Morbidity  by  Race  and  Sex 5 

Plan  and  Scope  of  Nosography ? 5 

Bellevue  Classification  of  Diseases 6 

The  Problem  of  Morbidity 6 

The  Registration  of  Diseases 7 

Notification  of  Infectious  Diseases 8 

Advantages  of  Publication  of  Hospital  Experience 9 

Analysis  of  Baltimore  Population  and  Mortality  Data 9 

Admission  of  Non-Residents 10 

Statistical  Treatment  of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  Data 11 

Limitations  of  Statistical  Analysis 12 

Historical  Review  12 

Comparative  Admission  Rates  by  Race  and  Sex 12 

Comparative  Admission  Rates  by  Method  of  Treatment 13 

Admission  Rates  of  Male  Patients  by  Causes 14 

Admission  Rates  of  Female  Patients  by  Causes 15 

Comparative  Admission  Rates  by  Race,  Sex  and  Cause 16 

Relative  Admission  Rates  of  White  Female  Patients 17 

Relative  Admission  Rates  of  Colored  Female  Patients 19 

Statistical  Basis  of  Hospital  Efficiency 21 

Comparative  Mortality  Rate,  1902-1911 21 

Comparative  Mortality  Rate  by  Race  and  Sex 22 

Variations  in  Methods  of  Statistical  Treatment  of  Hospital  Data 23 

Variations  in  Death  Rate  According  to  Class  of  Patients  Treated 23 

Comparative  Mortality  Rates  of  White  Patients  by  Sex 23 

Variations  in  Mortality  Rates  according  to  Race  and  Sex 23 

Comparative  Mortality  Rates  of  Colored  Patients  by  Sex 24 

Mortality  Rate  by  Divisional  Periods  of  Life 24 

Comparative  Mortality  by  Age,  Race  and  Sex 25 

Percentage  Distribution  of  Causes  of  Admission,  White  Patients 26 

Percentage  Distribution  of  Causes  of  Admission,  Colored  Patients 27 

Summary  Comparison  of  Admissions  by  Race  and  Sex 28 

Mortality  Rate   by   Groups   of  Causes   and   Selected   Diseases,   White 

Patients 29 


ii  Contents. 

PAGE 

Table  of  Admissions  and  Mortality  by  Selected  Causes,  White  Males 30 

Table  of  Admissions  and  Mortality  by  Selected  Causes,  White  Females. .  30 

Table  of  Admissions  and  Mortality  by  Selected  Causes,  Colored  Patients.  31 

Observations  on  Possible  Errors  in  Disease  Classification 33 

Comparative  Mortality  in  Medical  and  Surgical  Cases 33 

Comparative  Mortality,  Medical  and  Surgical,  in  Appendicitis 33 

Comparative  Mortality,  Medical  and  Surgical,  in  Tumors 35 

Special  Statistics  of  Admission  and  Mortality,  Malignant  Tumors 36 

Comparative  Mortality  in  Medical  and  Surgical  Cases  of  Injuries 37 

Comparative  Mortality  in  Colored  Medical  and  Surgical  Cases 37 

Mortality  Rate  in  Gynecological  and  Obstetrical  Cases 37 

Some  Anomalies  in  Hospital  Experience 38 

Some  Dispensary  Statistics 39 

X-Ray  Department  Statistics 39 

Financial  Statistics 39 

Average  Number  of  Days  of  Treatment 40 

Conclusions   40 

Bibliography    42 

Statistical  Appendix 47 

FACING 

CHARTS.  page 

I.  Hospital  Admission  Rates  by  Race  and  Sex 12 

II.  Morbidity  from  Six  Principal  Causes 26 

III.  Fatality  Rates  by  Conditions  on  Admission 23 

IV.  Fatality  Rates  by  Principal  Causes  on  Admission 30 


THE  STATISTICAL  EXPERIENCE  DATA  OF  THE  JOHNS 
HOPKINS  HOSPITAL,  BALTIMORE,  MD.,  1892-1911. 

By    FREDERICK    L.    HOFFMAN,    LL.  D., 

Statistician,    The   Prudential   Insurance    Company    of    America. 

Introduction. — In  few  departments  of  statistical  research  is  there 
more  urgent  need  of  improvement  and  reform  than  in  the  vast  and 
almost  unexplored  domain  of  hospital  experience.  For  reasons  which 
cannot  be  discussed  on  this  occasion,  the  statistical  data  of  American 
hospitals  have  been  a  subject  of  almost  universal  indifference  and, 
with  few  exceptions,  the  published  data  are  of  small,  if  any,  practical 
utility.  According  to  a  table  published  in  the  Journal  of  the  Ameri- 
can Medical  Association  of  Nov.  9,  1912,  there  were  in  1911,  4,292 
hospitals  and  sanatoria  in  the  United  States,  with  a  bed  accommoda- 
tion of  2G0,643.  In  the  census  report  for  1904,  only  822  hospitals 
were  enumerated,  but  the  wide  disparity  in  numbers  is  probably  the 
result  of  differences  in  classification,  since,  evidently,  the  term  "  hospi- 
tal "  is  one  which  does  not  admit  of  precise  definition.  It  is  of  inter- 
est, however,  to  note  that  the  number  of  patients  in  the  hospitals  re- 
ferred to  on  Jan.  1,  1904,  was  71,427  and  that  the  number  of  patients 
admitted  during  the  year  was  1,064,512,  leaving  the  number  remain- 
ing on  Dec.  31,  1904,  as  71,530.* 

Importance  of  Hospital  Statistics. — The  census  report  contains  no 
information  of  a  medical  character  and  no  distinction  is  made  as  re- 
gards the  class  of  patients  admitted,  or  the  method  of  treatment  and 

*  According  to-  an  editorial  in  "  The  Modern  Hospital,"  Sept.,  1913, 
"  There  are  in  the  United  States  6,665  institutions  of  record  for  the 
care  of  the  sick,  with  a  total  capacity  of  more  than  600,000  beds.  By  a 
modest  estimate,  these  huge  figures  represent  a  money  investment  in 
land,  buildings,  and  equipment  of  not  less  than  $1,500,000,000,  and  an 
annual    outlay    for    maintenance    approaching    $250,000,000. 

"  On  the  human  side,  there  are  more  than  100,000  trustees  of  hospitals, 
and  more  than  65,000  physicians  on  hospital  medical  staffs.  About 
10,000,000  men  and  women  contribute  annually  to  hospital  funds,  and 
approximately  9,000,000  men,  women,  and  children  are  patients  in  the 
hospitals  in  the   course   of  each  year." 


2  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

results.  It  would,  however,  seem  to  require  no  argument  to  sustain 
the  conclusion  that  accurate  and  trustworthy  information  concerning 
so  important  a  subject  as  institutional  treatment  for  disease  or  injury 
should  be  available  in  a  concise  and  practically  useful  form.  As  a 
matter  of  fact,  that  is  not  the  case  for  any  state,  or  even  city,  of  the 
United  States  at  the  present  time,  and,  with  few  exceptions,  the 
hospital  returns,  as  published,  are  therefore  of  very  limited  practical 
value.  At  the  same  time,  it  may  be  said  that  the  necessary  scientific 
classification,  tabulation  and  periodical  publication  of  hospital  statis- 
tics is  neither  a  very  difficult  nor  an  expensive  task,  provided  the  work 
is  done  with  the  degree  of  medical  and  statistical  skill  essential  to  an 
investigation  of  this  kind. 

Extent  of  Hospital  Accommodation. — It  has  properly  been  pointed 
out  by  M.  E.  McCalmont,  E.  N\,  in  a  suggestion  for  a 'Bureau  of 
Hospital  Information,  that  there  are  few  commercial  enterprises  with 
such  an  enormous  investment  of  capital  as  hospitals  and  allied  insti- 
tutions in  the  United  States.  According  to  this  writer,  in  an  article 
in  the  Dietetic  and  Hygienic  Gazette,  the  estimated  investment  repre- 
sents $537,000,000,  and  an  annual  expenditure  of  $107,000,000  for 
maintenance,  enlargement  and  improvements.  As  a  step  towards  in- 
creased efficiency  and  the  protection  of  the  public  health,  a  resolution 
was  adopted  by  the  American  Hospital  Association,  at  its  thirteenth 
convention,  favoring  a  bill  to  be  enacted  by  Congress,  providing  for 
the  establishment  of  a  Division  in  the  United  States  Public  Health 
Service,  with  power  to  collect  and  receive,  and  to  classify  and  main- 
tain, in  such  manner  as  may  be  made  accessible,  all  important  infor- 
mation relating  to  hospitals  throughout  the  United  States,  but  with- 
out specific  reference  to  the  urgent  need  of  a  qualified  statistical 
analysis  of  the  medical  and  surgical  experience  data,  which  may 
safely  be  asserted  to  be  of  vastly  more  public  importance  than  the 
facts  of  financial  administration.  Recalling,  in  this  connection,  an 
address  on  "  The  Relation  of  the  Hospital  to  Medical  Education  and 
Research,"  by  Dr.  Wm.  H.  Welch,  and  published  in  the  Journal  of  the 
American  Medical  Association,  under  date  of  Aug.  17,  1907,  it  may  be 
pointed  out  that  the  truly  enormous  experience  of  American  hospitals 
has  not  been  made  use  of  to  anything  like  the  possible  and  desirable 
extent  that  the  public  importance  of  the  data  demand. 

Practical  Utility  of  Hospital  Statistics. — The  subject  of  hospital 
statistics  and  their  practical  utility  has  been  before  the  public  for 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  3 

many  years.  Certainly  as  early  as  1852,  an  important  discussion 
was  published  on  the  Vital  Statistics  of  the  Eoyal  Free  Hospital,  in  a 
contribution  to  the  London  Journal  of  Medicine.  In  1861  Dr.  John 
Charles  Steele,  Superintendent  of  Guy's  Hospital,  London,  read  an 
admirable  paper  on  "  The  Numerical  Analysis  of  the  Patients  Treated 
in  the  Hospital  for  the  Last  Seven  Years,  1854-1860,"  before  the 
Eoyal  Statistical  Society,  including  a  discussion  of  the  essential  facts 
concerning  32,813  patients,  of  whom  2,978,  or  9.1  per  cent,  had  died. 
The  tabular  analysis  makes  the  proper  and  absolutely  essential  dis- 
tinction of  medical  and  surgical  cases,  with  a  due  consideration  of  the 
elements  of  age  and  sex,  the  classes  of  diseases  treated,  and  the  results. 
According  to  this  analysis,  the  fatality  rate  during  the  years  1854- 
1860  was  14  per  cent  for  medical  cases,  against  only  5.6  per  cent  for 
surgical  cases;  but  a  further  inquiry  disclosed  the  fact  that  in  medical 
cases  the  fatality  rate  had  been  15.8  per  cent  for  males  against  11.8 
per  cent  for  females,  while  in  surgical  cases  the  mortality  rate  had 
been  6  per  cent  for  male  patients  and  4.2  per  cent  for  female  patients. 
The  analysis,  therefore,  even  at  this  early  priod,  conclusively  estab- 
lished the  fallacy  inherent  in  nearly  all  modern  hospital  statistics,  of 
combining  the  sexes  in  the  published  returns,  and  quite  frequently, 
also,  the  medical  and  surgical  cases.  In  brief,  the  whole  problem  of 
hospital  statistics  was  precisely  presented  in  Guy's  Hospital  experience, 
1851-1860,  according  to  which  the  average  fatility  rate  for  all  patients, 
whether  medical  or  surgical,  had  been  9.1  per  cent.  The  fatality  rate 
had  been  as  high  as  15.8  per  cent  for  male  medical  cases  and  as  low 
as  4.2  per  cent  for  female  surgical  cases.  Since  these  differences  are 
disclosed  by  every  qualified  analysis  of  hospital  experience,  it  is 
obvious  that  all  hospital  statistics  which  combine  male  and  female 
patients,  or  medical  and  surgical  cases,  are  more  or  less  seriously  mis- 
leading. It  requires  to  be  pointed  out  also  that  the  disparity  in  the 
fatality  rate  becomes  much  more  pronounced  when  the  various  diseases 
or  surgical  operations  are  separately  considered,  with  a  due  regard  to 
the  sex,  age,  race,  etc.,  of  the  several  classes'  of  patients.  At  the 
present  time,  with  the  notable  exception  of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospi- 
tal, there  are  very  few,  if  any,  hospitals  in  the  United  States  for  which 
the  required  information  is  available,  to  show  precisely  the  results  of 
hospital  treatment,  and  even  for  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  the  in- 
formation is  not  available  in  the  published  reports  as  regards  the  ages 
of  patients,  with  reference  to  sex,  color,  diseases  on  admission,  etc. 


4  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

Need  of  Uniformity. — The  paper  by  Dr.  Steele  was  probably  sug- 
gested by  Florence  Nightingale  in  a  proposal  made  to  the  Fourth 
International  Statistical  Congress,  held  in  London  in  1860.  The 
proposal,  which  was  accepted  by  the  Congress,  included  in  a  precise 
form  a  plan  for  uniform  hospital  statistics,  amplified  by  a  nomencla- 
ture of  diseases,  prepared  by  Dr.  Farr.  The  following  extract  from 
the  discussion  upon  the  plan  is  of  historical,  as  well  as  practical, 
interest : 

In  the  proposition  made  for  a  uniform  scheme  of  hospital  statistics  by- 
Miss  Nightingale,  that  lady  points  out  the  defective  state  in  which  the 
general  condition  of  hospital  statistics  is  at  the  present  time,  the  absence 
of  any  common  nomenclature  or  classification  of  disease,  the  want  of 
uniformity  in  the  manner  of  tabulating  facts,  and,  as  a  consequence,  the 
comparative  inutility  of  the  vast  mass  of  facts  which  have  been  accumulating 
in  the  hospital  books  of  every  country  where  such  establishments  exist.  To 
remedy  this  defect  in  the  future,  she  proposes  the  adoption  in  all  hospital 
records  of  the  nomenclature  of  diseases  agreed  to  at  preceding  meetings 
of  the  International  Statistical  Congress;  and  as  a  nomenclature  without 
some  classification  would  involve  the  use  of  tables  of  unmanageable  dimen- 
sions, she  proposes  that  the  classification  which  is  now  familiarly  known  in 
this  country  through  the  Registrar-General's  Reports,  and  which  has  also 
been  adopted  in  America,  should  be  used  in  hospitals  for  practical  purposes — 
an  arrangement  by  which  the  dimensions  of  the  forms  she  recommends 
have  been  reduced  one-half.  These  forms,  before  being  printed  for  use, 
were  tried  in  several  large  hospitals;  and  a  number  of  interesting  results, 
obtained  by  them  in  connection  with  the  comparative  frequency  and  mor- 
tality of  diseases  at  different  ages  and  in  different  sexes,  are  given  by  Miss 
Nightingale.  Several  improvements  also  suggested  themselves  in  the  course 
of  this  experience,  the  results  of  which  were  embodied  in  those  tables,  which 
were  laid  before  the  Section,  and  have  been  adopted  by  it. 

Elements  of  Hospital  Statistics.— On  April  16,  1867,  Dr.  Wm.  A. 
Guy  read  a  paper  before  the  Eoyal  Statistical  Society  on  "  The  Mor- 
tality of  London  Hospitals,"  which  remains  to  this  day  the  classical 
illustration  of  statistical  analysis  of  hospital  experience  data,  with 
a  due  regard  to  all  the  essential  factors  more  or  less  determining  the 
rate  of  recovery  and  mortality  in  hospital  experience  throughout  the 
world.  The  facts  discussed  by  Dr.  Guy  were  for  the  thirteen  principal 
hospitals  of  the  metropolis  and  for  the  period  1861-1865.  The  fatality 
rate  for  the  combined  experience  was  9.7  per  cent,  but  for  medical 
cases  the  rate  was  14.5  per  cent  and  for  surgical  cases  6.5  per  cent. 
The  fatality  rate  was  highest  for  male  medical  cases,  or  17.4  per  cent, 
and  lowest  for  female  surgical  cases,  or  6.1  per  cent.    Considering  only 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  5 

patients  in  "  special  wards,"  representing  probably  what  are  now  known 
as  "  private  patients,"  the  fatality  rate  among  this  class  was  only  1.5  per 
cent.  The  analysis  included  also  a  study  of  the  mean  length  of  stay, 
or  duration  of  institutional  treatment,  which  was  found  to  be  twenty- 
eight  days  for  medical  cases,  thirty-two  days  for  surgical  cases,  and 
thirty  days  for  all  cases. 

A  full  discussion  of  this  admirable  paper  is  out  of  the  question  on 
this  occasion,  but  it  has  seemed  to  me  a  fitting  introduction  to  the 
present-day  problem  in  the  United  States,  of  how  the  status  of  hospital 
statistics  may  be  materially  improved  by  an  intelligent  consideration 
of  the  essential  facts  which  require  to  be  taken  into  account. 

General  Morbidity  by  Race  and  Sex. — In  American  morbidity  expe- 
rience data,  the  elements  of  race  and  nativity  require  to  be  taken  into 
account,  in  addition  to  the  factors  of  sex,  age,  condition  on  admission, 
and  mode  of  treatment.  Particularly  is  this  true  for  all  our  southern 
cities,  where  the  negro  population  may  be  anywhere  from  one-tenth 
to  two-thirds  of  the  total  population.  For  northern  cities  the  race 
factor  is  frequently  of  less  importance  than  the  nativity  of  the 
patients,  and  in  such  cases  at  least  a  broad  division  should  be  made 
between  the  native  and  the  foreign-born,  with  a  possible  subdivision 
for  the  leading  nativities,  typical  of  the  community.  It  is  most 
fortunate  that  in  the  published  statistics  of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hos- 
pital the  division  by  race  has  been  maintained  throughout,  for  with- 
out this  distinction  the  statistical  results  would  be  of  small  value. 

Plan  and  Scope  of  NosograpJiy. — Aside  from  the  required  classifi- 
cation according  to  sex,  age,  race,  and  condition  on  admission,  and 
whether  medical  or  surgical,  the  proper  nomenclature  of  diseases  on 
admission  is  of  considerable  practical  importance.  Numerous  attempts 
have  been  made  for  many  years  to  provide  a  thoroughly  satisfactory 
nomenclature  of  diseases,  but  none  of  the  plans  or  systems  of  modern 
nosology  can  be  considered  entirely  successful.  The  terminology,  itself, 
is  rather  confusing,  for  while  the  term  "  nosography  "  stands  for  "  a 
descriptive  treatise  on  the  character  and  nature  of  diseases,"  the  term 
"  nosology "  stands  for  "  the  scientific  classification  of  diseases," 
which,  apparently,  is  the  equivalent  of  "  nosonomy,"  which,  according 
to  Gould,  means  "  the  nomenclature  of  diseases."  "  Nosonomy  "  also 
means  "  the  study  or  science  of  the  laws  of  disease,"  whereas 
"  nosotaxy  "  is  another  term,  according  to  Gould,  for  "  the  classifica- 
tion of  diseases."    The  term  "  nosology  "  was  adopted  in  the  treatise 


6  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

by  William  Cullen,  published  in  Philadelphia  in  1816,*  and,  being 
derived  from  the  early  Latin,  this  term  would  seem  to  be  best  descrip- 
tive of  the  systematic  arrangement  of  diseases  into  classes,  orders, 
genera  and  species,  amplified  by  accurate  definitions  and  required 
explanations. 

Bellevue  Classification  of  Diseases. — It  would  carry  me  too  far  to 
discuss  in  detail  the  problem  of  disease  nomenclature  and  classifica- 
tion. The  classical  discourse  on  the  subject  is  an  address  by  Dr.  John 
W.  S.  Gouley,  delivered  before  the  New  York  State  Medical  Associa- 
tion on  Sept.  28,  1887.  Dr.  Gouley  favored  the  anatomical  basis  for 
a  scientific  classification  of  diseases.  He  defined  the  scope  of 
nosography  as  including,  first,  the  description;  second,  the  definition; 
third,  the  nomenclature;  and  fourth,  the  classification,  of  diseases. 
To  the  nomenclature  of  diseases  he  gives  the  term  "  nosonomy,"  and  to 
the  classification  of  diseases  the  term  "nosotaxy."  It  would  be  of 
value  to  have  these  terms  better  defined  than  is  at  present  the  case. 
As  regards  nomenclature  and  classification,  I  have  accepted  the 
Bellevue  Hospital  method,  published  in  1903,  as  most  likely  to  be  in 
conformity  with  present-day  medical  and  surgical  opinion.  The  classi- 
fication can  also  be  coordinated  with  the  international  classification  of 
causes  of  death,  as  adopted  by  the  census  office,  and  by  practically  all 
boards  of  health  throughout  the  country7.  Since  this  nomenclature  and 
classification  are  in  permanent  use  by  one  of  the  largest  hospitals  in 
the  country,!  it  would  seem  best  that  other  hospitals  should  conform, 
as  near  as  practicable,  to  the  Bellevue  classification,  so  as  to  make  the 
returns  for  the  different  institutions  comparable.  In  any  event,  the 
Bellevue  classification  is  a  material  improvement  over  the  classifica- 
tion used  in  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  statistics,  and  important 
technical  difficulties  in  statistical  treatment  will  be  successfully  over- 
come by  its  complete  adoption  by  the  hospitals  of  the  United  States  and 
Canada. 

The  Problem  of  Morbidity. — The  problem  of  general  morbidity  (as 
differentiated  from  institutional  morbidity),  considered  from  a  medi- 
cal as  well  as  from  an  economic  point  of  view,  presents  more  serious 
scientific  difficulties  than  the  problem  of  mortality.  The  term  "  sick- 
ness "  seems  to  defy  precise  definition,  but  what  is  called  sickness 

*  An  earlier  copy  of  this  work  was  published  in  Philadelphia  in  1793. 
t  The  classification  has  since  been  adopted  by  many  others. 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  7 

occurs  more  or  less  throughout  life  and  the  ultimate  cause  of  death 
may  not  have  a  definite  relation  to  any  of  the  various  illnesses  that 
have  preceded  it.  In  a  general  way,  it  may  be  said  that  the  rate  of 
sickness  increases  with  age  in  adult  life,  and  while  there  is  about  one 
week's  sickness  per  annum  at  ages  20  to  25,  there  is  about  four  weeks' 
sickness  a  year  at  ages  55  to  59.  The  term  "  sickness,"  as  here  used, 
includes  accidents.  According  to  German  experience,  the  proportion 
of  cases  of  sickness  among  wage-earners  is  about  37.3  per  cent  per 
annum,  and  the  average  number  of  days  of  sickness  is  20.1  per  case.* 
Considered  from  this  point  of  view,  sickness  is  evidently  an  economic 
problem  of  great  practical  importance,  and  a  reduction  in  the  rate  of 
sickness  is  at  least  of  equal  significance  to  a  reduction  in  the 
death  rate.  It  has  been  estimated  that  to  every  death  there  is 
about  two  years'  sickness,  but  this  is  partly  conjectural.  There  are 
no  facts  which  warrant  a  precise  conclusion  as  to  what  the  average 
amount  of  sickness  in  the  United  States  is  at  the  present  time,  nor 
as  to  the  distribution  of  morbidity  by  principal  causes,  such  as  is  partly 
disclosed  by  an  analysis  of  hospital  experience.f 

The  Registration  of  Diseases. — The  first  effort  to  bring  about  the 
registration  of  diseases  appears  to  have  occurred  in  1855,  when, 
at  a  meeting  of  the  American  Medical  Association,  held  in  Phila- 
delphia, Dr.  J.  G-.  Orton,  of  Binghamton,  1ST.  Y.,  introduced  a  reso- 
lution providing  that  "  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  each  member  of  this 
Society  to  keep  a  faithful  record  of  the  diseases  which  may  fall  under 
his  observation  during  each  month,  according  to  the  classification 
adopted  by  this  Convention,  in  May,  1847,  stating  the  age  and  sex, 
occupation  and  nativity  of  the  patient,  the  average  duration  of  the 
disease,  and,  finally,  recovery  or  death,  and  to  report  the  same,  in 
writing,  to  the  Secretary,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  February  of 
each  year,  who  shall  transmit  a  digest  thereof  to  the  State  Medical 
Society  and,  also,  to  the  appropriate  committee  appointed  by  the 
American  Medical  Association  for  its  reception." 

The  subject  again  came  up  for  discussion  as  the  result  of  an  ad- 
dress before  the  American  Medical  Association,  by  Prof.  A.  B.  Palmer, 

*  See  article  on  "  The  German  System  of  Compulsory  Sickness  Insur- 
ance," The  Spectator,  New  York,  Nov.  21,  1912. 

f  "  Memorial  to  the  President  of  the  United  States  on  the  Appointment 
of  a  National  Commission  to  Study  the  Subject  of  Occupational  Diseases," 
published  by  The  American  Association  for  Labor  Legislation,  Jan.,  1911. 


8  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

of  Michigan  University,  at  a  meeting  held  in  Detroit,  in  1856.  In 
1858,  Dr.  Thomas  E.  Brinsmade,  of  Troy,  submitted  an  elaborate  re- 
port on  his  own  experience,  1837-1857,  inclusive,  exhibiting  in  detail 
the  causes,  and  the  mortality  from  the  several  causes,  classified  accord- 
ing to  accepted  standards,  with  fatality  rates  worked  out  for  each 
group  of  diseases  and  amplified  by  returns  in  detail  by  ages,  months, 
etc.  The  discussion  reveals  many  interesting  facts,  and,  if  continued 
to  the  present  time,  would  disclose  with  accuracy  the  profound  changes 
which  have  taken  place  in  the  morbidity  and  mortality  of  the  city  of 
Troy  during  the  long  intervening  period.  The  total  number  of  cases 
of  sickness  reported  by  the  doctor  during  the  period  1837-1847  was 
8,195,  the  number  of  deaths  was  344,  and  the  resulting  fatality  rate 
was  4.2  per  cent. 

In  1859,  Dr.  William  C.  Rogers,  of  Green  Island,  Albany  Co., 
N.  Y.,  contributed  an  interesting  address  on  the  registration  of 
diseases  to  the  transactions  of  the  New  York  State  Medical  Society, 
which  included  a  brief  review  of  previous  efforts  in  this  direction  in 
England,  with  references  to  remarks  on  the  subject  in  the  British  Med- 
ical Almanac  for  1837  and  the  British  and  Foreign  Medical  and  Chirur- 
gical  Beview  for  the  same  year. 

A  suggestive  fact  brought  out  by  these  extracts  is  the  recognition 
of  the  value  of  hospital  returns,  properly  classified,  it  being  stated  in 
part  that  "  It  is  clear  that  the  time  is  arriving  when  the  medical 
officers  of  hospitals  will  find  their  best  interests  in  rendering  the  facts 
which  occur  in  these  institutions  as  extensively  useful  as  possible  to 
the  profession.  System  will  enable  them  to  offer  these  facts  in  the 
best  form  at  the  least  trouble."  (British  and  Foreign  Medical  and 
Chirurgical  Review,  1837,  p.  265.) 

Notification  of  Infectious  Diseases. — In  1876,  Dr.  F.  W.  Draper 
contributed  an  important  paper  on  the  registration  of  prevalent  dis- 
eases, published  in  the  annual  report  of  the  Massachusetts  State  Board 
of  Health.  Practically  coincident  with  Dr.  Draper's  appeal,  a  more 
successful  effort  was  made  in  the  state  of  Michigan  for  the  registration 
of  infectious  and  other  diseases,  morbidity  statistics  having  been  col- 
lected by  Michigan  since  that  date.  Of  course,  the  registration  of 
prevalent  infectious  diseases  is  but  a  first  step  toward  the  required 
universal  notification  of  all  important  diseases,  which  it  would  seem 
can  only  be  brought  about  by  the  cooperation  of  medical  practitioners 
on  the  basis  of  the  method  suggested  as  early  as  1855  by  Dr.  Orton,  of 
Bin^hamton,  New  York. 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  9 

Advantages  of  Publication  of  Hospital  Experience. — Although  the 
registration  of  deaths  in  the  United  States  is  now  inclusive  of  about 
63%  of  the  total  population,  the  registration  of  infectious  diseases  is 
still  in  a  rather  backward  state.  Until  notification  and  registration 
become  more  general  and  comprehensive,  the  chief  reliance  for  a 
study  of  American  morbidity  must  be  the  statistics  of  institutions  and 
of  life  and  health  insurance  companies.  The  study  of  the  subject  would 
be  immensely  facilitated  by  the  publication  of  hospital  experience  data 
on  a  uniform  basis,  with  a  due  regard  to  the  elements  of  the  problem, 
as  previously  discussed.  The  present  waste  of  these  disease  records  is 
lamentable  from  every  point  of  view,  and  the  time  may  come  when 
the  collective  experience  of  practising  physicians  will  be  required  to 
establish  the  true  incidence  of  sickness  as  it  prevails  throughout  the 
country  and  as  it  is  conditioned  by  local  circumstances.  But  a  con- 
solidated report  of  hospital  experience,  for  even  a  single  city  such  as 
Baltimore,  would  be  a  genuine  contribution  to  medical  knowledge.  If 
it  is  argued  that  such  an  effort  would  involve  a  considerable  expendi- 
ture, it  may  be  said  that,  in  all  probability,  the  cost  would  not  be  such 
a  serious  matter  as  is  generally  assumed,  and  that,  in  any  event, 
hospital  efficiency  would  be  greatly  increased  and  public  apprecia- 
tion of  hospital  treatment  would  be  materially  enhanced  by  a  precise 
and  conclusive  statement  of  facts  which  are  at  present  unobtainable. 

Analysis  of  Population  and  Mortality  Data. — In  connection  with  a 
study  of  hospital  experience  data,  it  is  necessary  to  take  into  account 
the  factors  of  population,  which  vary  sufficiently,  in  American  cities, 
to  affect  the  local  hospital  results.  Having  reference  to  the  city  of 
Baltimore,  it  appears  that,  according  to  the  census  of  1910,  the  total 
population  of  the  city  was  returned  as  558,485,  of  which  41.0  per 
cent  were  white  males,  43.8  per  cent  white  females,  7.0  per  cent 
colored  males  and  8.2  per  cent  colored  females.  It  is  hardly  necessary 
to  point  out  that  this  population  distribution  of  Baltimore  is  in 
marked  contrast  to  the  distribution  of  the  population  of  a  city  like 
New  York  or  Boston,  where  the  proportion  of  negroes  is  materially 
less.  The  same  conclusion  holds  true  as  regards  the  local  death  rate, 
and  it  may  be  stated  in  this  connection  that  for  the  decade  ending 
with  1911  the  mortality  of  the  white  population  of  Baltimore  was 
17.8  per  1000,  while  for  the  colored  population  the  death  rate  was 
31.8,  or  14.0  per  1000  in  excess.  The  comparative  death  rates  for 
tuberculosis  were  17.0  per  10,000  for  the  white  population,  against 


10  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

51.8  for  the  colored;  for  typhoid  fever  the  death  rate  was  3.2  for 
the  white  population,  against  4.3  for  the  colored ;  for  cancer  the  death 
rate  was  8.3  for  the  white  population,  against  6.5  for  the  colored; 
and  for  pneumonia  the  death  rate  was  14.9  for  the  white  population, 
against  43.5  for  the  colored.  These  comparative  rates  indicate  the 
material  differences  in  the  mortality  of  the  white  and  colored 
population  of  Baltimore,  and  emphasize  the  necessity  of  differen- 
tiating, in  hospital  statistics,  at  least  the  factor  of  race  and  possi- 
bly the  factor  of  nativity.  The  mortality  rate,  however,  varies  also 
according  to  sex;  and  this  factor,  perhaps  more  than  any  other,  re- 
quires to  be  taken  into  account  in  hospital  statistics,  but,  unfortu- 
natety,  it  is  also  one  of  the  most  neglected.  According  to  the  official 
statistics  of  Baltimore,  the  death  rate  from  tuberculosis  was  20.2  per 
10,000  for  the  white  male  population,  against  14.0  for  white  females; 
and  60.2  per  10,000  for  the  colored  male  population,  against  44.6 
for  colored  females.  As  regards  cancer,  the  respective  death  rates  were 
6.4  per  10,000  for  white  males,  against  10.1  for  white  females;  and 
3.7  per  10,000  for  colored  males,  against  8.9  for  colored  females. 

Admission  of  Non-Residents. — The  experience  of  every  hospital  is 
more  or  less  modified  by  the  admission  of  non-resident  patients.  The 
statistics  of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  do  not  separate  the  resident 
from  the  non-resident  patients,  nor  would  this  seem  absolutely  neces- 
sary for  the  general  purposes  of  hospital  reports.  In  an  effort,  however, 
to  ascertain  the  relative  admission  rate,  the  results  are  likely  to  be 
materially  impaired  by  the  admission  of  non-residents,  who,  of  course, 
cannot  be  accurately  correlated  to  the  local  population.  There  are  also  no 
data  on  the  subject  of  hospital  admissions  by  local  residence,  but,  in  the 
official  returns,  the  deaths  in  Baltimore  institutions  are  classified 
according  to  residents  and  non-residents,  and  the  following  state- 
ment is  of  considerable  value.  It  appears  that  during  the  decade 
ending  with  1910  the  institutional  mortality  of  Baltimore  was  16.7 
per  10,000  for  the  resident  white  population  and  32.6  for  the  resident 
colored.  The  proportion  of  deaths  of  non-residents  was  7.0  per 
10,000  for  the  white  population  and  8.3  for  the  colored.  The  institu- 
tional mortality  of  patients  who  were  residents  of  the  city  of  Balti- 
more was,  therefore,  almost  exactly  twice  as  high  for  the  colored  as 
for  the  whites.  Of  the  total  institutional  mortality  of  the  whites 
70.5  per  cent  were  residents  of  Baltimore,  and  of  the  colored,  79.7 
per  cent.     Since  non-resident  patients  usually  represent  the  more 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  11 

serious  cases,  which  are  likely  to  be  reflected  in  the  hospital  mortality, 
it  is  obvious  that  the  proportion  of  non-resident  patients  should  be 
stated  in  the  general  hospital  returns,  so  that  clue  allowance  may  be 
made  for  this  fact  in  the  subsequent  interpretation  of  the  data.* 

Statistical  Treatment  of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  Data. — As 
has  been  pointed  out  in  the  introductory  discussion,  the  statistical  treat- 
ment of  hospital  data  is  more  difficult  than  is  generally  assumed,  and 
particularly  is  this  the  case  when  the  returns  for  single  years  are  com- 
bined into  a  period  of  years.  Xaturally,  at  the  beginning  of  each  new 
year  there  are  a  number  of  patients  carried  forward  from  the  previous 
year.  This  remnant,  together  with  the  number  admitted  during  the 
current  year,  constitutes  the  "  total  number  treated."  In  the  case  of 
a  single  year  that  would  properly  constitute  the  statistical  basis  for 
the  calculation  of  recovery  or  mortality  rates.  When,  however,  these 
returns  are  combined,  it  is  obvious  that  there  would  be  duplications, 
in  that  the  number  remaining  at  the  beginning  of  the  year  would  be 
counted  over  and  over  again.  Therefore,  in  calculating  the  admis- 
sion and  mortality  rates  for  the  decade,  and  with  special  reference  to 
particular  diseases  or  surgical  operations,  the  proper  statistical  basis 
would  appear  to  be  the  "number  admitted"  during  each  year,  plus 
the  number  of  patients  remaining  on  hand  at  the  beginning  of  the 
first  year  of  the  decade.  This  explanation  seems  necessary,  since 
otherwise  certain  unavoidable  differences  in  mortality  rates  may 
appear  to  be  clerical  errors  or  fallacies  of  statistical  treatment.  If 
the  number  remaining  at  the  beginning  of  each  year  were  excluded 
from  the  calculation  of  the  rates  for  single  years,  and  if  such  rates 
were  calculated  only  from  the  number  admitted  during  the  year,  it  is 
self-evident  that  the  rates  would  be  too  high.  In  any  event,  however, 
regardless  of  the  methods  adopted,  the  differences  in  the  aggregate 
rates  are  not  as  a  rule  of  material  importance. 

*  The  details  of  the  Baltimore  hospital  mortality  rate,  as  derived  from 
official  returns,  are  as  follows: 

Deaths  in   Hospitals  by  Residence,  Baltimore,   Md.,   1901-1910. 

Aggregate  Number  of  rjerH?000of 

Population.  deaths.  ^SK 

Resident  whites 4,535,105  7,565  16.7 

Non-resident  whites 3,161  7.0 

Resident  colored   826,851  2,691  32.6 

Non-resident  colored 686  8.3 


12  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

Limitations  of  Statistical  Analysis. — The  present  general  discussion 
of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  data  is  limited  to  the  20-year  period 
ending  with  January  31, 1912.  Throughout,  the  distinction  of  race  and 
sex  is  maintained  in  the  returns,  but  the  medical  and  surgical  data  in 
detail  are  considered  only  for  the  last  decade,  as  a  whole,  since  a  treat- 
ment by  single  years  would  have  unduly  enlarged  the  present  discussion, 
while  probably  adding  little  of  material  value  to  the  results.  The 
total  number  of  male  patients  treated  during  the  20-year  period  was 
41,026,  and  the  total  number  of  female  patients  was  41,399.  In  the 
first  decade  the  males  outnumbered  the  females,  whereas  in  the  last 
decade  there  was  a  slight  excess  of  women  patients.  The  number 
of  male  patients  during  the  last  decade  exceeded  by  25.3  per  cent 
the  number  treated  during  the  previous  decade,  whereas  the  num- 
ber of  female  patients  during  the  last  decade  increased  by  39.8  per 
cent  over  the  number  of  patients  treated  during  the  previous  ten 
years.  The  tendency  has,  therefore,  been  towards  a  larger  increase 
in  the  number  and  proportion  of  female  patients  during  more  recent 
years  of  hospital  experience.  The  information  in  detail  by  single 
years  is  given  in  Table  1  of  the  Statistical  Appendix. 

Historical  Review. — For  a  full  understanding  of  the  returns  by 
single  years,  a  brief  historical  account  of  the  hospital  during  the  last 
two  decades  would  have  been  of  value.  It  would  carry  me,  however, 
entirely  too  far  to  enlarge  upon  this  discussion  at  the  present  time. 
I  have  carefully  read  all  of  the  reports,  and,  as  a  general  conclusion, 
it  may  be  stated  that  the  financial  difficulties  through  which  the 
hospital  has  passed  at  different  times  are  naturally  reflected  in  the 
hospital  accommodation  and  the  number  of  patients  treated. 

Comparative  Admission  Bates  by  Race  and  Sex. — The  average 
admission  rate  to  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  during  the  decade 
ending  with  1911  was  81.8  per  10,000  of  population  of  the  city  of 
Baltimore,  carefully  estimated  on  the  revised  results  of  the  census, 
and  for  intercensal  years.*  In  proportion  to  the  white  male  popula- 
tion, the  admission  rate  was  79.9  and  to  the  white  female  population, 
70.4.  In  proportion  to  the  colored  male  population,  the  admission 
rate  was  99.9,  and  to  the  colored  female  population,  135.4.    How  far 

*  Upon  the  basis  of  such  information  as  I  have  been  able  to  secure,  the 
total  number  of  patients  treated  in  the  large  hospitals  of  Baltimore  during 
1911  was  about  20,000,  which  would  be  equivalent  to  an  institutional  ad- 
mission rate  (exclusive  of  dispensary  cases)  of  355  per  10,000  of  population. 


Morbidity  Experience   01 

Baltimore,    f 


Hospital  Admission  I 

Admissions  per  tO 


Mates 
5S.0 

44.9 


Wl 


Mates 
SZ8 

47.t 


Medicat  Cases 
Surgicat  Cases 
Gynecotogieat  Cases 
Obstetric&t  Cases 

Medicat  Cases 
Snrg/cat  Cases 
Gt/necofogicat  Cases 
Otfstetricai  Cases 


tVtrite  Patients        Mates  799 

Femates  70.4 

Co/ored Patients     Mates  99.9 

remotes  t35.4 


Col 


White  at 


Johns  Hopkins  Hospital 

.     1902  — 1911 


teg  bti  Race  and  Sex 

>   Population 


fem&/es 
/6.6 


wm  2/.s 

I  22.4 

$2.9 

38.2 

Colored 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  13 

these  admissions  are  affected  by  other  hospitals  in  Baltimore  cannot 
be  stated,  since  the  information  is  not  available  as  regards  the  total 
number  of  white  and  colored  patients  according  to  sex.-  It  is  evident, 
however,  that  in  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  there  is  a  tendency 
to  admit  colored  females  in  larger  proportion  than  either  colored 
males  or  white  males  or  females,  for  it  is  shown  that  the  admission 
rate  for  this  group  of  patients  was  nearly  twice  the  rate  for  white 
women.    The  facts  in  detail  are  given  in  the  table  below : 

Comparative  Admission  Rates, 

Population.* 

White  males   2,218,165 

White  females 2,365,045 

Colored  males 376,568 

Colored  females 451,700 


1902-1911. 

.dmissions. 

Rate 
per  10,000  of 
population. 

17,730 

79.9 

16,657 

70.4 

3,762 

99.9 

6,114 

135.4 

5,411,478  44.263  81.8 

*  For  the  ten  years  ending  with  1911. 

Comparative  Admission  Rates  by  Method  of  Treatment. — Differ- 
entiating the  admission  rates  according  to  the  four  classes  of  cases 
admitted — that  is,  for  males,  whether  medical  or  surgical,  and  for 
females,  whether  medical,  surgical,  obstetrical  or  gynecological — 
the  following  comparison  is  of  considerable  interest:  The  admission 
rate  for  white  medical  cases  was  35.0  per  10,000  for  males,  but  only 
16.6  for  females.  The  admission  rate  for  white  surgical  cases  was 
44.9  for  males,  but  only  16.2  for  females.  But,  in  addition,  there 
was  a  white  female  admission  rate  of  27.2  for  gynecological  cases  and 
of  10.5  for  obstetrical  cases.  Combining  medical,  surgical,  and  other 
admissions,  it  appears  that  the  total  admission  rate  was  79.9  per 
10,000  for  white  males,  against  70.4  for  white  females. 

Among  the  colored  patients  the  admission  rate  for  medical  cases 
was  52.8  per  10,000  for  males,  against  21.8  for  females.  The  admis- 
sion rate  for  surgical  cases  was  47.1  for  males,  against  22.4  for 
females.  In  addition  thereto,  the  admission  rate  for  gynecological 
cases  was  52.9,  and  for  obstetrical  cases  38.2.  Combining  the  admis- 
sions for  medical,  surgical,  and  other  causes,  the  total  admission  rate 
was  99.9  per  10,000  for  colored  males,  against  135.4  for  colored 
females. 


14 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Combining  the  sexes,  the  total  admission  rate  was  75  per  10,000 
for  the  white  population,  against  119  for  the  colored. 
The  facts  in  detail  are  given  in  the  table  below : 

Admissions  to  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital,  1902-1911. 


White. 


Colored. 


Females. 


Males. 


Females. 


Class  of  eases. 


Admis- 
sions. 


Medical 7,770 

Surgical    9,960 

Gynecological 

Obstetrical 


Rate 
per 

10,000. 

35.0 
44.9 


Admis- 
sions. 

3,925 
3,821 
6,426 
2,485 


Rate 
per 

10,000. 

16.6 
16.2 
27.2 
10.5 


Admis- 
sions. 

1,988 
1,774 


Rate 

per 

10,000. 

52.8 
47.1 


Admis- 
sions. 

986 
1,013 

2,388 
1,727 


Rate 
per 

10,001. 

21.8 
22.4 
52.9 

38.2 


Total    17,730       79.9       16,657     *70.4       3,762       99.9       6,114  *135.4 

Admission  Rates  of  Male  Patients  by  Causes. — For  the  purpose  of 
emphasizing  more  precisely  the  observed  differences  in  the  admission 
rates  of  white  and  colored  patients,  with  distinction  of  sex,  the  fol- 
lowing facts  are  presented,  with  the  required  brevity. 

Considering  first  the  male  patients,  it  appears  that  for  infectious 
diseases  the  white  admission  rate  was  12.8  per  10,000,  against  a  colored 
rate  of  26.5.  For  digestive  diseases,  the  white  admission  rate  was  11.5, 
against  a  colored  rate  of  10.3.  For  diseases  of  the  nervous  system, 
the  white  rate  was  6.8  per  10,000,  against  a  colored  rate  of  3.0.  For 
tumors,  the  white  rate  was  6.7  per  10,000,  against  a  colored  rate  of 
4.5.  For  injuries,  the  white  rate  was  6.5,  against  a  colored  rate  of 
8.3.  For  diseases  of  the  circulatory  system,  the  white  rate  was  5.3, 
against  a  colored  rate  of  15.4.  For  diseases  of  the  reproductive  organs, 
the  white  rate  was  5.0,  against  a  colored  rate  of  2.2.  For  all  other 
causes,  the  white  rate  was  25.3  per  10,000,  against  a  colored  rate  of 
29.7. 

The  most  important  differences  in  the  male  admission  rates  are  found 
in  the  excess  of  admissions  of  colored  males  on  account  of  infectious 


*  Throughout  the  aggregate  rates  are  the  result  of  original  calculations 
by  division  and  do  not  represent  the  addition  of  the  individual  rates.  In 
the  present  case  the  correct  aggregate  rates  to  the  second  decimal  are 
70.4  for  white  females  and  135.4  for  colored  females,  whereas  the  rates 
by  simple  addition  would  be  70.5  and  135.3,  respectively. 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  15 

diseases,  injuries  and  circulatory  diseases.  An  excess  in  the  admis- 
sion rate  of  white  male  patients  over  the  colored  is  observed  in  the  case 
of  diseases  of  the  digestive  system,  nervous  system,  tumors,  and  diseases 
of  the  reproductive  organs. 

In  the  case  of  certain  special,  or  particular,  diseases  the  following 
differences  are  suggestive : 

For  appendicitis,  the  white  male  admission  rate  was  3.8,  against 
2.3  for  the  colored.  For  syphilis,  the  white  rate  was  1.2,  against  2.7 
for  the  colored.  For  tuberculosis  of  the  lungs,  the  white  rate  was  1.1, 
against  2.6  for  the  colored.  For  other  forms  of  tuberculosis,  the 
white  rate  was  "2.3,  against  9.0  for  the  colored.  For  typhoid  fever, 
the  white  rate  was  3.1,  against  a  colored  rate  of  6.1.  For  lung  diseases, 
the  white  rate  was  1.5,  against  a  colored  rate  of  7.3.  For  kidney 
diseases,  the  white  rate  was  2.6,  against  a  colored  rate  of  3.0.  With 
the  exception,  therefore,  of  appendicitis,  the  admission  rate  for  all  of 
the  special,  or  particular,  diseases,  separately  considered,  was  excess- 
ive for  colored  males,  and  particularly  so  in  the  case  of  other  forms 
of  tuberculosis,  typhoid  fever  and  non-tubercular  diseases  of  the  lungs.* 

Admission  Bates  of  Female  Patients  by  Causes. — For  female 
patients,  the  differences  in  the  admission  rates  were  as  follows : 

For  infectious  diseases,  the  white  female  admission  rate  was  5.3 
per  10,000  of  female  population,  against  13.2  for  the  colored.  For 
digestive  diseases,  the  white  female  admission  rate  was  7.2,  against  a 
colored  rate  of  9.8.  For  diseases  of  the  nervous  system,  the  white 
female  admission  rate  was  5.1,  against  a  colored  rate  of  2.1.  For 
tumors,  including  cancers  of  all  forms,  the  white  female  admission 
rate  was  7.3,  against  a  colored  rate  of  16.6.  For  injuries,  the  white 
rate  was  1.5,  against  a  colored  rate  of  2.1.  For  diseases  of  the  circu- 
latory system,  the  white  rate  was  1.3,  against  a  colored  rate  of  3.7. 
For  diseases  of  the  reproductive  organs,  the  white  rate  was  14.7,  against 
a  colored  rate  of  28.4.    For  obstetrical  cases,  thewhite  rate  was  12.6, 

*  The  practice  of  the  hospital  with  reference  to  the  admission  of  tuber- 
culosis patients  is  explained  in  the  following  official  statement: 

"  We  have  no  definite  rule  about  the  admission  of  tuberculosis  patients. 
We  do  not  generally  admit  open  tuberculosis  cases  into  our  public  wards, 
but  have  been  obliged,  from  time  to  time,  to  receive  such  cases  when  there 
has  been  some  complication  which  necessitated  either  active  medical  or 
surgical  treatment.  It  is  fair  to  state  that  the  ordinary  consumptive,  to 
use  common  language,  is  not  admitted  at  all  to  the  hospital." 


16  Frederick-  L.  Hoffman. 

against  a  colored  rate  of  41.4.  For  all  other  causes,  the  white  rate  was 
15.4,  against  a  colored  rate  of  17.8.  With  the  exception,  therefore,  of 
diseases  of  the  nervous  system,  the  rates  were  in  excess  throughout  for 
female  colored  patients,  but  particularly  so  in  the  case  of  infectious 
diseases,  tumors,  diseases  of  the  reproductive  organs  and  obstetrical 
cases. 

Considering  some  of  the  diseases  in  detail,  the  following  facts  are 
of  interest: 

For  appendicitis,  the  white  female  admission  rate  was  2.9  against  a 
colored  rate  of  2.1.  For  syphilis,  the  white  rate  was  0.3,  against  a 
colored  rate  of  1.5.  For  tuberculosis  of  the  lungs,  the  white  rate  was 
0.7  and  the  colored  rate  1.7.  For  other  forms  of  tuberculosis,  the 
white  rate  was  1.5  and  the  colored  rate  4.6.  For  typhoid  fever,  the 
white  rate  was  1.3  and  the  colored  rate  was  2.9.  For  lung  diseases, 
the  white  rate  was  0.4  and  the  colored  rate  1.7.  For  kidney  diseases, 
the  white  rate  was  2.2  and  the  colored  rate  1.9.  With  the  exception, 
therefore,  of  appendicitis  and  kidney  diseases,  the  admission  rates 
were  in  excess  for  colored  female  patients,  but  particularly  so  in  the 
case  of  syphilis,  non-pulmonary  tuberculosis,  t37phoid  fever,  and  dis- 
eases of  the  lungs. 

Comparative  Admission  Rates  by  Race,  Sex  and  Cause. — For  the 
purpose  of  convenient  comparison,  the  facts  are  summarized  in  the 
following  two  tables : 

Comparative   Admission    Rates    (per   10,000    Population),    White 

and  Colored. 

Males. 


Causes.  White. 

Infectious  diseases   12.8 

Digestive  diseases   11.5 

Nervous  diseases   6.8 

Tumors  6.7 

Injuries    6.5 

Circulatory  system   5.3 

Reproductive  organs 5.0 

Obstetrical  cases 

All  others 25.3 

Total    79.9  99.9+  70.4  135.4  + 


1 

females. 

Colored. 

White. 

Colored. 

26.5  + 

5.3 

13.2+ 

10.3— 

7.2 

9.8+ 

3.0— 

5.1 

2.1— 

4.5— 

7.3 

16.6+ 

8.3+ 

1.5 

2.4+ 

15.4+ 

1.3 

3.7+ 

2.2— 

14.7 

28.4+ 

12.6 

41.4+ 

29.7+ 

15.4 

17.8+ 

Statistical  Experience  Data.  17 

Comparative  Admission  Rates  (pee  10,000  Population),  Special  Causes, 
White  and  Colored.* 

Males.  Females. 

, K -i  / * « 

Special  causes.  White.  Colored.  White.  Colored. 

Appendicitis    3.8  2.3 —  2.9  2.1 

Syphilis    1.2  2.7+  0.3  1.5+ 

Tuberculosis  of  lungs 1.4  2.6+  0.7  1.7+ 

Other  tuberculosis 2.3  9.0+  1.5  4.6+ 

Typhoid  fever 3.1  6.1+  1.3  2.9+ 

Lung  diseases 1.5  7.3+  0.4  1.7+ 

Kidney  diseases  2.6  3.0+  2.2  1.9— 

Relative  Admission  Bates  of  White  Female  Patients. — Important 
variations  in  the  admission  rates  are  disclosed  by  an  analysis  of  the 
separate  causes,  with  the  required  distinction  of  sex  and  race.  Since  the 
facts  are  not  available  by  divisional  periods  of  life,  a  complete  analysis 
is  out  of  the  question.  The  total  admission  rate  for  white  males  was 
79.9  per  10,000  of  population,  while  for  white  females  the  rate  was 

70.4.  The  admission  rate  for  females  was,  therefore,   88  per  cent 
of  the  male  rate. 

Considering  the  group  of  infectious  diseases,  the  admission  rate  was 
12.8  for  males,  against  only  5.3  for  females.  The  female  admission 
rate  was,  therefore,  only  41  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  diseases  of  the  digestive  system,  the  male  admission  rate  was 

11.5,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  7.2.    The  female  admission 
rate  was,  therefore,  63  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  diseases  of  the  nervous  system,  the  male  admission  rate  was 
6.8  per  10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  5.1.  The  female 
admission  rate  was,  therefore,  75  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  tumors,  including  under  this  term  all  tumors  and  cancers, 
whether  benign  or  malignant,  the  admission  rate  for  males  was  6.7 
per  10,000,  against  an  admission  rate  of  7.3  for  females.  The  female 
admission  rate  was,  therefore,  109  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  injuries,  the  male  admission  rate  was  6.5  per  10,000,  against  a 
female  admission  rate  of  only  1.5.  The  female  admission  rate  was, 
therefore,  only  23  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  diseases  of  the  circulatory  system,  the  male  admission  rate  was 
5.3  per  10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  only  1.3.  The 
female  admission  rate  was,  therefore,  only  25  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

*  The  plus  and  minus  signs  indicate  the  excess  or  deficiency,  respectively, 
in  the  colored  as  compared  with  the  white  rates. 


18  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

For  diseases  of  the  reproductive  organs,  the  male  admission  rate 
was  5.0  per  10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  14.7.  The 
female  admission  rate  was,  therefore,  nearly  three  times  the  male  rate. 

For  obstetrical  cases,  the  admission  rate  was  12.6  per  10,000  of 
female  population. 

For  all  other  causes  and  conditions,  the  male  admission  rate  was 
25.3  per  10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  15.4.  The  female 
admission  rate  for  the  group  of  all  other  causes,  not  conveniently 
admitting  of  a  more  extended  discussion,  was  61  per  cent  of  the  male 
rate. 

Considering  a  few  of  the  principal  diseases  in  detail,  the  following 
are  of  special  interest  and  importance : 

For  appendicitis,  the  male  admission  rate  was  3.8  per  10,000,  against 
a  female  admission  rate  of  2.9.  The  female  admission  rate  for  this 
disease  was,  therefore,  76  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  syphilis,  the  male  admission  rate  was  1.2  per  10,000,  against  a 
female  admission  rate  of  only  0.3.  The  female  admission  rate  for 
this  disease  was,  therefore,  only  25  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  tuberculosis  of  the  lungs,  the  male  admission  rate  was  1.4  per 
10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  only  0.7.  The  female  admis- 
sion rate  for  this  disease  was,  therefore,  50  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  other  tubercular  diseases,  the  male  admission  rate  was  2.3  per 
10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  1.5.  The  female  admission 
rate  for  this  group  of  diseases  was,  therefore,  65  per  cent  of  the  male 
rate. 

For  typhoid  fever,  the  male  admission  rate  was  3.1  per  10,000, 
against  a  female  admission  rate  of  1.3.  The  female  admission  rate 
was,  therefore,  42  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  non-tubercular  lung  diseases,  the  male  admission  rate  was  1.5 
per  10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  only  0.4.  The  female 
admission  rate  was,  therefore,  only  27  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  kidney  diseases,  the  male  admission  rate  was  2.6  per  10,000, 
against  a  female  admission  rate  of  2.2.  The  female  admission  rate 
was,  therefore,  only  85  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

According  to  this  analysis,  the  relative  admission  rates  were  lower 
for  females  than  for  males  for  all  specified  diseases,  with  the  exception 
of  tumors  and  diseases  of  the  reproductive  organs.  The  most  important 
variations  are  met  with  in  the  case  of  injuries,  diseases  of  the  cir- 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  19 

culatory  system,  syphilis  and  non-tubercular  lung  diseases.  How  far 
these  differences  are  the  result  of  selection,  or  custom  and  local  usage, 
can,  of  course,  not  be  stated.  In  other  words,  the  results  are  probably 
not  entirely  conclusive  as  regards  the  true  relative  incidence  of  particu- 
lar diseases  among  the  two  sexes,  since  for  local,  or  hospital,  reasons 
preference  may  be  given  to  one  sex  or  the  other,  in  the  admission  for 
particular  diseases,  or  causes,  as  the  case  may  be. 

Relative  Admission  Rates  of  Colored  Female  Patients. — The  total 
admission  rate  for  colored  males  was  99.9  per  10,000  of  population, 
while  for  colored  females  the  rate  was  135.4.  The  admission  rate  for 
females  was,  therefore,  136  per  cent  of  the  male  rate.  (This  is  in 
contrast  to  a  white  female  admission  rate  of  only  88  per  cent  of  the 
white  male  rate.) 

Considering  the  group  of  infectious  diseases,  the  admission  rate  was 
26.5  for  males,  against  13.2  for  females.  The  female  admission  rate 
was,  therefore,  50  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  diseases  of  the  digestive  system,  the  male  admission  rate  was 

10.3  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  9.8.  The  female  admission 
rate  was,  therefore,  95  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  diseases  of  the  nervous  system,  the  male  admission  rate  was 
3.0  per  10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  2.1.  The  female 
admission  rate  was,  therefore,  70  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  tumors,  including  under  this  term  all  neoplasms,  whether  benign 
or  malignant,  the  admission  rate  for  males  was  4.5  per  10,000,  against 
an  admission  rate  of  16.6  for  females.  The  female  admission  rate  was, 
therefore,  369  per  cent  of  the  male  rate.  (This  is  in  curious  contrast 
to  the  relative  white  female  admission  rate  for  tumors  of  only  109 
per  cent.) 

For  injuries,  the  male  admission  rate  was  8.3  per  10,000,  against  a 
female  admission  rate  of  only  2.4.  The  female  admission  rate  was, 
therefore,  only  29  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  diseases  of  the  circulatory  system,  the  male  admission  rate  was 

15.4  per  10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  only  3.7.  The 
female  admission  rate  was,  therefore,  only  24  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  diseases  of  the  reproductive  organs,  the  male  admission  rate 
was  2.2  per  10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  28.4.  The 
female  admission  rate  was,  therefore,  1291  per  cent  or  nearly  thirteen 
times  the  male  rate.     (This,  also,  is  in  curious  contrast  to  the  relative 


20  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

white  female  admission  rate  for  diseases  of  the  reproductive  organs  of 
294  per  cent.) 

For  obstetrical  cases,  the  admission  rate  was  41.4  per  10,000  of 
female  population. 

Considering  a  few  of  the  principal  diseases  in  detail,  the  following 
are  of  special  interest  and  importance : 

For  appendicitis,  the  male  admission  rate  was  2.3  per  10,000,  against 
a  female  admission  rate  of  2.1.  The  female  admission  rate  for  this 
disease  was,  therefore,  91  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  syphilis,  the  male  admission  rate  was  2.7  per  10,000,  against 
a  female  admission  rate  of  1.5.  The  female  admission  rate  for  this 
disease  was,  therefore,  56  per  cent  of  the  male  rate.  (In  contrast,  the 
relative  white  female  rate  for  this  disease  was  only  25  per  cent.) 

For  tuberculosis  of  the  lungs,  the  male  admission  rate  was  2.6  per 
10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  1.7.  The  female  admission 
rate  for  this  disease  was,  therefore,  65  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  other  tubercular  diseases,  the  male  admission  rate  was  9.0 
per  10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  4.6.  The  female  admis- 
sion rate  for  this  group  of  diseases  was,  therefore,  51  per  cent  of  the 
male  rate. 

For  typhoid  fever,  the  male  admission  rate  was  6.1  per  10,000, 
against  a  female  admission  rate  of  2.9.  The  female  admission  rate 
was,  therefore,  48  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  non-tubercular  lung  diseases,  the  male  admission  rate  was  7.3 
per  10,000,  against  a  female  admission  rate  of  1.7.  The  female  admis- 
sion rate  was,  therefore,  only  23  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

For  kidney  diseases,  the  male  admission  rate  was  3.0  per  10,000, 
against  a  female  admission  rate  of  1.9.  The  female  admission  rate  was, 
therefore,  63  per  cent  of  the  male  rate. 

The  conslusions,  as  regards  the  ses  differences  in  the  admission 
rates  for  the  colored  population,  are  practically  the  same  as  for  the 
whites.  The  most  suggestive  difference  is  found  in  the  enormous 
disproportion  of  admissions  of  colored  females  for  diseases  of  the 
reproductive  organs,  equivalent  to  1291  per  cent  of  the  male  admis- 
sion rate.  A  very  substantial  difference  also  exists  in  the  admission 
rates  for  tumors,  which,  in  the  case  of  colored  females,  show  an 
admission  rate  of  369  per  cent  of  the  colored  male  admission  rate. 
As  in  the  case  of  white  admissions,  the  lowest  relative  rates  for  women 
are  met  with  in  the  case  of  injuries  and  diseases  of  the  circulatory 
system,  and  also  in  the  case  of  non-tubercular  diseases  of  the  lungs. 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  21 

How  far  these  differences  are  the  result  of  selection,  etc.,  cannot  be 
stated. 

Statistical  Basis  of  Hospital  Efficiency.— Qualified  opinion  differs 
as  regards  the  most  conclusive  test  of  hospital  efficiency.  Perhaps  no 
single  test  meets  all  modern  requirements,  but  it  has  seemed  best  to 
limit  the  present  considerations  to  the  death  rate.  In  view  of  the 
fact  that  in  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  statistics  the  number  of 
patients  "  recovered  and  improved "  is  combined,  it  is  evident  that 
for  medical  purposes  no  precise  conclusions  can  be  based  upon  this 
term.  The  term  "  unimproved  "  is  also  subject  to  a  certain  degree  of 
indefiniteness,  but  the  number  of  such  cases  is  relatively  small,  so  that 
the  resulting  percentages  would  not  be  of  much  practical  value.  The 
number  "  not  treated  "  is  an  additional  indefinite  element  which,  it 
svould  seem,  should  be  reduced  to  the  lowest  possible  minimum.  This 
group  probably  represents  patients  admitted,  but  subsequently  found 
unsuitable  for  hospital  treatment,  or  not  in  need  thereof.  The  num- 
ber "  transferred  "  is  also  relatively  small,  and  since  the  reasons  for 
transfers  are  not  given,  the  group  cannot  be  dealt  with  to  practical 
advantage.  The  deaths,  however,  are  a  precisely  defined  and  self- 
limited  group,  which,  while  comparatively  small,  yet  represents,  from 
the  medical  and  hospital  points  of  view,  the  most  important  test  of 
institutional  efficiency.  In  what  follows,  therefore,  the  discussion  is 
practically  limited  to  the  mortality  percentage,  by  groups  of  diseases 
and  single  causes,  the  percentage,  unless  otherwise  stated,  being  based 
upon  the  total  number  admitted  during  the  decade  ending  with  1911 
and  the  total  number  of  deaths  during  the  same  period.*  The  only 
exceptions  to  this  rule  are  the  first  23  tables,  in  which  the  rates  are 
calculated  upon  the  number  treated,  for  reasons  explained  in  the  in- 
troduction. By  limiting  the  discussion  of  the  mortality  by  groups  of 
diseases  and  single  causes  to  a  ten-year  period,  a  much  larger  and 
more  trustworthy  basis  of  facts  is  secured,  so  that  accidental  fluctua- 
tions in  the  results  are,  as  far  as  practicable,  eliminated. 

Comparative  Mortality  Rate,  1902-1911. — The  aggregate  experience 
of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  during  the  decade  ending  with  Jan. 
31,  1912,  includes  22,819  male  and  24,138  female  patients.  The 
average  mortality  rate,  as  determined  on  the  basis  of  the  total  number 
of  patients  "treated,"  was  7.6  per  cent  for  males  and  4.1  per  cent 
for  females.    During  the  preceding  decade  the  male  mortality  rate  was 

*  See  page  11  for  full  explanation. 


22  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

7.8  per  cent  and  the  female  rate  5.1  per  cent.  The  range  in  the  male 
mortality  rate  has  been  from  a  maximum  of  8.9  per  cent  during  1901- 
1902  to  a  minimum  of  6.1  per  cent  during  1910.  The  maximum 
mortality  rate  for  female  patients  occurred  in  1892,  when  it  was. 6.0 
per  cent,  and  the  minimum  rate  occurred  in  1908,  when  it  was  only 

2.9  per  cent. 

Comparative  Mortality  Bate  by  Race  and  Sex. — Throughout  the 
entire  experience,  the  mortality  rate  of  colored  patients  has  been 
higher,  and  for  both  sexes,  than  the  corresponding  death  rate  of 
white  patients.  During  the  last  decade,  it  appears  that  the  white 
male  death  rate  was  6.6  per  cent,  while  for  the  colored  patients  it 
was  12.6  per  cent;  for  white  female  patients  the  death  rate  was  3.6 
per  cent,  against  5.3  per  cent  for  colored  female  patients.  The  max- 
imum colored  mortality  rate  for  males  occurred  in  1901,  when  it 
reached  14.4  per  cent;  the  minimum  rate  occurred  in  1910,  when  it 
was  9.1  per  cent.  The  lowest  rate  for  colored  male  patients,  how- 
ever, was  still  considerably  in  excess  of  the  maximum  mortality  rate 
for  white  male  patients.  The  maximum  death  rate  for  colored  females 
occurred  in  1892,  when  it  reached  14.3  per  cent,  and  the  minimum 
rate  occurred  in  1908,  when  it  was  3.8  per  cent.  The  differences  in 
the  mortality  rates  of  white  and  colored  males  are,  therefore,  much 
more  pronounced  than  in  the  case  of  white  and  colored  females,  but 
practically  throughout,  the  female  death  rates  for  colored  patients 
have  been  considerably  in  excess  of  the  corresponding  rates  for  white 
female  patients.  A  general  summary  of  the  facts  is  given  in  the  table 
below,  for  the  ten  years  ending  with  1911 : 

Comparative  Death  Rates,  White  and  Colored,  The  Johns  Hopkins 
Hospital,  1902-1911. 


Total  Total 

Patients.  number  number 

treated.  of  deaths.  percentage. 


Mortality 


White  patients: 

Males   18,792  1,235  6.6 

Females 17,675  637  3.6 

Total  whites 36,467  1,872  5.1 

Colored  patients: 

Males   4,027  509  12.6 

Females    6,463  342  5.3 

Total  colored 10,490  851  8.1 

Total,  white  and  colored.  46.957  2,723  5.8 


Morbidity    Experience   01 

Baltimore,   f 


Fata  I  i  til   Rates    bi|   C< 

Deaths  per  tOO  Patient*. 


Mecficat  Cases 
Surgicat  Cases 
Gyneco/og/'cat  Cases 
Obsfe/r/'eat  Cases 

Medtcat  Cases 
Surg/cat  Cases 
Ggneco/ogicaf  Cases 
Obstetrical  Cases 


Mates 
8.0 

6./ 


W 


Mates 
t?.2 

9.4 


Col 


White   an 

IVtf/te  Patients        Mates  2 

Femates  3 

Cotorect  Patients     Mates  t3 

Femates  5. 


Johns   Hopkins  Hospital 

1.     1902  — 1911 


dition  on  Admission 

Tdmifted  of  Eacft  C/ass 

*  ^  fe/n&fes 

5.7 


ed 


Fem&/es 
/6.8 

7.6 
2.9 
1.6 


Colored 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


23 


Variations  in  Methods  of  Statistical  Treatment  of  Hospital  Data. — 
The  foregoing  mortality  rates,  however,  require  to  be  considered  with 
caution,  since  they  differ  slightly  from  the  rates  subsequently  to  be 
given  on  the  basis  of  the  patients  "  admitted."  For  reasons  previously 
explained,  this  difference  cannot  be  eliminated  from  the  present  dis- 
cussion, in  which  the  returns  for  a  series  of  years  have  been  combined 
into  a  group.  Since  the  number  admitted  is  always  less  than  the 
number  treated,  which  includes  the  number  remaining  from  the 
previous  year,  the  rates  based  on  the  number  "  admitted  "  are,  there- 
fore, slightly  higher  throughout  than  the  rates  based  on  the  number 
"  treated." 

Variations  in  Death  Rate  According  to  Class  of  Patients  Treated. 
— The  death  rate  has  varied  considerably,  according  to  the  class  of 
patients  treated,  whether  medical,  surgical,  gynecological  or  obstetrical. 
In  the  experience  of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  the  death  rate  was 
highest  during  the  decade  under  review  among  colored  male  medical 
cases,  or  16.2  per  cent,  and  lowest  for  colored  obstetrical  cases,  or 
only  1.5  per  cent. 

Comparative  Mortality  Rates  of  White  Patients  by  Sex. — The  com- 
parative mortality  rates  of  white  patients  are  given  in  tabular  form 
below : 


Comparative  Mortality  Rates,*  White  Pattexts,  1902-1911. 

Hales.  .  Females. 

Class  of  cases.'  Treated.  *™{«  of     Percent-  '    treated.      dumber/*     *«£*-' 

Medical    8,213  624  7.6  4,186  223  5.3 

Surgical 10,579  611  5.8  4,054  223  5.5 

Gynecological    ..  6,803  141  2.1 

Obstetrical . .  2,632  50  1.9 

Total    18,792  1,235  6.6  17,675  637  3.6 

*  On  the  basis  of  the  number  of  patients  treated.    The  diagram  opposite  exhibits  the  fatality 
rates  on  the  basis  of  the  number  admitted. 

Variations  in  Mortality  Rates  According  to  Race  and  Sex. — This 
comparison  conclusively  proves  the  importance  of  differentiating  in 
hospital  statistics  the  mortality  rates  of  the  different  classes  of  patients. 
It  may,  therefore,  be  laid  down  as  an  axiom  that  the  general  hospital 
death  rate  is  misleading  unless  corrected  for  sex  and  race  and  the  kind 
of  treatment — that  is,  medical,  surgical,  etc. 


24 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Comparative  Mortality  Bates   of   Colored  Patients   by  Sex. — For 
colored  patients  the  facts  in  detail  are  given  in  tabular  form  below : 


Comparative  Mortality  Rates,*  Colored  Patients,  1902-1911. 

Males.  Females. 

r * ,    t ' ■ 1 

„,          .                         „       .    ,           Number  of    Percent-  T„   ..,,        Number  of     Percent- 
Class  of  cases.             Treated.             deaths.            age.  Treated.          deaths.            age. 

Medical    2,109              342         16.2  1,046           166         15.9 

Surgical 1,918              167           8.7  1,073             79           7.4 

Gynecological . .  2,504            69          2.8 

Obstetrical ..  1,840             28           1.5 

Total 4,027              509         12.6  6,463           342           5.3 

*  On  the  basis  of  the  number  of  patients  treated. 


According  to  this  table,  the  death  rate  of  colored  male  medical 
cases  was  16.2  per  cent,  against  8.7  per  cent  for  surgical  cases.  For 
females,  the  respective  percentages  were  15.9  and  7.4.  For  colored 
gynecological  cases,  the  death  rate  was  2.8,  and  for  obstetrical  cases, 
1.5  per  cent. 

Mortality  Rate  by  Divisional  Periods  of  Life* — On  account  of  the 
required  brevity,  the  fluctuations  in  the  medical  and  surgical,  as  well 
as  the  gynecological  and  obstetrical,  death  rates,  by  single  years,  can- 
not be  discussed.  All  the  facts  are  given  in  full  in  Tables  2-12  of 
the  Statistical  Appendix,  for  the  white  patients,  and  Tables  13-23 
for  the  colored.  The  same  conclusion  also  applies  to  the  consideration 
of  the  mortality  by  divisional  periods  of  life,  which,  however,  cannot 
be  extended  to  causes  of  admission,  since  these  facts  are  only  given 
for  all  patients,  considered  as  a  group. 

Comparative  Mortality  by  Age,  Race  and  Sex. — The  facts,  in  some 
detail,  are  given  in  the  table  below,  but  the  data  in  full  are  given  in 
the  Statistical  Appendix  in  Tables  6-12  for  the  white  patients,  and  in 
Tables  17-23  for  the  colored  patients. 


*  The  table  below  emphasizes  the  importance  of  giving  the  hospital  admis- 
sions by  causes  with  the  distinction  of  age  and  sex.  In  the  case  of  many 
diseases  the  fatality  rate  varies  considerably  according  to  age  and  this 
is  particularly  true,  of  course,  for  the  acute  infectious  diseases  of  infancy 
and  childhood.     That  these  differences  are  considerable  and  important  is 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


25 


Comparative  Mortality  *  by  Age. 

White.  Colored. 

* . *■ 

Ages.  Males.        Females.  Males.  Females. 

Under  15 8.9  9.3  11.0  11.6 

15-24    3.5  2.0  10.3  2.4 

25-34    4.0  2.1  11.8  3.8 

35-44    6.4  3.6  13.7  8.7 

45-54    8.0  5.5  16.5  13.5 

55-64    9.3  7.3  14.7  14.4 

65  and  over 11.0  8.4  16.5  23.3 

*  Rates  calculated  on  the  number  of  patients  treated. 

It  is  shown  by  the  above  summary  table  that  the  mortality  rate  was 
relatively  high  at  ages  under  15,  or,  respectively,  8.9.  per  cent  for  white 
male  patients,  and  9.3  per  cent  for  white  female  patients,  and  11.0  per 
cent  and  11.6  per  cent,  respectively,  for  colored  males  and  females. 
The  mortality  rate  decreased  during  the  next  decade  of  life,  increas- 
ing subsequently  from  decade  to  decade,  and  reaching  a  maximum  for 
both  races  at  ages  65  and  over.  The  range  in  the  mortality  rates,  how- 
ever, was  much  less  for  colored  males,  and  throughout  life  the  death 
rates  for  the  colored  were  considerably  in  excess  of  the  corresponding 
death  rates  for  the  white  patients. 

clear  from  the  following  statistics  compiled  from  the  Reports  of  the  Met- 
ropolitan Asylums  Board,  London,  Bng. 

Comparative  Mortality  from   Specified  Acute  Infectious   Diseases,  by 
Sex  and  Age,  Metropolitan  Asylums  Board,  London,  Eng.,  1910-1911. 

Diphtheria.  Scarlet  Fever.  Measles.  Whooping  Cough. 


Ages. 


1,362 

297 

31 


Males. 

Under   5    1,854    214    11.5    2,727    139  5.1 

5-9     1,502      92      6.1    3,491      49  1.4 

10-19 571      12      2.1    1,649      17  1.0 

20-over 167        3      1.8       417        5  1.2 

All    Ages    ...   4,094    321      7.8 

Females. 

Under  5 1,792  228  12.7  2,718  102  3.8  1,335 

5-9 1,775  135   7.6  4,050   46  1.1   363 

10-19 .   704   19   2.7  1,905   16  0.8    31 

20-over 303    6   2.0   643    6  0.9    14 


239 


17.5 

2.7 
3.2 


543  69 

56   1 

1  .. 


12.7 
1.8 


8,284  210  2.5  1,698  248  14.6  600  70  11.7 


217 
11 


16.3 
3.0 


579 

67 

2 


71 
4 


12.3 
6.0 


All  Ages 


4,574  388   8.5  9,316  170  1.8  1,743  228  13.1  648  75  11.6 


26  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

I  am  not  aware  of  any  corresponding  information  for  other  public 
or  private  hospitals  of  the  United  States,  although  as  here  shown  the 
age  factor  is  of  considerable  importance  in  determining  the  general 
death  rate.  Obviously,  a  hospital  admitting  a  disproportionately  large 
number  of  patients  at  ages  15-34,  when  the  death  rate  is  relatively 
low,  must  have  a  more  favorable  general  death  rate,  without  necessarily 
any  reference  to  the  true  results  of  institutional  treatment,  than  a  hos- 
pital admitting  an  unduly  large  proportion  of  patients  at  ages  under 
15  or  over  35,  when  the  specific  death  rates,  by  divisional  periods  of  life, 
are  above  the  average  for  all  ages. 

Percentage  Distribution  of  Causes  of  Admission,  White  Patients. — 
In  the  concluding  discussion  of  the  mortality,  by  groups  of  diseases, 
or  special  causes,  the  mortality  percentage  is  always  determined  on 
the  basis  of  the  number  of  "  admissions."  Before  considering;  the 
mortality  rate  by  diseases  in  detail,  however,  it  will  serve  a  useful  pur- 
pose to  point  out  briefly  the  percentage  distribution  of  principal  causes 
of  hospital  admission  ,  with  a  due  regard  to  sex  and  race.  Among  white 
male  patients,  16.0  per  cent  of  the  morbidity  was  due  to  infectious 
diseases,  14.4  per  cent  to  diseases  of  the  digestive  system,  and  8.6  per 
cent  to  diseases  of  the  nervous  system.  These  three  groups  of  causes, 
therefore,  accounted  for  39.0  per  cent  of  the  morbidity  from  all  causes. 
The  ten  specified  causes  given  in  the  following  table  accounted  for  83.1 
per  cent  of  the  morbidity  from  all  causes.  Among  the  white  female 
patients  the  principal  cause  of  morbidity  was  diseases  of  the  repro- 
ductive organs,  or  20.8  per  cent  of  the  morbidity  from  all  causes.  The 
next  most  important  group  of  disorders  was  obstetrical  conditions,  or 
17.8  per  cent,  followed  by  cancers  and  tumors,  with  10.4  per  cent. 
These  three  groups  of  disorders,  therefore,  accounted  for  49.0  per 
cent  of  the  morbidity  from  all  causes.  The  ten  specified  groups  of 
causes,  according  to  the  table  below,  accounted  for  84.8  per  cent  of 
the  morbidity  from  all  causes.  Among  other  interesting  facts,  it  is 
shown,  by  this  comparison,  that  diseases  of  the  reproductive  functions  * 
are  of  predominating  importance  among  women,  whereas,  among  white 
male  patients,  injuries  are  of  the  fifth  order  of  importance,  accounting 
for  8.1  per  cent  of  the  morbidity  f  from  all  causes,  against  2.1  per  cent 
for  female  patients.     Another  significant  feature  of  the  morbidity  of 

*  In  hospital  experience. 

f  The  term  morbidity  is  here  used  in  a  general  sense  and  includes  injuries 
as  well  as  diseases  and  non-pathalogical  reasons  for  admission. 


Morbidity  Experience  o 

Baltimore, 


Morbidifij  from  <j 

Percentage  Disfrh 


Mates 


females 


Wfiife    Cast 


fO 


hfeetive  Diseases   /6.0 


Reproductive 


Digestive  Diseases  J4.4 


Organs       80.6 


Diseases 
6.6 


Obstetrical  Gonditions   J?.8 


7t/mor<s 
6.4 


Tumors    iO. 


Males 


Fema/es 


Co/orecf    Cat 


fO 


infective  D/ 

seases 

S6.5 

<3/reu/<3fory 
Di<$e<2<3e<s 
iS.<4 

£e&p/r< 

D/<se<3<:. 

IO.* 

Obsfetriea, 

'  <3o/2(fition$ 

SO.  6 

i?eproducfive 

1 

Organs       < 

Johns  Hopkins  Hospital 

d.   1902  — 1911 


Principe/  Causes 

on  by  Gace  and  Jex 


^ft/miffed 


60 


80 


Ties 
1 


C/rcu/d/ory 

Diseases 

6.6 


Vgest/ve 
diseases 
/0.3 


J?//   Otter   Qaus~e$  37.9 


Infective 

Diseases 

7.6 


//ervous 

D/se&ses 

7.2 


JW 


Otter  e<su$e<3      B5.9 


Mates 


Femaies 


5  Admitted 


60 


Digests  re. 

D/ei eases 

/O.J 


Tumors 


/njuries 
d.3 


/S.S 


Urinary 

Organs 

5.3 


j9//  Otter  &a<se<s      S3. 6 


/nfeef/Ve 
Diseases 
9.Q\ 


Digesfi've 
Diseases 
7.S     I 


cuts- 
fory 
2.7 


M  Of/ier  6?usej  /6J 


Mates 


Fema/es 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  27 

white  male  patients  is  the  relative  frequency  of  hernia,  accounting 
for  5.1  per  cent  of  the  morbidity  from  all  causes.  The  details  for 
white  patients  are  given  in  the  table  following : 

Percentage  Distribution  of  Morbidity  of  Patients  Admitted  to  The  Johns 
Hopkins  Hospital,  1902-1911. 
white  patients. 

Males.  Females. 


Causes.  Percentage.       Causes.  Percentage. 

Infectious  diseases 16.0      Reproductive  organs 20.8 

Digestive  system 14.4      Obstetrical  conditions   17.8 

Nervous  system 8.6      Cancers  and  tumors 10.4 

Cancers  and  tumors 8.4      Digestive  system 10.3 

Injuries   8.1      Infectious  diseases  7.6 

Circulatory  system 6.6      Nervous  system 7.2 

Reproductive  organs   6.2      Urinary  system 4.5 

Hernia   5.1  Ductless  glands  and  spleen.  .  .  2.4 

Urinary  system  5.0      Injuries   2.1 

Respiratory  system    4.7      Respiratory  system 1.7 

Total  for  ten  causes 83.1  Total  for  ten  causes 84.8 

All  other  causes 16.9  All  other  causes 15.2 

Total,  all  causes 100.0  Total,  all  causes 100.0 

Percentage  Distribution  of  Causes  of  Admission,  Colored  Patients. 
— Among  colored  male  patients  infectious  diseases  were  of  the  first 
order  of  importance,  accounting  for  26.5  per  cent  of  the  morbidity 
from  all  causes.  The  next  most  important  group  of  diseases  was 
disorders  of  the  circulatory  system,  accounting  for  15.4  per  cent,  fol- 
lowed by  disorders  of  the  respiratory  system,  with  10.4  per  cent. 
The  morbidity  from  injuries  was  8.3  per  cent,  or  about  the  same  as 
for  white  male  patients  (8.1  per  cent)  ;  but  in  marked  contrast  to 
white  male  patients,  the  morbidity  from  hernia  was  not  among  the 
ten  leading  causes,  but  may  here  be  referred  to  as  having  been  3.5 
per  cent  (5.1  per  cent  for  white  male  patients).  Among  colored 
females,  obstetrical  conditions  come  first,  with  30.6  per  cent,  followed 
by  disorders  of  the  reproductive  organs,  with  21.0  per  cent.  The  two 
causes  combined  account  for  51.6  per  cent  of  the  morbidity  from  all 
causes,  against  38.6  per  cent  for  white  females.  Cancers  and  non- 
malignant  tumors  hold  third  place  in  the  morbidity  list  for  colored 
females,  or  the  same  position  as  for  white  females,  but  the  percentage 
was  12.2  for  the  colored,  against  10.4  for  white  females.  The  details 
for  colored  patients  are  given  in  the  following  table  : 


28  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

Percentage  Distribution  of  Morbidity  of  Patients  Admitted  to  The  Johns 
Hopkins  Hospital,  1902-1911. 
colored  patients. 

Males.  Females. 


Causes.  Percentage.       Causes.  Percentage. 

Infectious  diseases 26.5  Obstetrical  conditions   30.6 

Circulatory  system 15.4  Reproductive  organs   21.0 

Respiratory  system 10.4  Tumors    12.2 

Digestive  system 10.3  Infectious  diseases   9.8 

Injuries    8.3  Digestive  system 7.2 

Urinary  system  5.3  Circulatory  system 2.7 

Tumors    4.5  Urinary  system 2.3 

Nervous  system 3.0  Respiratory  system 2.2 

Reproductive  organs  2.2  Injuries    1.8 

Bones,  etc 2.1  Nervous  system 1.5 

Total  for  ten  causes 88.0  Total  for  ten  causes 91.3 

All  other  causes 12.0  All  other  causes 8.7 

Total,  all  causes 100.0  Total,  all  causes 100.0 

Summary  Comparison  of  Admissions  by  Race  and  Sex. — Accord- 
ing to  these  tables  the  four  principal  groups  of  causes  accounted  for 
47.1  per  cent  of  the  admissions  of  white  male  patients,  for  59.3  per 
cent  of  white  females,  for  62.6  per  cent  of  the  admissions  of  colored 
males,  and  for  73.6  per  cent  of  colored  females.  At  the  risk  of 
repetition,  the  more  important  facts  are  set  forth  in  tabular  form, 
as  follows : 

Summary  of  Percentage  Distribution  of  Admissions  by  Principal  Causes, 

According  to  Race  and  Sex,  1902-1911. 

Percentage 
Principal  causes.  of  total 

Admissions. 

White  males: 

Infectious  diseases  16.0 

Digestive  system 14.4 

Nervous  system 8.6 

Injuries   8.1 

47.1 
White  females: 

Reproductive  organs 20.8 

Obstetrical  conditions 17.8 

Tumors    1°-4 

Digestive  system 10-3 

59.3 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  29 

Summary  of  Percentage  Distribution  of  Admissions  by  Principal  Causes, 
According  to  Race  and  Sex,  1902-1911 — Continued. 

Percentage 
Principal  causes.  of  total 

Admissions. 

Colored  males: 

Infectious  diseases  26.5 

Circulatory  system 15.4 

Respiratory  system   10.4 

Digestive  system 10.3 

62.6 
Colored  females: 

Obstetrical  conditions  30.6 

Reproductive  organs  21.0 

Tumors    12.2 

Infectious  diseases  9.8 

73.6 


Additional  details  regarding  causes  of  admission  will  be  found, 
for  white  patients,  in  Tables  30-33  of  the  Statistical  Appendix,  and 
for  colored  patients,  in  Tables  34-37,  inclusive. 

Mortality  Bate  by  Groups  of  Causes  and  Selected  Diseases,  White 
Patients. — Considering  first  the  white  patients  only,  but  with  dis- 
tinction of  sex,  and  according  to  all  classes  of  cases,  that  is,  medical 
or  surgical,  gynecological  or  obstetrical,  it  is  shown  by  Tables  38-41 
of  the  Statistical  Appendix  that  there  are  many  important  variations 
in  the  death  rate,  of  which  the  following  are  given  as  interesting  illus- 
trations : 

The  mortality  rate  in  diseases  of  the  circulatory  system  was  14.4 
per  cent  for  white  males,  against  14.0  per  cent  for  white  females.  In 
the  group  of  diseases  of  the  digestive  system,  the  mortality  rates  were 
5.3  for  males  and  3.4  for  females.  In  diseases  of  the  ductless  glands 
and  spleen,  the  mortality  rate  was  5.9  per  cent  for  males,  against  3.0 
per  cent  for  females.  In  diseases  of  the  ear,  the  rates  were  7.3  for 
males  and  3.6  for  females.  The  rates  for  infective  diseases  were  6.0 
per  cent  for  males  and  5.9  per  cent  for  females.  In  hernia  the  mor- 
tality rate  for  males  was  2.0  per  cent,  but  for  females  it  was  6.1 
per  cent.  In  diseases  of  the  nervous  system,  the  death  rate  was  4.5 
per  cent  for  males,  against  only  1.9  per  cent  for  females;  but,  con- 
sidering separately  diseases  of  the  brain  and  spinal  cord,  the  death 
3 


30  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

rate  for  males  was  17.5  per  cent,  against  13.6  per  cent  for  females. 
In  diseases  of  the  reproductive  organs  the  male  death  rate  was  4.1 
per  cent,  against  a  female  death  rate  of  only  1.2  per  cent.  In  diseases 
of  the  respiratory  system  the  male  death  rate  was  10.7  per  cent 
against  8.6  per  cent  for  females.  In  the  case  of  tumors,  both  benign 
and  malignant,  the  male  death  rate  was  13.7  per  cent,  and  the  female 
death  rate  8.3  per  cent.  Considering  benign  tumors  separately,  the 
male  death  rate  was  10.5  per  cent  and  the  female  death  rate  5.2  per 
cent.  In  the  case  of  malignant  tumors  the  male  death  rate  was  15.0 
per  cent  and  the  female  death  rate  10.7  per  cent.  In  the  group  of 
diseases  of  the  urinary  organs  the  male  death  rate  was  11.4  per  cent 
and  the  female  rate  5.5  per  cent.  For  obstetrical  conditions  of  all 
kinds,  subsequently  to  be  considered  in  some  detail,  the  death  rate 
for  white  females  was  2  per  cent.  For  injuries  the  male  death  rate 
was  5.6  per  cent,  but  the  female  death  rate  was  more  than  twice  as 
high,  or  11.7  per  cent. 

Table  of  Admissions  and  Mortality  by  Selected  Causes,  White 
Males. — The  following  table  will  show  in  some  detail,  for  white  males, 
the  mortality  from  certain  specified  causes,  represented  by  more  than 
500  admissions : 

Admissions  and  Mortality  by  Selected  Causes,  1902-1911. 
white  males. 

Selerted  pauses  Number  of        Number  of        Percentae-e 

beiecteci  causes.  admissions.  deaths.  e ercentage. 

Arteries,  veins 615  74  12.0 

'     Appendicitis    .' 840  29  3.5 

Rectum,  anus   513  4  0.8 

Typhoid  fever 695  52  7.5 

Hernia    903  18  2.0 

Functional  nervous  diseases.  .   1,015  4  0.4 

Prostate  gland   767  43  5.6 

Malignant  tumors  1,059  159  15.0 

Kidney  diseases 575  83  14.4 

Injuries    1,436  80  5.6 

Note. — This   table    includes   all   causes   represented  by   more   than   500 
admissions. 

Table   of  Admissions   and  Mortality   by   Selected   Causes.    White 
Females. — In  a  similar  manner,  the  mortality  of  white  females  has 


Morbidity    Experience   o 

Baltimore,    I 


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I.    I902— 1911 


il   Causes   of  Admission 

Jve  Each  Specified  Cause 

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Colored  Females 


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Statistical  Experience  Data.  31 

been  tabulated  with  reference  to  diseases  represented  by  more  than  250 
admissions : 

Admissions  and  Mortality  by  Selected  Causes,  1902-1911. 

white  females. 

_  .     ,    ,  Number  of        Number  of         p„-„„„(.„0.0 

Selected  causes.  admissions.  deaths.  Percentage. 

Appendicitis    678  8  1.2 

Gall  bladder  and  duct 311  15  4.8 

Thyroid  gland 368  11  3.0 

Tuberculosis  (non- 
pulmonary)    353  29  8.2 

Typhoid  fever 307  18  5.9 

Diseases  of  the  joints 265  2  0.8 

Diseases  of  the  mind 274  1  0.4 

Functional  nervous  diseases . .  913  3  0.3 
Functional  diseases  of  repro- 
ductive organs  624  1  0.2 

Ligaments,  tubes,  ovaries. .. .  1,256  27  2.1 

Uterus 856  4  0.5 

Vagina    611  7  1.1 

Benign  tumors 750  39  5.2 

Malignant  tumors 981  105  10.7 

Diseases  of  the  kidneys 521  40  7.7 

Obstetrical  conditions    2,973  59  2.0 

Injuries    350  41  11.7 

Note. — This  table  includes  all  causes  represented  by  more  than  250 
admissions. 

Table  of  Admissions  and  Mortality  by  Selected  Causes,  Colored 
Patients. — The  morbidity  distribution  for  colored  patients  is  somewhat 
less  varied  than  for  the  whites,  but  the  mortality  differences  for  the 
two  sexes  are  equally  pronounced.  For  diseases  of  the  circulatory 
system  the  mortality  was  19.1  per  cent  for  colored  males,  against 
21.8  per  cent  for  colored  females.  For  diseases  of  the  digestive 
system  the  respective  death  rates  were  8.0  per  cent  for  males  and  9.3 
per  cent  for  females.  For  infectious  diseases  the  mortality  percentages 
were  14.4  for  males  and  10.2  for  females.  For  diseases  of  the  nervous 
system  the  male  mortality  percentage  was  18.7  and  the  female  29.8. 
Considering  diseases  of  the  brain  and  spinal  cord  separately,  the 
mortality  rate  for  males  was  33.3  per  cent,  against  55.8  per  cent 
for  females.  For  diseases  of  the  reproductive  organs  the  mortality 
was  14.8  per  cent  for  males,  against  only  1.3  per  cent  for  females. 
For  diseases  of  the  respiratory  system  the  death  rate  for  males  was 


o^  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

17.9  per  cent,  against  21.2  per  cent  for  females.  For  tumors,  both 
benign  and  malignant,  the  mortality  percentage  was  20.0  for  males, 
against  6.0  for  females.  Considering  benign  tumors  separately,  the 
mortality  rates  were  5.9  per  cent  for  males,  against  4.0  per  cent  for 
females.  For  malignant  tumors  the  death  rate  was  26.1  per  cent  for 
males,  against  11.3  per  cent  for  females.  For  diseases  of  the  urinary 
organs  the  mortality  was  17.5  per  cent  for  males,  against  13.6  per  cent 
for  females.  For  obstetrical  conditions  the  colored  female  mortality  rate 
was  1.6  per  cent.  For  injuries  the  male  mortality  rate  was  4.5  per 
cent  and  the  female  rate  14.0  per  cent. 

The  following  table  will  show  in  some  detail,  for  colored  males, 
the  principal  causes  of  admission,  represented  by  more  than  200 
admissions : 

Admissions  and  Mortality  by  Selected  Causes,  1902-1911. 
colored  males. 

•„  ,     ,     ,  Number  of        Number  of        D .„  +„„.„ 

Selected  causes.  admissions.  deaths.  Percentage. 

Arteries,  veins   316  60  19.0 

Endocardium    214  44  20.6 

Tuberculosis  (non- 
pulmonary)   340  56  16.5 

Typhoid  fever 231  29  12.6 

Diseases  of  the  lungs 274  61  22.3 

Injuries    312  14  4.5 

Note. — This  table  includes  all  causes  represented  by  more  than  200 
admissions. 

The  table  which  follows  gives  the  same  information  for  colored 
females,  but  only  for  causes  represented  by  more  than  100  admissions : 

Admissions  and  Mortality  by  Selected  Causes,  1902-1911. 
colored  females. 
Selected  causes.  ^ons.      ^TatrT*         Percentage. 

Rectum  and  anus 124  4  3.2 

Tuberculosis  (non- 
pulmonary)    209  22  10.5 

Typhoid  fever 129  12  9.3 

Ovaries,  tubes 953  15  1.6 

Uterus 123 

Benign  tumors 545  22  4.0 

Malignant  tumors  203  23  11.3 

Obstetrical  1,868  30  1.6 

Injuries 107  15  14.0 

Note. — This  table  includes  all  causes  represented  by  more  than  100 
admissions. 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  33 

Observations  on  Possible  Errors  in  Disease  Classification. — On. 
account  of  the  required  brevity,  a  discussion  in  detail  of  the  mortality 
percentages  for  medical,  surgical,  gynecological  and  obstetrical  cases 
has  to  be  omitted.  All  the  facts  are  given  in  full  in  Tables  42,  43,  44 
and  50,  51  and  52  of  the  Statistical  Appendix.  The  diseases  in  these 
tables  have  been  arranged  alphabetically,  as  given  in  the  annual  reports 
of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital.  For  some  purposes,  however,  the 
summary  tables  will  be  more  useful  than  the  others.  Since  the  precise 
meaning  of  medical  and  surgical  cases  cannot  always  be  given,  it  is 
obvious  that  for  certain  purposes  these  cases  require  to  be  combined, 
and  the  same  holds  true  of  gynecological  cases,  also.  In  the  alphabeti- 
cal arrangement  of  the  causes  of  admission,  I  have  combined  many 
equivalent  terms  which  were  separately  given  in  the  orginal  reports, 
such  for  illustration  as  whooping  cough  and  pertussis,  etc.  Such 
needless  and  confusing  repetitions  are  entirely  avoided  by  the  use  of  the 
Bellevue  classification. 

Comparative  Mortality  in  Medical  and  Surgical  Cases. — The  com- 
parative mortality  rate  in  medical  and  surgical  cases,  due  to  the  same 
disease,  is,  of  course,  a  matter  of  special  interest  from  a  medical 
and  surgical  point  of  view.  For  the  present  purpose  the  comparison 
is  necessarily  limited  to  a  few  typical  illustrations,  and,  unless  other- 
wise stated,  the  observations  have  reference  to  white  patients  only. 

In  typhoid  fever  the  mortality  rate  in  white  male  medical  cases 
was  4.4  per  cent,  against  59.0  per  cent  for  surgical  cases.  For  white 
females  the  percentage  was  4.8  for  medical  cases,  against  36.4  for 
surgical  cases,  but  it  should  be  understood  that  the  actual  number  of 
surgical  typhoid  fever  cases  was  relatively  small. 

Comparative  Mortality,  Medical  and  Surgical,  in  Appendicitis.- — 
In  appendicitis  the  mortality  rate  in  medical  cases  was  2.3  per  cent 
for  white  males,  against  a  surgical  mortality  rate  of  3.5  per  cent. 
For  white  females  the  mortality  rate  was  nil  in  medical  cases  and 
only  1.5  per  cent  in  surgical  cases.  On  account  of  the  medical  and 
surgical  significance  of  this  disease,  I  give  the  facts  for  both  the 
white  and  the  colored  patients  in  tabular  form,  as  follows : 


34  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

Mortality  Rate  in  Appendicitis,  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital,  1902-1911. 

white  patients. 

Males.  Females. 

m         ,„„„,        Number  of     Number  of     p„r„u„taa.„      Number  of    Number  of  pt 
Class  of  cases.       admissions.        deaths.        Percentage.    adlrissions.      deaths.      Percentage 

Medical 44  1  2.3  42 

Surgical    796  28  3.5  410  6  1.5 

Gynecological ..  ..  226  2  0.9 

Total   840  29  3.5  678  8  1.2 

COLORED  PATIENTS. 

Medical 5  1  20.0  5 

Surgical   80  9  11.3  50  7  14.0 

Gynecological . .  . .  40  3  7.5 

Total  85  10  11.8  95  10  10.5 

This  table,  in  addition  to  the  medical  and  surgical  cases,  gives  also, 
for  both  white  and  colored  women,  the  gynecological  cases  compli- 
cated by  appendicitis.  The  relatively  high  mortality  rates  for  the 
colored  are  of  special  significance. 

For  diseases  of  the  stomach  the  mortality  rate  in  white  male 
medical  cases  was  0.6  per  cent,  against  11.8  per  cent  in  surgical 
cases.  For  white  females  the  respective  mortality  rate  was  nil  for 
medical  cases  and  21.1  per  cent  for  surgical  cases. 

For  syphilis  the  mortality  rate  was  2.0  per  cent  in  white  male 
medical  cases,  against  2.9  per  cent  in  surgical  cases. 

For  tuberculosis  of  other  forms  (excluding  tuberculosis  of  the 
lungs,  tuberculosis  of  the  meninges,  and  miliary  tuberculosis),  the 
mortality  rate  of  white  males  was  17.9  per  cent  for  medical  cases,  and 
2.5  per  cent  for  surgical  cases.  The  corresponding  mortality  rates 
for  white  females  were  17.4  per  cent  for  medical  cases,  2.1  per  cent 
for  surgical  cases,  and  5.9  per  cent  for  gynecological  cases. 

For  diseases  of  the  brain  and  spinal  cord  the  mortality  rates  were 
13  per  cent  for  white  male  medical  cases  and  23.7  per  cent  for  surgi- 
cal cases.  The  corresponding  mortality  rates  for  white  females  were 
12.7  per  cent  for  medical  cases  and  14.5  per  cent  for  surgical  cases. 

For  diseases  of  the  reproductive  organs  the  mortality  rates  fox 
white  males  were  4.2  per  cent  for  medical  cases  and  4.1  per  cent  for 
surgical  cases.     The  corresponding  mortality  rates  for  white  females 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  35 

were  nil  for  medical  cases,  1.8  per  cent  for  surgical  cases,  and  1.1  per 
cent  for  gynecological  cases. 

For  diseases  of  the  respiratory  system  the  mortality  rates  for  white 
males  were  11.7  per  cent  for  medical  cases  and  7.1  per  cent  for 
surgical  cases.  The  corresponding  rates  for  white  females  were  10.4 
per  cent  for  medical  cases,  2.9  per  cent  for  surgical  cases,  and  nil 
for  obstetrical  cases. 

Comparative  Mortality,  Medical  and  Surgical,  in  Tumors. — For 
tumors  the  facts  are  of  such  exceptional  interest  that  the  information  is 
given  in  tabular  form  below,  according  to  sex  and  race,  with  distinc- 
tion of  benign  and  malignant  tumors,  subsequently  to  be  discussed  in 
more  detail: 

Mortality  Rate  in  Tumors,  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital,  1902-1911. 
benign  tumors,  white  patients. 

Males.  Females. 


™„„„     .„„,„„         Number  of    Number  of  n„..^„_,  Number  of    Number  of  „ 

Class  of  cases.       admissions.      deaths.  Percentage.  admissionS-  deaths      percentage. 

Medical 65                 5  7.7  44  5  11.4 

Surgical    372               41  11.0  218  19  8.7 

Gynecological . .  . .  488  15  3.1 

Total   437               46  10.5  750  39  5.2 

MALIGNANT  TUMORS,  WHITE  PATIENTS. 

Medical 256               38  14.8  93  14  15.1 

Surgical    803             121  15.1  485  46  9.5 

Gynecological . .  . .  403  45  11.2 

Total   1059             159  15.0  981  105  10.7 

BENIGN  TUMORS,   COLORED   PATIENTS. 

Medical 11                 1  9.1  16  2  12.5 

Surgical   40                 2  5.0  47  1                 2.1 

Gynecological ..  ..  482  19                 3.9 

Total  51                 3  5.9  545  22                 4.0 

MALIGNANT  TUMORS,   COLORED  PATIENTS. 

Medical 37                 8  21.6  13  3  23.1 

Surgical   82               23  28.0  88  8                 9.1 

Gynecological •  •  •  ■  102  12  11.8 

Total   119                31  26.1  203  23  11.3 


36  Frederick  Li  Hoffman. 

These  tables  are  self-explanatory  and  require  no  extended  discus- 
sion. The  results  are  rather  conflicting  and  not  entirely  conclusive. 
For  illustration,  the  mortality  rate  in  benign  tumors  was  7.7  per 
cent  for  white  medical  cases,  against  11.0  per  cent  for  surgical  cases: 
but  for  white  females  the  mortality  rate  for  medical  cases  was  11.1 
per  cent,  against  8.7  per  cent  for  surgical  cases  and  3.1  per  cent  for 
gynecological  cases.  For  malignant  tumors  the  mortality  rate  for 
white  male  medical  cases  was  11.8  per  cent,  against  15.1  per  cent 
for  surgical  cases;  but  the  corresponding  rates  for  white  females. 
were  15.1  per  cent  for  medical  cases,  9.5  per  cent  for  surgical  cases, 
and  11.2  per  cent  for  gynecological  cases.  Some  interesting  con- 
trasts are  presented  in  the  white  and  colored  mortality  rates,  but 
these  cannot  be  discussed  here  in  detail.  Xor  is  it  possible,  on  account 
of  the  required  brevity,  to  enlarge  upon  the  mortality  rate  in  the  dif- 
ferent forms  of  cancer,  which,  however,  are  given  in  full  detail  in 
the  alphabetical  tables  of  the  Statistical  Appendix  (Tables  12-11  and 
50-52). 

Special  Statistics  of  Admission  and  Mortality.  Malignant  Tumors. — - 
To  facilitate  the  study  of  the  statistics  of  malignant  tumors,  I  have 
abstracted  the  same  from  the  annual  reports,  separately,  by  single 
years.  The  facts  are  given  in  detail  in  Tables  51-57  of  the  Statisti- 
cal Appendix,  together  with  the  admission  rates  per  10,000  of  popu- 
lation, and  the  mortality  rates  according  to  color  and  sex.  Having 
reference  only  to  the  death  rate,  it  is  shown  that  for  all  cases  of  malig- 
nant tumors  combined,  the  rate  has  remained  practically  the  same 
for  white  patients,  but  for  colored  patients  the  rate  has  increased 
for  males,  but  decreased  considerably  for  females.  The  admission 
rates  for  malignant  tumors  have  increased  for  white  male  patients 
from  1.1  to  1.8  per  10,000  of  population,  comparing  the  last  ten 
years  with  the  previous  decade,  but  the  admission  rates  decreased 
for  white  female  patients  from  5.8  to  1.2.  For  colored  male  patients 
the  admission  rates  have  increased  from  2.3,  during  the  first  decade, 
to  3.2  during  the  last,  but  for  colored  females  the  admission  rates 
increased  only  from  1.1  to  1.5. 

As  shown  in  the  preceding  table,  the  number  of  admissions  of  female 
colored  patients  for  benign  tumors  has  largely  exceeded  the  admis- 
sions for  malignant  tumors,  or,  to  be  precise,  the  former  numbered 
545  during  the  last  decade,  against  203  for  the  latter.  In  contrast, 
the  number  of  white  females  admitted  for  malignant  tumors  consider- 
ably exceeded  the  number  of  patients  admitted  for  benign  tumors. 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  37 

or,  to  be  precise,  the  former  numbered  981,  against  750  for  the  latter. 
In  the  case  of  both  white  and  colored  males  the  number  of  admissions 
for  malignant  tumors  far  exceeded  the  number  of  admissions  for 
benign  tumors,  but  at  present  no  explanation  can  be  given  for  these 
rather  curious,  though  interesting,  differences  in  the  tumor  admission 
rates,  according  to  color  and  sex. 

Comparative  Mortality  in  Medical  and  Surgical  Cases  of  Injuries. 
The  discussion  of  the  comparative  mortality  of  medical  and  surgi- 
cal cases  must  here  be  concluded  by  a  brief  reference  to  injuries.  For 
white  males  the  mortality  rate  in  injury  cases  was  5.3  per  cent  for 
medical  cases,  against  5.6  per  cent  for  surgical  cases.  The  corre- 
sponding mortality  rate  for  females  was  nil  for  medical  cases,  but 
12  per  cent  for  surgical  cases. 

Comparative  Mortality  in  Colored  Medical  and  Surgical  Cases. — 
It  would  not  seem  necessary  to  discuss  in  similar  detail  the  compara- 
tive mortality  of  colored  medical  and  surgical  cases,  except  as  has 
been  done  in  the  tabular  presentation  of  the  experience  data  for 
appendicitis  and  tumors.  As  has  been  pointed  out,  the  terms  medical 
and  surgical  are  not  precisely  defined,  and  it  is  quite  possible  that 
serious  medical  cases  have  been  reported  as  surgical,  merely  because 
of  some  simple,  but  necessary,  surgical  operation.  It  would  be  a  most 
useful  contribution  to  medical  knowledge  if  a  better  definition  of  these 
terms  were  adopted,  if  only  as  an  aid  to  a  more  satisfactory  statistical 
classification. 

Mortality  Bate  in  Gynecological  and  Oostetrical  Cases. — To  a  cer- 
tain extent,  the  same  conclusion  applies  to  gynecological  cases,  which, 
as  shown  by  the  tables,  include  a  large  variety  of  diseases  and  com- 
plications, not  necessarily  peculiar  to  the  sex.  For  obstetrical  cases, 
however,  I  have  prepared  two  special  tables,  showing  details  of  special 
interest  and  importance.  The  tables  are  self-explanatory  and  require 
no  extended  discussion.  For  white  patients  the  mortality  rate  in 
cases  of  operative  labor  was  4.5  per  cent,  while  for  colored  patients 
the  rate  was  6.9  per  cent.  For  spontaneous  and  premature  labor  the 
mortality  rate  was  1.8  per  cent  for  white  patients,  against  2.7  per 
cent  for  colored.  In  further  contrast,  however,  in  cases  admitted  in 
a  post-partum  condition,  the  death  rate  was  16.7  per  cent  for  white 
patients,  against  28.6  per  cent  for  the  colored.  Because  of  the  peculiar 
fact,  for  which  I  am  not  prepared  to  offer  an  explanation,  that  the 
class  of  patients  admitted  varied  considerably  for  the  two  races,  the 


38  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

death  rate  for  all  cases  is  higher  for  white  obstetrical  cases  (1.9  per 
cent)  than  for  the  colored  (1.5  per  cent).  This  difference  provides 
an  excellent  illustration  of  statistical  fallacies,  when  conclusions  are 
arrived  at  upon  the  basis  of  mere  numbers,  without  reference  to  the 
constituent  units,  which  should  always  be  taken  into  account  and 
subjected  to  critical  analysis.  If  the  number  of  white  obstetrical 
cases  admitted  had  been  distributed  according  to  the  condition  on 
admission,  in  the  same  manner  as  the  colored,  the  corrected  white 
death  rate  would  have  been  1.4  per  cent,  instead  of  1.9  per  cent,  as 
actually  shown,  according  to  the  tables.  If  the  colored  admissions 
had  been  distributed  in  the  same  manner  as  the  white  patients,  the 
corrected  colored  death  rate  would  have  been  2.0  per  cent,  instead  of 
1.5  per  cent,  as  shown,  according  to  the  tables.  In  part,  this  curious 
result  is  due  to  the  fact  that  the  proportion  of  cases  of  operative 
labor  was  15.4  per  cent  of  the  total  for  white  patients,  against  12.1 
per  cent  for  the  colored.  Since  the  death  rate  in  this  group  is  con- 
siderably above  the  average,  the  rate  for  all  cases  is  materially 
increased  by  this  larger  proportion.  The  same  is  true  of  cases  of 
abortion,  which,  for  white  patients,  formed  10.8  per  cent  of  the  total, 
against  only  6.2  per  cent  for  the  colored.  The  death  rate  in  this 
group  was  4.7  per  cent  for  the  white  patients,  against  only  1.1  per 
cent  for  the  colored.  The  tables  are  an  interesting  contribution  to 
obstetrical  knowledge  and  are  deserving  of  careful  study,  with  the 
suggestion  of  a  more  extended  inquiry  into  the  mortality  in  preg- 
nancy according  to  race. 

Some  Anomalies  in  Hospital  Experience. — There  are  many  other  in- 
teresting anomalies  in  the  actual  and  relative  admissions  for  specified 
causes,  according  to  sex  and  race,  but  since  all  of  the  facts  are  given 
in  detail  in  the  alphabetical  tables,  they  need  only  be  very  briefly 
referred  to.  Perhaps  the  most  interesting  disclosure  of  the  analysis 
is  the  much  higher  proportion  of  male  admissions  for  pernicious 
anaemia,  amoebic  dysentery,  catarrhal  jaundice,  malarial  fever,  and 
other  diseases  probably  of  tropical  or  subtropical  origin.  These 
admissions  are  of  more  than  local  significance,  since  it  is  practically 
certain  that  many  Americans  returning  from  the  Panama  Canal 
Zone,  Porto  Eico,  Cuba,  etc.,  are  materially  impaired  in  health  on 
account  of  tropical  residence.  Another  suggestive  contrast  in  the 
number  of  admissions  is  found  in  exophthalmic  goiter,  although  it 
is  well  known  that  this   affliction  is   more   common   among  women 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  39 

than  men.*  Finally,  attention  may  be  drawn  to  the  fact  that  there 
were  37  admissions  on  account  of  lead-poisoning  for  white  males, 
against  only  one  such  admission  for  white  females.  A  further  analysis 
by  occupations  could  possibly  be  made,  which  would  add  to  our  in- 
formation regarding  the  occurrence  of  industrial  lead-poisoning  in 
different  sections  of  the  country. 

Dispensary  Statistics. — The  statistics  of  institutional  morbidity, 
as  thus  far  discussed,  are  more  or  less  impaired  in  value  by  the 
fact  that  they  do  not  include  the  entire  hospital  admissions  of  the 
city  of  Baltimore,  and  furthermore  by  the  omission  of  dispensary 
cases,  which,  no  doubt,  include  many  patients  more  or  less  suitable 
for  ward  treatment.  It  has  not  been  feasible  to  give  extended  con- 
sideration to  the  dispensary  statistics,  partly  because  the  informa- 
tion is  not  given  by  race,  which,  as  pointed  out  in  the  earlier  dis- 
cussion, is  absolutely  essential  for  a  full  understanding  of  the 
relative  importance  of  particular  facts.  It  has  seemed,  however,  ad- 
visable to  bring  the  available  statistics  together  in  a  form  convenient 
for  future  reference,  and,  accordingly,  the  facts  are  presented  in 
Tables  62-70  of  the  Appendix.  The  tables  differentiate  the  patients 
treated  in  the  fourteen  departments,  excluding  the  statistics  of  the 
Eoentgen-ray  treatment,  radiographs,  and  fluoroscopic  examinations, 
which  are  given  in  detail  in  Table  71.  It  need  only  to  be  stated  that 
the  number  of  dispensary  cases  increased  from  592,458,  during  the 
decade  ending  with  1901,  to  720,674,  during  the  decade  ending  with 
1911,  to  emphasize  the  practical  importance  of  a  complete  analysis 
of  hospital  statistics  of  this  kind. 

X-Ray  Department  Statistics. — With  reference  to  the  statistics  of 
the  X-Ray  Department,  it  may  be  stated  that  during  the  period  1903- 
1911,  476  cases  were  treated,  including  7,282  treatments,  and  15,026 
radiographs  were  made  and  995  fluoroscopic  examinations. 

Financial  Statistics. — It  has  also  not  been  feasible  to  present  an 
analysis  of  the  financial  statistics  of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital, 
which  have  only  been  given  in  detail  in  the  report  for  1912,  but  in 
an  admirable  manner,  with  the  comparative  data  for  the  four  previous 
years.  These  tables  are  self-explanatory  and  emphasize  some  of  the 
more  important  facts  of  hospital  experience  from  a  financial  point 
of  view,  it  being  shown,  among  other  facts,  that  the  average  gross  cost 

*  The  admission  rate  for  white  males  being  0.3  per  10,000  of  population 
as  against  0.1  for  colored  males;  and  for  white  females  1.0  against  0.2 
for  the  colored. 


40  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

per  patient  per  day  increased  from  $2.88  in  1907  to  $3.61  in  1911, 
and  the  net  cost  increased  from  $1.26  in  1907  to  $1.69  in  1911.  An 
excellent  table  contained  in  the  1912  report  gives  the  expenses  of  the 
hospital,  in  detail,  for  all  of  the  important  items,  and  also  for  the 
five-year  period  1907-1911.  In  course  of  time  this  information  must 
become  exceedingly  valuable  to  the  student  of  hospital  economics, 
efficiency  and  methods  of  treatment,  related  to  cost.* 

Average  Number  of  Days  of  Treatment. — For  the  purpose  of  pre- 
senting in  a  convenient  form  the  aggregate  experience  of  The  Johns 
Hopkins  Hospital  during  the  last  twenty  years,  with  reference  to 
patients  treated  and  the  number  of  days  of  treatment,  as  well  as  the 
average  for  each  }rear,  I  have  abstracted  the  required  information 
from  the  several  annual  reports,  and  the  same  are  given  in  detail  in 
Table  61  of  the  Statistical  Appendix.  According  to  this  table,  the 
average  number  of  days  of  treatment  decreased  from  24.2  during  the 
first  decade  to  22.1  during  the  last.  The  highest  average  occurred 
in  1892,  or  27.4  days,  and  the  lowest  in  1911,  or  19.3  days.  Unfor- 
tunately, the  number  of  days  of  treatment  is  not  given  by  particular 
causes,  which  for  medical,  as  well  as  for  economic,  purposes  would 
be  quite  useful.  It  is  well  known,  of  course,  that  the  average  dura- 
tion of  sickness  varies  with  the  different  causes  of  sickness,  but  con- 
cerning the  exact  duration  there  is  as  yet,  at  least  for  the  United 
States,  very  little  trustworthy  information.  To  provide  the  data  for 
an  estimate  as  regards  the  economic  cost  of  sickness,  it  is  necessary 
that  the  duration  of  sickness,  whether  institutional  or  otherwise,  as 
well  as  the  approximate  cost  thereof,  should  be  known.  Given  the 
average  duration  and  the  average  cost  per  patient  per  day,  it  is  feasi- 
ble to  calculate  the  economic  cost  of  sickness  due  to  particular  causes 
with  approximate  accuracy,  which  is  about  all  that  is  required  to  be 
shown. 

Conclusions. — In  concluding  this  analysis  of  The  Johns  Hopkins 
Hospital  experience,  I  desire  to  express  my  profound  appreciation  of 
the  person,  unknown  to  me,  who,  with  remarkable  foresight,  estab- 
lished the  existing  statistical  basis  for  an  intelligent  presentation  of 
the  facts.  I  am  not  aware  of  any  other  hospital  in  the  United  States 
for  which  the  required  information  is  presented  in  an  equally  admi- 
rable manner,  and  out  of  the  experience  of  which  so  much  useful  in- 
formation can  be  drawn,  not  only  for  the  benefit  of  the  student  of 

*  See  table  72  of  the  Statistical  Appendix. 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  41 

medicine  and  surgery,  but  also  for  students  of  economics  and  insur- 
ance. If  the  analysis,  as  here  presented,  facilitates  the  scientific  study 
of  medicine  in  its  larger  aspects  as  a  community  problem,  I  shall  feel 
amply  repaid  for  the  labor  necessary  to  present  the  facts  in  a  more 
convenient  form  than  in  the  annual  reports,  which  must  necessarily 
be  accessible  only  to  the  few.  Much,  however,  is  gained  by  a  consoli- 
dation of  the  facts  for  a  period  of  sufficient  length,  and  I  feel  that 
the  combined  data  for  the  last  decade  meet  all  reasonable  statistical, 
as  well  as  medical,  requirements.  By  presenting  the  experience  of  a 
large  hospital,  typical  of  modern  methods  of  medical  and  surgical  treat- 
ment, in  a  convenient  form,  a  basis  has  been  provided  for  a  begin- 
ning, at  least,  in  modern  uniform  hospital  statistics,  which  are  abso- 
lutely necessary  as  an  aid  towards  the  study  of  medical  problems  in 
their  relation  to  broad  questions  of  public  policy.  It  is  also  to  be  hoped 
that  as  the  result  of  this  investigation  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital 
may  be  induced  to  adopt  the  Bellevue  Hospital  classification,  as  prac- 
tically the  most  suitable  for  medical  and  other  purposes.  In  return,  the 
hope  may  be  indulged  that  Bellevue  Hospital,  and  other  great  hospitals 
throughout  the  country  as  well,  may  be  induced  to  adopt,  in  their 
reports,  the  method  of  statistical  presentation  which  has  been  suc- 
cessfully carried  forward  from  year  to  year  by  The  Johns  Hopkins 
Hospital  from  its  beginning,  and  which,  if  adopted  by  other  insti- 
tutions, would  bring  order  out  of  chaos  and  make  the  enormous 
amount  of  hospital  experience  really  useful  to  the  student  of  medi- 
cine, as  well  as  of  many  other  branches  of  learning,  vitally  interested 
in  the  facts  which  have  a  much  broader  social  and  economic  signifi- 
cance than  is  usually  assumed  to  be  the  case. 


42  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

List  of  Eeferences  to  Address  on  the  Statistical  Experience 
Data  of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital,  1892-1911. 

The  Eelation  of  the  Hospital  to  Medical  Education  and  Eesearch,  by 
William  H.  Welch,  M.  D.,  Journal  of  the  American  Medical 
Association,  August  17,  1907. 

Comparative  Study  of  the  Eoutine  Treatment  of  Certain  Diseases  in 
Four  of  the  Large  New  York  Hospitals,  by  Henry  P.  Loomis, 
M.  D.,  New  York  Medical  Eecord,  January  10,  1903. 

A  Bureau  of  Hospital  Information,  by  M.  E.  McCalmont,  The 
Dietetic  &  Hygienic  Gazette. 

Symposium  on  Hospital  Statistics,  etc.,  Journal  of  the  American 
Medical  Association,  November,  1912. 

Eeport  on  Death  Certification,  ordered  to  be  printed  by  the  House 
of  Commons,  August  15  and  September  1,  1893,  London,  1893. 

A  Plea  for  a  More  Liberal  Nomenclature  of  the  Naval  Medical 
Service,  Navy  Medical  Bulletin,  January,  1912. 

Nomenclature  of  Diseases  Prepared  for  the  Use  of  the  Medical  Offi- 
cers of  the  United  States  Medical  Hospital  Service,  Washington, 
1874. 

International  Classification  of  Causes  of  Sickness  and  Death,  pub- 
lished by  the  Division  of  Vital  Statistics,  Bureau  of  the  Census, 
Washington,  1910. 

Annual  Eeports  of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital,  1892-1911. 

Tenth  Annual  Eeport  Bellevue  and  Allied  Hospitals,  State  of  New 
York,  1912. 

Discussion  on  Nosography,  Transactions  New  York  State  Medical 
Association,   1888. 

Practical  Conditions  Concerning  the  Human  Nosography,  by  J.  W. 
S.  Gouley,  Transactions  of  the  International  Medical  Congress, 
Washington,  1887. 

Address  on  Human  Nosography,  by  J.  W.  S.  Gouley,  M.  D.,  New 
York  State  Medical  Association,  1887. 

*  The  list  of  references  includes  quite  a  number  of  works  not  referred  to 
in  the  text  but  made  use  of  in  the  preparation  of  the  paper,  with  particular 
reference  to  the  importance  of  disease  registration  and  the  practical  utility 
of  institutional  and  other  morbidity  records  as  an  aid  towards  the  more  suc- 
cessful solution  of  pressing  problems  of  labor,  social  service,  medicine, 
public  health  and  insurance. 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  43 

Nomenclature  for  the  Different  Classes  of  Infectious  Diseases,  by 
W.  H.  Thomson,  Transactions  New  York  Academy  of  Medicine, 
1894. 

Statistics  of  Health,  by  T.  E.  Edmonds,  Report  of  the  Proceedings 
of  the  Fourth  Session  of  the  International  Statistical  Congress, 
London,  1861. 

Eeport  on  Nomenclature  of  Diseases,  by  Dr.  Francis  G.  Smith,  New 
York  Medical  Record,  1872. 

The  Budapest  System  of  Death  Classification,  by  Frederick  L.  Hoff- 
man, American  Journal  of  Public  Hygiene,  February,  1910. 

Eeport  of  Committee  on  Classification  of  Diseases  and  Causes  of 
Death,  Proceedings  American  Association  of  Medical  Examiners, 
June,  1909. 

Eeport  of  Committee  on  Scientific  Nomenclature,  ^sew  York  Medical 
Eecord,  June  12,  1909. 

Unsatisfactory  Eeturns  of  Causes  of  Death,  Monthly  Bulletin  of  the 
State  Board  of  Health  of  Michigan,  December,  1908. 

A  Simple,  Efficient,  and  Elastic  System  for  Indexing  Case  Histories 
and  Filing  Current  Literature  and  References,  New  York  Medi- 
cal Record,  November  2,  1912. 

Report  of  the  Committee  on  Clinical  Nomenclature,  Vincent  Y. 
Bowditch,    Chairman    (n.  d.). 

The  Nomenclature  and  Classification  of  Diseases,  by  Surgeon-Gen- 
eral George  M.  Sternberg,  U.  S.  Army,  March,  1895. 

The  Nomenclature  of  Diseases,  Journal  American  Medical  Associa- 
tion, August  8,  1896. 

Report  on  the  Registration  of  Prevalent  Diseases,  by  T.  W.  Draper, 
M.D.,  Boston,  1876. 

Systematic  Study  of  the  Causes  of  Sickness  and  Death,  by  H.  B. 
Baker,  M.  D.,  Lansing,  Mich.,  1881. 

Digest  of  the  Laws  and  Regulations  of  the  Various  States  Relating 
to  the  Reporting  of  Causes  of  Sickness,  by  John  W.  Trask, 
Government  Printing  Office,  Washington,  1911. 

Some  of  the  Defects  in  the  Present  System  of  Registration  of  Deaths 
in  England  and  Wales,  by  Arthur  Ransome,  Manchester,  England, 
1867. 

Inquest  Under  National  Authority,  Senate  Report,  No.  517  Fiftieth 
Congress,  First  Session,  March  12,  1888. 


44  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

A  Eeport  on  a  Uniform  System  of  Eegistration  of  Causes  of  Death 
Throughout  the  United  States,  by  Charles  P.  Eussell,  M.  D., 
New  York. 

New  Tables  issued  by  the  Local  Government  Board  and  Schedule  of 
Causes  of  Death,  London,  1901. 

Eeport  on  Uniform  System  of  Births  and  Deaths  Eegistrations,  House 
of  Eepresentatives,  Fifty-seventh  Congress,  First  Session,  Eeport 
No.  1932,  May  7,  1902. 

Eelation  of  Physicians  to  Mortality  Statistics,  U".  S.  Census  Office, 
Washington,  1903. 

Manual  of  the  International  List  of  Causes  of  Death,  Government 
Printing  Office,  Washington,  D.  C,  1911.    Eeprint  1913. 

Defects  in  Eegistration,  by  F.  D.  Beagle,  New  York  State  Depart- 
ment of  Health,  Albany,  1908. 

Eeport  on  Diseases  in  the  Philadelphia  Dispensary,  The  Philadelphia 
Medical  Museum,  Yol.  I,  Philadelphia,  1805. 

Observations  on  the  Statistics  of  Sickness,  Insurance  Monitor,  New 
York,  1884. 

A  Study  of  Diseases,  by  Dr.  E.  S.  Keelor,  Proceedings  National  Asso- 
ciation of  Accident  Underwriters,  July  8,  1903. 

Sickness  Experience  in  Friendly  Societies,  British  Medical  Journal, 
August  13,  1910. 

Statistics  of  Puerperal  Fever  and  Allied  Infectious  Diseases,  by 
George  Geddes,  Bristol,  1912. 

Annual  Eeports  of  the  Metropolitan  Asylum  Board,  London. 

The  Hospital  and  the  Community,  Journal  American  Medical  Asso- 
ciation. June  13,  1908. 

Essay  and  Paper  on  Some  Fallacies  of  Statistics,  by  Henry  W.  Eum- 
sey,  M.  D.,  London,  1875. 

Manual  on  the  International  List  of  Causes  of  Death  for  Official  Use, 
London,  1912. 

The  Nomenclature  of  Diseases  drawn  up  by  a  Joint  Committee  ap- 
pointed by  the  Eoyal  College  of  Physicians  of  London,  3d  edition, 
London,  1896;  4th  edition,  London,  1906. 

The  Bellevue  Hospital  Nomenclature  of  Diseases  and  Conditions, 
with  Eules  for  the  Eecording  and  Filing  of  Eeturns,  New  York, 
1911. 

Nomenclature  of  Diseases  and  Injuries,  adopted  by  the  Medical  De- 
partment of  the  LT.  S.  Navy,  Government  Printing  Office,  Wash- 
ington, 1912. 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  45 

Wasted  Records  of  Disease,  by  Charles  E.  Paget,  published  by  Edward 

Arnold,  London,  1897. 
Statistics  of  Benevolent  Institutions  of  the  United  States,  The  Survey, 

New  York,  February  15,  1913. 
Special  Eeport  on  Benevolent  Institutions,  by  John  Koren,  Expert 

Special  Agent,  Bureau  of  the  Census,  Washington,  1905. 
Proposals  for  an  Uniform  Plan  of  Hospital  Statistics,  Proceedings  of 

the   Fourth    Session   of   the    International    Statistical    Congress, 

held  in  London,  July,  1860.     Pub.  London,  1861. 
The  Registration  of  Diseases,  by  William  C.  Rogers,  M.  D.,  Transac- 
tions of  the  Medical  Society  of  the  State  of  New  York,  Albany, 

1859. 
Statistics  of  Sickness  Derived  from  Medical  Experience,  by  Thomas 

C.   Brumsmade,  M.  D.,   Transactions  of  the  Medical   Society  of 

the  State  of  New  York,  Albany,  1858. 
Statistical  Nosology,  Transactions  of  the  Medical  Society  of  the  State 

of  New  York,  Albany,  1858. 
Numerical  Analysis  of  Patients  Treated  in  Guy's  Hospital,  1854-61, 

Journal  of  the  Royal  Statistical  Society,  Vol.  XXIV,  1861. 
Report  on  the  Mortality  of  London  Hospitals,  Journal  of  the  Royal 

Statistical  Society,  Vol.  XXX,  London,  1867. 
The  Importance  of  Collecting  Hospital  Records,  by  Robert  D.  Cough- 

lin,  New  York  Medical  Record,  ATol.  IX,  1911. 
The    Mortality    of   Hospitals,    General   and    Special,    in   the   United 

Kingdom  in  Past  and  Present,  Journal  of  the  Royal  Statistical 

Society,  Vol.  XL,  London,  1877. 
Report  on  the  Hospitals  of  the  United  Kingdom,  John  S.  Bristowe, 

M.  D.,  and  Timothy  Holmes,  Privy  Council,  Medical  Report,  Lon- 
don, 1863. 
Sickness  Statistics,  by  H.  B.  Baker,  Lansing,  Mich.,  1892. 
A  National  System  of  Notification  and  Registration  of  Sickness,  by 

Arthur  Newsholme,  M.  D.,   Jour.  Royal  Stat.  Soc,  March,  1896, 

Vol.  LIX. 
Sickness  Statistics  Report  of  the  Committee  on  Vital  Statistics  of 

the  National  Conference  of  State  Boards  of  Health,  by  Henry 

B.  Baker,  M.  D.,  Lansing,  Mich.,  1892. 
The    Defects    of    Medical    Terminology,    British    Medical    Journal, 

September  21,  1912. 
Air,  Food  and  Exercise,  by  Rabaglati,  New  York,  1904.      (Includes 

important  discussion  of  terms,  definitions,  etc.) 
4 


46  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

Diseases  of  the  House  Officers  in  Hospitals,  Journal  American  Medi- 
cal Association,  December   19,  1903. 

Nosology  of  Diseases  Arranged  in  their  Classes,  etc.,  by  W.  Cullen, 
London,  1808. 

A  Synopsis  of  Nosology,  by  W.  Cullen,  translated  by  Henry  Wilkes, 
Philadelphia,  1793. 

Dictionary  of  Medicine,  by  Gould  and  Pyle,  Philadelphia,  1907. 

Hospital  Morbidity  Statistics,  by  C.  F.  Bolduan,  New  York  Medical 
Journal,  March  29,  1913. 

Morbidity  and  Morphology,  by  E.  B.  Bean,  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital 
Bulletin,  December,  1912. 

The  Surgical  Peculiarities  of  the  American  Negro,  by  E.  Matas,  Trans- 
actions of  the  American  Surgical  x\ssociation, -1896. 

Medical  and  Surgical  History  of  the  War  of  the  Bebellion,  by  Surgeon- 
General  J.  K.  Barnes,  Washington,  1870. 

Medical  and  Anthropological  Statistics  of  the  Provost-Marshal-Gen- 
eral's Bureau  of  the  War  of  the  Bebellion,  Washington,  1875. 

Eelation  of  Morbidity  Eeports  to  Public  Health  Administration,  by 
J.  W.  Trask,  M.  D.,  American  Journal  of  Public  Health,  Vol.  Ill, 
No.  5,  May,  1913. 

Morbidity  Eeports,  Their  Purpose  and  Present  Status,  by  John  W. 
Trask,  M.  D.,  Journal  of  the  American  Medical  Association,  Sep- 
tember 20,  1913. 

Eeport  of  the  Special  Committee  on  Morbidity  and  Mortality  Statistics 
in  the  United  Kingdom,  Journal  of  the  Eoyal  Statistical  Society, 
July,  1913. 

The  Promotion  of  Uniformity  in  the  Eegistration  of  Diseases  in  Hos- 
pitals, E.  F.  Tobin,  Medical  Press  and  Circular,  Vol.  LXXV,  1908. 

Benevolent  Hospitals  in  Metropolitan  Boston;  William  H.  Mahoney, 
Quar.  Pubs.  American  Statistical  Association,  June,  1913. 

Age  Incidence,  Sox,  and  Comparative  Frequency  in  Disease,  James  G. 
Andrew,  Glasgow,  1909. 

Eeport  of  the  Local  Government  Board  on  Statistics  of  the  Incidence 
of  Notifiable  Infectious  Diseases  in  Each  Sanitary  District  in 
England  and  Wales.    London,  1913. 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  47 

Statistical  Appendix  to  Address  on  the  Statistical  Experience 
Data  of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital,  1892-1911. 

TABLES. 

1.  Summary  table  of  patients  treated,  with  recovery  and  mortality  data, 

1892-1911. 

Section  A. 

2.  Summary  table  for  white  patients,  1892-1911. 

3.  White  medical  cases,  1892-1911. 

4.  White  surgical  cases,  1892-1911. 

5.  White  gynecological  and  obstetrical  cases,  1892-1911. 

6.  White  patients  treated,  and  mortality,  ages  under  15. 

7.  do.  15-24. 

8.  do.  25-34. 

9.  do.  35-44. 

10.  do.  45-54. 

11.  do.  55-64. 

12.  do.  65  and  over. 

Section  B. 

13.  Summary  table  for  colored  patients,  1892-1911. 

14.  Colored  medical  cases,  1892-1911. 

15.  Colored  surgical  cases,  1892-1911. 

16.  Colored  gyncological  and  obstetrical  cases,  1892-1911. 

17.  Colored  patients  treated,  and  mortality,  ages  under  15. 

18.  do.  15-24. 

19.  do.  25-34. 

20.  do.  35-44. 

21.  do.  45-54. 

22.  do.  55-64. 

23.  do.  65  and  over. 

Section  C.  • 

24.  Admission  rates,  white  patients,  by  causes  and  conditions,  1902-1911. 

25.  Admission  rates,  colored  patients,  by  causes  and  conditions. 

26.  Comparative  admission  rates,  by  causes — white  medical. 

27.  do.  white  surgical. 

27A.  do.  gynecological  and  obstetrical. 

28.  do.  colored  medical. 

29.  do.  colored  surgical. 

29A.  do.  colored  gynecological  and  ob- 

stetrical. 


48  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

Section  D. 

30.  Percentage  distribution  of  admissions,  by  causes — white,  1902-1911. 

31.  do.  white  medical. 

32.  do.  white  surgical. 

33.  do.  white     gynecological 

and  obstetrical. 

34.  Percentage  distribution  of  admissions,  by  causes — colored. 

35.  •  *  do.  colored  medical. 

36.  do.  colored  surgical. 

37.  do.  colored   gynecological 

and  obstetrical. 

Section  E. 

38.  Summary  of  admissions  and  mortality,  by  causes — white,  1902-1911. 

39.  do.  white  medical. 

40.  do.  white  surgical. 

41.  do.  white  gynecological. 

42.  Admissions  and  mortality,  alphabetically  arranged — white  medical. 

43.  do.  white  surgical. 

44.  do.  white      gynecolog- 

ical. 

45.  Summary  of  white  obstetrical  cases,  1904-1911. 

Section  F. 

46.  Summary  of  admissions  and  mortality,  by  causes — colored,  1902-1911. 

47.  do.  colored  medical. 

48.  do.  colored  surgical. 

49.  do.  colored      gynecologi- 

cal. 

50.  Admissions  and  mortality,  alphabetically  arranged — colored  medical. 

51.  do.  colored  surgical. 

52.  do.  colored  gynecologi- 

cal. 

53.  Summary  of  colored  obstetrical  cases,  1904-1911. 

Section  G. 

54.  Supplementary  table  on  malignant  tumors,  admission  rate — white. 

55.  do.  colored. 

56.  Supplementary  table  on  malignant  tumors,  mortality  rate — white. 

57.  do.  colored. 

58.  Baltimore  population  statistics,  by  sex  and  race,  1892-1911. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


49 


Section  G. — Continued. 

59.  Baltimore  mortality  statistics,  by  sex  and  race,   1902-1911. 

60.  Baltimore  mortality  from  tuberculosis  and  other  causes,  1907-1911. 

61.  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital  statistics  of  days'  treatment,  1892-1911. 

62.  Dispensary  statistics — Medical  and  surgical  departments,  1892-1911. 


63. 

64. 
65. 

66. 

67. 
68. 
69. 
70. 


do. 
do. 
do. 

do. 
do. 
do. 
do. 
do. 


Gynecological  and  obstetrical  departments. 
Children's  and  orthopedic  departments. 
Dermatological  and  department  of  venereal  dis- 
eases. 
Ophthalmological  and  otological  departments. 
Genito-urinary  and  laryngological  departments. 
Neurological  and  hospital  cases. 
Phipps  Dispensary — total  treated. 
Summary  for  last  20  years. 


71.  Statistics  of  X-ray  department. 

72.  Financial  statistics,  1889-1911. 


MORTALITY  AND  MORBIDITY  STATISTICS  OF  THE  JOHNS  HOPKINS 
HOSPITAL,  1892-1911. 

Table  1.     Summaby  of  White  and  Colored  Patients. 


Males. 


Females 


Year. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved. 

Per 
cent. 

Died. 

Per 
cent. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved. 

Per 
cent. 

Died. 

i 
Per 
cent- 

1892  .. 

.   1155 

813 

70.4 

94 

8.1 

1098 

773 

70.4 

66 

6.0 

1893  .. 

.   1360 

974 

71.6 

107 

7.9 

1262 

843 

66.8. 

59 

4.7 

1894  .  . 

.   1528 

1064 

69.6 

133 

8.7 

1490 

1022 

68.6 

64 

4.3 

1895  .  . 

.   1821 

1331 

73.1 

143 

7.9 

1565 

1087 

69.5 

93 

5.9 

1896  .  . 

.   1864 

1331 

71.4 

128 

6.9 

1738 

1206 

69.4 

87 

5.0 

1897  .  . 

.   1818 

1308 

71.9 

132 

7.3 

1815 

1313 

72.3 

85 

4.7 

1898  .  . 

.   1930 

1475 

76.4 

137 

7.1 

1885 

1405 

74.5 

102 

5.4 

1899  .. 

.   2099 

1546 

73.7 

160 

7.6 

1975 

1456 

73.7 

94 

4.8- 

1900  .  . 

.   2396 

1733 

72.3 

179 

7.5 

2306 

1641 

71.2 

129 

5.6 

1901  .  . 

.   2236 

1603 

71.7 

199 

8.9 

2127 

1584 

74.5 

96 

4.5 

1902  . . 

.   2028 

1439 

71.0 

181 

8.9 

2136 

1553 

72.7 

123 

5.8 

1903  .  . 

.   2076 

1528 

73.6 

168 

8.1 

2090 

1536 

73.5 

94 

4.5 

1904  .  . 

.   2296 

1659 

72.3 

177 

7.7 

2235 

1668 

74.6 

103 

4.6 

1905  .  . 

.   2041 

1482 

72.6 

153 

7.5 

2183 

1668 

76.4 

90 

4.1 

1906  .  . 

2154 

1492 

69.3 

178 

8.3 

2396 

1829 

76.3 

85 

3.5 

1907  .  . 

.   2268 

1581 

69.7 

176 

7.8 

2591 

1962 

75.7 

95 

3.7 

1908  .  . 

.   2313 

1591 

68.8 

187 

8.1 

2599 

2016 

77.6 

76 

2.9 

1909  .  . 

.  2524 

1757 

69.6 

175 

6.9 

2561 

1970 

76.9 

111 

4.3 

1910  .  . 

.   2595 

1840 

70.9 

159 

6.1 

2672 

2025 

75.8 

99 

3.7 

1911  .  . 

.   2524 

1725 

68.3 

190 

7.5 

2675 

2033 

76.0 

103 

3.9 

1892-01 

.  18207 

13178 

72.4 

1412 

7.8 

17261 

12330 

71.4 

875 

5.1 

1902-11 

.  22819 

16094 

70.5 

1744 

7.6 

24138 

18260 

75.6 

979 

4.1 

50 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


SEC.  A.     WHITE  PATIENTS,  SEX  AND  AGE,  1892-1911. 
Table  2.     Summary  of  "White  Patients. 


Males. 

A 

Females. 

A 

Year. 

r 
Treated. 

Im- 
proved. 

Per 

cent. 

Died. 

Per 
cent. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved. 

Per 
cent. 

Died- 

Per 
cent. 

1892  .  .  . 

.   1006 

723 

71.9 

73 

7.3 

958 

690 

72.0 

46 

4.8 

1893  .  . . 

.   1185 

852 

71.9 

83 

7.0 

1111 

734 

66.1 

48 

4.3 

1894  ... 

.   1335 

937 

70.2 

107 

8.0 

1289 

902 

70.0 

44 

3.4 

1895  .  .  . 

.  1553 

1169 

75.3 

106 

6.8 

1341 

943 

70.3 

66 

4.9 

1896  .  .  . 

.   1578 

1139 

72.2 

100 

6.3 

1452 

1025 

70.6 

68 

4.7 

1897  .  . . 

.   1515 

1100 

72.6 

90 

5.9 

1515 

1113 

73.5 

61 

4.0 

1898  ... 

.   1566 

1226 

78.3 

93 

5.9 

1491 

1119 

75.1 

63 

4.2 

1899  .  .  . 

.   1703 

1260 

74.0 

115 

6.8 

1570 

1159 

73.8 

59 

3.8 

1900  .  . . 

.   1923 

1406 

73.1 

124 

6.4 

1796 

1278 

71.2 

89 

5.0 

1901  .  . . 

.   1804 

1300 

72.1 

137 

7.6 

1616 

1212 

75.0 

58 

3.6 

1902  .  .  . 

.   1653 

1177 

71.2 

128 

7.7 

1633 

1181 

72.3 

85 

5.2 

1903  .  . . 

.   1701 

1256 

73.8 

123 

7.2 

1567 

1141 

72.8 

60 

3.8 

1904  .  . . 

.   1857 

1357 

73.1 

118 

6.4 

1625 

1201 

73.9 

65 

4.0 

1905  .  .  . 

.   1645 

1209 

73.5 

97 

5.9 

1590 

1204 

75.7 

63 

4.0 

1906  .  . . 

.   1741 

1197 

68.7 

128 

7.4 

1714 

1293 

75.4 

50 

2.9 

1907  .  . . 

.   1887 

1314 

69.6 

128 

6.8 

1892 

1424 

75.3 

60 

3.2 

1908  .  .  . 

.   1919 

1338 

69.7 

130 

6.8 

1921 

1472 

76.6 

50 

2.6 

1909  .  .  . 

.   2101 

1443 

68.7 

127 

6.0 

1868 

1431 

76.6 

76 

4.1 

1910  ... 

.   2144 

1518 

70.8 

118 

5.5 

1959 

1440 

73.5 

68 

3.5 

1911  ... 

.  2144 

1473 

68.7 

138 

6.4 

1906 

1428 

74.9 

60 

3.1 

1892-01. 

.  15168 

11112 

73.3 

1028 

6.8 

14139 

10175 

72.0 

602 

4.3 

1902-11. 

.  18792 

13282 

70.7 

1235 

6.6 

17675 

13215 

74.8 

637 

3.6 

Table  3. 

White  Medical  Cases. 

Males. 

Females. 

A 

Year. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved. 

Per 
cent. 

Died. 

Per 
cent. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved. 

Per 
cent. 

Died. 

Per 
cent. 

1892  .  .. 

546 

374 

68.5 

53 

9.7 

226 

154 

68.1 

18 

8.0 

1893  .  . . 

648 

435 

67.1 

53 

8.2 

272 

175 

64.3 

19 

7.0 

1894  .  .  . 

636 

431 

67.8 

73 

11.5 

292 

199 

68.2 

18 

6.2 

1895  .  . . 

700 

522 

74.6 

56 

8.0 

285 

178 

62.5 

32 

11.2 

1896  .  . . 

777 

552 

71.0 

70 

9.0 

328 

214 

65.2 

23 

7.0 

1897  .  . . 

726 

507 

69.8 

50 

6.9 

334 

227 

68.0 

29 

8.7 

1898  .  .  . 

733 

569 

77.6 

48 

6.5 

312 

222 

71.2 

21 

6.7 

1899  .  . . 

777 

548 

70.5 

70 

9.0 

357 

244 

68.3 

17 

4.8 

1900  . . . 

890 

617 

69.3 

75 

8.4 

447 

298 

66.7 

38 

8.5 

1901  .  . . 

866 

589 

68.0 

80 

9.2 

356 

252 

70.8 

21 

5.9 

1902  .  .  . 

737 

522 

70.8 

61 

8.3 

339 

218 

64.3 

33 

9.7 

1903  .  . . 

789 

554 

70.2 

68 

8.6 

374 

270 

72.2 

20 

5.3 

1904  .  .  . 

790 

544 

68.9 

64 

8.1 

347 

240 

69.2 

26 

7.5 

1905  ... 

726 

490 

67.5 

51 

7.0 

326 

209 

64.1 

23 

7.1 

1906  .  . . 

771 

481 

62.4 

67 

8.7 

420 

279 

66.4 

18 

4.3 

1907  . . . 

843 

507 

60.1 

77 

9.1 

426 

266 

64.8 

17 

4.0 

1908  .  .  . 

832 

539 

64.8 

62 

7.5 

453 

294 

64.9 

18 

4.0 

1909  .  .  . 

874 

528 

60.4 

70 

8.0 

477 

281 

58.9 

27 

5.7 

1910  .  .  . 

914 

583 

63.8 

49 

5.4 

530 

320 

60.4 

24 

4.5 

1911  .  .  . 

937 

588 

62.8 

55 

5.9 

494 

303 

61.3 

17 

3.4 

1892-01. 

.   7299 

5144 

70.5 

628 

8.6 

3209 

2163 

67.4 

236 

7.4 

1902-11. 

.   8213 

5336 

65.0 

624 

7.6 

4186 

2680 

64.0 

223 

5.3 

Statistical  Experience  Data. 


51 


Table  4.    White  Surgical  Cases. 


M 

ales. 

Females. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved. 

Per 
cent. 

Died. 

Per 
cent. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved. 

Per 
cent. 

Died. 

Per 
cent. 

460 

349 

75.9 

20 

4.3 

156 

114 

73.1 

7 

4.5 

537 

417 

77.7 

30 

5.6 

203 

145 

71.4 

10 

4.9 

699 

506 

72.4 

34 

4.9 

287 

196 

68.3 

12 

4.2 

853 

647 

75.8 

50 

5.9 

308 

238 

77.3 

8 

2.6 

801 

587 

73.3 

30 

3.7 

313 

235 

75.1 

17 

5.4 

789 

593 

75.2 

40 

5.1 

297 

222 

74.7 

18 

6.1 

833 

657 

78.9 

45 

5.4 

302 

231 

76.5 

15 

5.0 

926 

712 

76.9 

45 

4.9 

306 

224 

73.2 

16 

5.2 

. .   1033 

789 

76.4 

49 

4.7 

359 

243 

67.7 

24 

6.7 

938 

711 

75.8 

57 

6.1 

349 

259 

74.2 

19 

5.4 

916 

655 

71.5 

67 

7.3 

345 

246 

71.3 

16 

4.6 

912 

702 

77.0 

55 

6.0 

363 

252 

69.4 

16 

4.4 

. .   1067 

813 

76.2 

54 

5.1 

398 

294 

73.9 

25 

6.3 

919 

719 

78.2 

46 

5.0 

355 

271 

76.3 

20 

5.6 

970 

716 

73.8 

61 

6.3 

375 

284 

75.7 

18 

4.8 

. .   1044 

807 

77.3 

51 

4.9 

434 

321 

74.0 

29 

6.7 

. .   1087 

799 

73.5 

68 

6.3 

423 

308 

72.8 

19 

4.5 

. .   1227 

915 

74.6 

57 

4.6 

429 

313 

73.0 

33 

7.7 

. .   1230 

935 

76.0 

69 

5.6 

461 

318 

69.0 

26 

5.6 

. .  1207 

885 

73.3 

83 

6.9 

471 

335 

71.1 

21 

4.5 

. .   7869 

5968 

75.8 

400 

5.1 

2880 

2107 

73.2 

146 

5.1 

. .  10579 

7946 

75.1 

611 

5.8 

4054 

2942 

72.6 

223 

5.5 

Table  5.  White  Gynecological  and  Obstetrical  Cases. 

Gynecological  cases.  Obstetrical  cases 

, * ,  , » 

Treated  Im"  Per  Died  Per  Trpiterl           Im"              Per 

ireatect.  provfed-  cent-  Oied.  cent_  lreated.     proved_       cent_ 

576  422  73.3  21  3.6  

636  414  65.1  19  3.0  

710  507  71.4  14  2.0  

748  527  70.5  26  3.5  

801  572  71.4  28  3.5  10      4   40.0 

785  585  74.5  13  1.7  99     79   79.8 

731  542  74.1  26  3.6  146    124   84.9 

771  583  75.6  23  3.0  136    108   79.4 

815  605  74.2  24  2.9  175    132   75.4 

775  597  77.0  17  2.2  136    104   76.5 

747  555  74.3  29  3.9  202    162   80.2 

674  491  72.8  22  3.3  156    128   82.1 

665  481  72.3  12  1.8  215    186   86.5 

662  509  76.9  12  1.8  247    215   87.0 

673  523  77.7  11  1.6  246    207   84.1 

755  585  77.5  11  1.5  277    252   91.0 

719  586  81.5  9  1.3  326    284   87.1 

642  545  84.9  8  1.2  320    292   91.3 

671  536  79.9  13  1.9  297    266   89.6 

595  489  82.2  14  2.4  346    301   87.0 

7348  5354  72.9  211  2.9  702    551   78.5 

6803  5300  77.9  141  2.1  2632    2293   87.1 


Di 


Per 

cent 


1 

1.0 

1 

0.7 

3 

2.2 

3 

1.7 

1 

0.7 

7 

3.5 

2 

1.3 

2 

0.9 

8 

3.2 

3 

1.2 

3 

1.1 

4 

1.2 

8 

2.5 

5 

1.7 

8 

2.3 

9 

1.3 

50 

1.9 

52 


Frederi 

ck  L.  Ho 

ffman. 

Table  6. 

White 

Patients, 

Ages  Under  15. 

Males. 

Females. 

Year. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

1892 

.  .   106 

4 

3.8 

52 

2 

3.8 

1893 

.  .   105 

4 

3.8 

70 

5 

7.1 

1894 

.  .   137 

6 

4.4 

112 

5 

4.5 

1895 

.  .   199 

6 

3.0 

120 

9 

7.5 

1896 

..   222 

6 

2.7 

174 

7 

4.0 

1897 

.  .   203 

11 

5.4 

165. 

6 

3.6 

1898 

.  .   204 

7 

3.4 

184 

8 

4.3 

1899 

.  .   159 

8 

5.0 

90 

5 

5.6 

1900 

.  .   223 

11 

4.9 

130 

9 

6.9 

1901 

.  .   170 

9 

5.3 

109 

7 

6.4 

1902  .... 

.  .   179 

20 

11.1 

95 

9 

9.5 

1903  .... 

.  .   206 

17 

8.3 

116 

5 

4.3 

1904 

.  .   193 

15 

7.8 

106 

12 

11.3 

1905 

..   159 

9 

5.7 

111 

14 

12.6 

1906  .... 

.  .   172 

16 

9.3 

131 

6 

4.6 

1907 

.  .   234 

27 

1-1.5 

128 

14 

10.9 

1908 

.  .   260 

24 

9.2 

129 

12 

9.3 

1909 

.  .   263 

22 

8.4 

137 

22 

16.1 

1910 

.  .   228 

18 

7.9 

153 

12 

7.8 

1911 

..   261 

22 

8.4 

146 

11 

7.5 

1892-01.. 

.  .  1728 

72 

4.2 

1206 

63 

5.2 

1902-11.. 

.  .  2155 

190 

8.9 

1252 

117 

9.3 

Table  7.    White  Patients,  Ages  15-24. 


Males. 

Females. 

Year. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

1892 

.  .   231 

14 

6.1 

209 

7 

3.3 

1893 

.  .   245 

8 

3.3 

272 

10 

3.7 

1894 

.  .   308 

8 

2.6 

314 

7 

2.2 

1895 

8 

2.2 

330 

13 

3.9 

1896 

.  .   364 

12 

3.3 

353 

16 

4.5 

1897 

.  .   357 

22 

6.2 

377 

19 

5.0 

1898  .... 

..   363 

28 

7.7 

404 

16 

4.0 

1899 

.  .   308 

13 

4.2 

345 

6 

1.7 

1900 

.  .   314 

18 

5.7 

418 

13 

3.1 

1901 

.  .   349 

12 

3.4 

348 

7 

2.0 

1902 

.  .   313 

13 

4.2 

354 

19 

5.4 

1903 

.  .   332 

11 

3.3 

354 

9 

2.5 

1904 

.  .   369 

11 

3.0 

406 

8 

2.0 

1905 

.  .   299 

6 

2.0 

418 

6 

1.4 

1906 

.  .   356 

14 

3.9 

549 

8 

1.5 

1907 

.  .   416 

12 

2.9 

550 

10 

1.8 

1908 

.  .   374 

16 

4.3 

599 

6 

1.0 

1909 

.  .   409 

14 

3.4 

533 

10 

1.9 

1910 

.  .   398 

12 

3.0 

558 

13 

2.3 

1911 

.  .   425 

19 

4.5 

567 

8 

1.4 

1892-01.. 

. .  3202 

143 

4.5 

3370 

114 

3.4 

1902-11.. 

.  .  3691 

128 

3.5 

4888 

97 

2.0 

Statistical  Experience  Data.  53 


Table  8.    White  Patients,  Ages  25-34. 
Males. 


Year.  Treated.  Died.  Per  cent.  Treated.  Died.  Per  cent. 

1892 196  19  9.7  293       9  3.1 

1893 270  14  5.2  360       2  0.6 

1894 324  11  3.4  359       4  1.1 

1895 405  12  3.0  370       6  1.6 

1896 401  15  3.7  383  12  3.1 

1897 398  35  8.8  435  25  5.7 

1898 415  42  10.1  400  31  7.8 

1899 367  22  6.0  463  16  3.5 

1900 451  25  5.5  549  12  2.2 

1901 408  21  5.1  476       4  0.8 

1902 352  11  3.1  508  14  2.8 

1903 360  17  4.7  466  13  2.8 

1904 409  20  4.9  466       8  1.7 

1905 357  12  3.4  473  10  2.1 

1906 363  17  4.7  450       9  2.0 

1907 383  22  5.7  552       8  1.4 

1908 359  21  5.8  523  13  2.5 

1909 408  21  5.1  554       7  1.3 

1910 393  14  3.6  518       8  1.5 

1911 417  19  4.6  549  17  3.1 

1892-01 3635  216  5.9  4088  121  3.0 

1902-11....  3801  174  4.6  5059  107  2.1 


Table  9.  White  Patients,  Ages  35-44. 

Males.  Females. 


Year.  Treated.  Died.  Per  cent.  Treated. 

1892 168  13  7.7  195  14  7.2 

1893 223  21  9.4  193  9  4.7 

1894 176  28  15.9  175  12  6.9 

1895 201  33  16.4  185  15  8.1 

1896 200  25  12.5  181  9  4.9 

1897 212  12  5.7  196  5  2.6 

1898 228  9  3.9  199  3  1.5 

1899 338  25  7.4  343  12  3.5 

1900 379  32  8.4  336  19  5.7 

1901 347  26  7.5  359  16  4.5 

1902 284  23  8.1  378  19  5.0 

1903 291  27  9.3  339  15  4.4 

1904 305  19  6.2  337  7  2.1 

1905 284  15  5.3  322  13  4.0 

1906 336  22  6.5  333  12  3.6 

1907 313  20  6.4  356  13  3.7 

1908 310  21  6.8  368  8  2.2 

1909 355  15  4.2  329  16  4.9 

1910 384  21  5.5  361  11  3.0 

1911 342  21  6.1  359  12  3.3 

1892-01 2472  224  9.1  2362  114  4.8 

1902-11 3204  204  6.4  3482  126  3.6 


54 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  10.    White  Patients,  Ages  45-54. 


Males. 

Females. 

Year. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

1892 

.  .   152 

7 

4.6 

118 

11 

9.3 

1893 

.  .   181 

25 

13.8 

128 

16 

12.5 

1894 

.  .   210 

21 

10.0 

152 

7 

4.6 

1895 

.  .   207 

15 

7.2 

145 

13 

9.0 

1896 

.  .   199 

18 

9.0 

155 

15 

9.7 

1897 

.  .   178 

4 

2.2 

161 

1898 

.  .   164 

5 

3.0 

153 

3 

2.6 

1899 

.  .   232 

21 

9.1 

190 

12 

6.3 

1900 

.  .   274 

22 

8.0 

204 

17 

8.3 

1901 

.  .   258 

29 

11.2 

167 

11 

6.6 

1902 

.  .   249 

23 

9.2 

167 

14 

8.4 

1903 

.  .   229 

15 

6.6 

168 

9 

5.4 

1904 

.  .   273 

27 

9.9 

168 

13 

7.7 

1905 

.  .   242 

22 

9.1 

146 

8 

5.5 

1906 

.  .   224 

24 

10.7 

165 

9 

5.5 

1907 

.  .   247 

23 

9.3 

196 

9 

4.6 

1908 

.  .   272 

14 

5.1 

197 

8 

4.1 

1909 

.  .   321 

28 

8.7 

181 

13 

7.2 

1910 

.  .   292 

15 

5.1 

236 

14 

5.9 

1911 

.  .   291 

20 

6.9 

186 

3 

1.6 

1892-01.. 

.  .  2055 

167 

8.1 

1573 

105 

6.7 

1902-11.. 

.  .  2640 

211 

8.0 

1810 

100 

5.5 

Table  11.    White  Patients,  Ages  55-64. 

Males.  Females. 


Year. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

1892 

.  .   100 

7  - 

7.0 

70 

2 

2.9 

1893 

.  .   117 

4 

3.4 

71 

4 

5.6 

1894 

.  .   126 

17 

13.5 

142 

6 

4.2 

1895 

.  .   126 

20 

15.9 

154 

4 

2.6 

1896 

.  .   135 

18 

13.3 

158 

6 

3.8 

1897 

.  .   123 

5 

4.1 

136 

5 

3.7 

1898 

.  .   129 

1 

0.8 

118 

1 

0.8 

1899  .... 

.  .   185 

14 

7.6 

103 

5 

4.9 

1900 

.  .   174 

10 

5.7 

121 

15 

12.4 

1901 

.  .   180 

25 

13.9 

114 

10 

8.8 

1902 

.  .   180 

22 

12.2 

99 

10 

10.1 

1903 

.  .   176 

18 

10.2 

92 

8 

8.7 

1904 

.  .   160 

12 

7.5 

103 

10 

9.7 

1905 

.  .   190 

19 

10.0 

86 

9 

10.5 

1906  .... 

.  .   173 

19 

11.0 

59 

3 

5.1 

1907 

.  .   194 

18 

9.3 

86 

4 

4.7 

1908 

.  .   205 

20 

9.8 

75 

3 

4.0 

1909  .... 

.  .   215 

13 

6.0 

93 

2 

2.2 

1910 

..   261 

25 

9.6 

108 

8 

7.4 

1911 

.  .   242 

19 

7.9 

75 

7 

9.3 

1892-01.. 

.  .  1395 

121 

8.7 

1187 

58 

4.9 

1902-11.. 

.  .  1996 

185 

9.3 

876 

64 

7.3 

Statistical  Experience  Data. 


55 


Table  12. 

White  Patients, 

Ages  65  and 

OVEE. 

Males. 

Females. 

Year. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent 

.  Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

1892  ... 

53 

9 

17.0 

21 

1 

4.8 

1893  .  . . 

44 

7 

15.9 

17 

2 

11.8 

1894  . . . 

54 

16 

29.6 

35 

3 

8.6 

1895  .  . . 

52 

12 

23.1 

37 

6 

16.2 

1896  .  . . 

57 

6 

10.5 

48 

3 

6.3 

1897  . . . 

44 

1 

2.3 

45 

1 

2.2 

1898  .  . . 

63 

1 

1.6 

33 

1 

3.0 

1899  .  . . 

..   114 

12 

10.5 

36 

3 

8.3 

1900  . . . 

..   108 

6 

5.6 

38 

4 

10.5 

1901  .  .  . 

92 

15 

16.3 

43 

3 

7.0 

1902  .  . . 

96 

16 

16.7 

32 

1903  . . . 

..   107 

18 

16.8 

32 

1 

3.1 

1904  ... 

..   148 

14 

9.5 

39 

7 

17.9 

1905  .  . . 

..   114 

14 

12.3 

34 

O 

8.8 

1906  . . . 

..   117 

16 

13.7 

27 

3 

11.1 

1907  ... 

..   100 

6 

6.0 

24 

2 

8.3 

1908  .  . . 

..   139 

14 

10.0 

30 

1909  . . . 

..   130 

14 

10.8 

41 

6 

14.6 

1910  .  .  . 

..   188 

13 

6.9 

25 

2 

8.0 

1911  .  . . 

. . .   166 

18 

10.8 

24 

2 

8.3 

1892-01. 

. ..   681 

85 

12.5 

353 

27 

7.6 

1902-11. 

.  .  .  1305 

143 

11.0 

308 

26 

8.4 

SEC.  B.     COLORED  PATIENTS,  SEX  AND  AGE,  1892-1911. 
Table  13.     Summary  of  Colored  Patients. 


Males. 

Females. 

Year. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved 

Per 
cent. 

Died. 

Per 

cent. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved. 

Per 
cent. 

Died. 

Per' 
cent. 

1892  .... 

149 

90 

60.4 

21 

14.1 

140 

83 

59.3 

20 

14.3 

1893 

175 

122 

69.7 

24 

13.7 

151 

109 

72.2 

11 

7.3 

1894 

193 

127 

65.8 

26 

13.5 

201 

120 

59.7 

20 

10.0 

1895 

268 

162 

60.4 

37 

13.8 

224 

144 

64.3 

27 

12.1 

1896  .  . . 

286 

192 

67.1 

28 

9.8 

286 

181 

63.3 

19 

6.6 

1897  .... 

303 

208 

68.6 

42 

13.9 

300 

200 

66.7 

24 

8.0 

1898  .  .  . 

364 

249 

68.4 

44 

12.1 

394 

286 

72.6 

39 

9.9 

1899  .  . . 

396 

286 

72.2 

45 

11.4 

405 

297 

73.3 

35 

8.6 

1900  ... 

473 

327 

69.1 

55 

11.6 

510 

363 

71.2 

40 

7.8 

1901  .  .  . 

432 

303 

70.1 

62 

14.4 

511 

372 

72.8 

38 

7.4 

1902  ... 

375 

262 

69.9 

53 

14.1 

503 

372 

74.0 

38 

7.6 

1903  . . . 

375 

272 

72.5 

45 

12.0 

523 

395 

75.5 

34 

6.5 

1904  .  . . 

439 

302 

68.8 

59 

13.4 

610 

467 

76.6 

38 

6.2 

1905  . . . 

396 

273 

68.9 

56 

14.1 

593 

464 

78.2 

27 

4.6 

1906  . . . 

413 

295 

71.4 

50 

12.1 

682 

536 

78.6 

35 

5.1 

1907  . . . 

381 

267 

70.1 

48 

12.6 

699 

538 

77.0 

35 

5.0 

1908  .  . . 

394 

253 

64.2 

57 

14.5 

678 

544 

80.2 

26 

3.8 

1909  . . . 

423 

314 

74.2 

48 

11.3 

693 

539 

77.8 

35 

5.1 

1910  ... 

451 

322 

71.4 

41 

9.1 

713 

585 

82.0 

31 

4.3 

1911  ... 

380 

252 

66.3 

52 

13.7 

769 

605 

78.7 

43 

5.6 

1892-01. 

.   3039 

2066 

68.0 

384 

12.6 

3122 

2155 

69.0 

273 

8.7 

1902-11. 

.   4027 

2812 

69.8 

509 

12.6 

6463 

5045 

78.1 

342 

5.3 

56 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  14.    Colored  Medical  Cases. 

Males.  Females 


Year. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved 

Per. 
cent. 

Died 

Per 
cent. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved. 

Per 
cent. 

Died. 

Per 

cent. 

1892  ... 

84 

45 

53.6 

17 

20.2 

39 

18 

46.2 

10 

25.6 

1893  ... 

98 

64 

65.3 

17 

17.3 

35 

21 

60.0 

9 

25.7 

1894  .  .  . 

106 

70 

66.0 

20 

18.9 

50 

25 

50.0 

9 

18.0 

1895  ... 

128 

71 

55.5 

33 

25.8 

62 

35 

56.5 

13 

21.0 

1896  .  .  . 

163 

103 

63.2 

24 

14.7 

80 

43 

53.8 

13 

16.3 

1897  ... 

164 

101 

61.6 

33 

20.1 

66 

37 

56.1 

13 

19.7 

1898  ... 

198 

129 

65.2 

34 

17.2 

96 

62 

64.6 

21 

21.9 

1899  .  . . 

211 

146 

69.2 

34 

16.1 

92 

62 

67.4 

20 

21.7 

1900  . . . 

263 

168 

63.9 

41 

15.6 

124 

68 

54.8 

26 

21.0 

1901  ... 

263 

182 

69.2 

42 

16.0 

113 

71 

62.8 

18 

15.9 

1902  ... 

209 

148 

70.8 

35 

16.7 

115 

73 

63.5 

23 

20.0 

1903  ... 

221 

160 

72.4 

32 

14.5 

91 

65 

71.4 

15 

16.5 

1904  ... 

231 

149 

64.5 

44 

19.0 

94 

54 

57.4 

19 

20.2 

1905  .  . . 

194 

120 

61.9 

35 

18.0 

94 

60 

63.8 

12 

12.8 

1906  ... 

214 

139 

65.0 

31 

14.5 

107 

68 

63.6 

12 

11.2 

1907  ... 

193 

119 

61.7 

35 

18.1 

103 

55 

53.4 

21 

20.4 

1908  .  . . 

207 

121 

58.5 

41 

19.8 

111 

69 

62.2 

14 

12.6 

1909  ... 

219 

149 

G8.0 

31 

14.2 

119 

71 

59.7 

19 

16.0 

1910  ... 

231 

159 

68.8 

27 

11.7 

102 

70 

68.6 

12 

11.8 

1911  ... 

190 

123 

64.7 

31 

16.3 

110 

65 

59.1 

19 

17.3 

1892-01. 

.   1678 

1079 

64.3 

295 

17.6 

757 

442 

58.3 

152 

20.1 

1902-11. 

.   2109 

1387 

65.8 

342 

16.2 

1046 

650 

62.1 

166 

15.9 

Table  15.    Colored  Surgical  Cases. 
Males. 


Females 


Year. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved 

Per 
cent. 

Died. 

Per 
cent. 

Treated. 

Im- 
proved 

Per 
cent. 

Died. 

Per 
cent. 

1892  ... 

65 

45 

69.2 

4 

6.2 

24 

16 

66.7 

5 

20.S 

1893  .  . . 

77 

58 

75.3 

7 

9.1 

33 

28 

84.8 

1 

3.0 

1894  ... 

87 

57 

65.5 

6 

6.9 

54 

28 

51.9 

4 

7.4 

1895  .  .  . 

140 

91 

65.0 

4 

2.9 

52 

37 

71.2 

2 

3.8 

1896  ... 

123 

89 

72.4 

4 

3.3 

62 

37 

59.7 

4 

6.5 

1897  ... 

139 

107 

77.0 

9 

6.5 

53 

38 

71.7 

3 

5.7 

1898  .  . . 

166 

120 

72.3 

10 

6.0 

75 

57 

76.0 

7 

9.3 

1899  .  .  . 

185 

140 

75.7 

11 

5.9 

65 

41 

63.1 

8 

12.3 

1900  .  .  . 

210 

159 

75.7 

14 

6.7 

95 

65 

68.4 

4 

4.2 

1901  .  .  . 

169 

121 

71.6 

20 

11.8 

83 

62 

74.6 

8 

9.6 

1902  .  .  . 

166 

114 

68.7 

18 

10.8 

59 

42 

71.2 

4 

6.8 

1903  .  .  . 

154 

112 

72.7 

13 

8.4 

81 

59 

'  72.8 

7 

8.6 

1904  .  .  . 

208 

153 

73.6 

15 

7.2 

112 

81 

72.3 

10 

8.9 

1905  ... 

202 

153 

75.7 

21 

10.4 

95 

73 

76.8 

5 

5.3 

1906  .  .  . 

199 

156 

78.4 

19 

9.5 

117 

88 

75.2 

13 

11.1 

1907  ... 

188 

148 

78.7 

13 

6.9 

116 

88 

75.9 

7 

6.0 

1908  .  . . 

187 

132 

70.6 

16 

8.6 

120 

91 

75.8 

5 

4.2 

1909  .  . . 

204 

165 

80.9 

17 

8.3 

95 

65 

68.4 

6 

6.3 

1910  .  .. 

220 

163 

74.1 

14 

6.4 

119 

87 

73.1 

11 

9.2 

1911  .  .. 

190 

129 

67.9 

21 

11.1 

159 

122 

76.7 

11 

6.9 

1892-01. 

.   1361 

987 

72.5 

89 

6.5 

596 

409 

68.6 

46 

7.7 

1902-11. 

.   1918 

1425 

74.3 

167 

8.7 

1073 

796 

74.2 

79 

7.4 

Statistical  Experience  Data. 


57 


Table  16.    Colored  Gynecological  and  Obstetrical  Cases. 


Gynecolc 

gical  case 

Obstetrical  ease 

Year. 

Treated 

Im- 

Per 

Died.  Perr 

Treated. 

Im- 

Per 

Died. 

Per 

proved 

cent. 

cent. 

proved. 

cent. 

cent. 

1892  ... 

77 

49 

63.6 

5   6.5 

1893  .  .  . 

83 

60 

72.3 

1   1.2 

1894  .  . . 

97 

67 

69.1 

7   7.2 

1895  .  .  . 

110 

72 

65.5 

12  10.9 

1896  .  .  . 

128 

90 

70.3 

2   1.6 

16 

11 

68.8 

1897  .  .  . 

130 

81 

62.3 

8   6.2 

51 

44 

86.3 

1898  .  .  . 

145 

101 

69.7 

9   6.2 

78 

66 

84.6 

2 

2.6 

1899  .  . . 

155 

114 

73.5 

7   4.5 

93 

80 

86.0 

1900  .  . . 

176 

134 

76.1 

7   4.0 

115 

96 

83.5 

3 

2.6 

1901  .  .  . 

163 

118 

72.4 

8   4.9 

152 

121 

79.6 

4 

2.6 

1902  .  .  . 

171 

123 

71.9 

7   4.1 

158 

134 

84.8 

4 

2.5 

1903  .  . . 

187 

131 

70.1 

10   5.3 

164 

140 

85.4 

2 

1.2 

1904  .  .  . 

210 

160 

76.2 

5   2.4 

194 

172 

88.7 

4 

2.1 

1905  .  .  . 

211 

162 

76.8 

7   3.3 

193 

169 

87.6 

q 

1.6 

1906  .  .  . 

274 

223 

81.4 

5   1.8 

184 

157 

85.3 

5 

2.7 

1907  .  .  . 

292 

229 

78.4 

5   1.7 

188 

166 

88.3 

2 

1.1 

1908  ... 

263 

217 

82.5 

5   1.9 

184 

167 

90.8 

2 

1.1 

1909 

293 

241 

82.3 

6   2.0 

186 

162 

87.1 

.  4 

2.2 

1910  .... 

308 

260 

84.4 

8   2.6 

184 

168 

91.3 

1911 

295 

244 

82.7 

11   3.7 

205 

174 

84.9 

2 

1.0 

1892-01.. 

1264 

886 

70.1 

66   5.2 

505 

418 

82.8 

9 

1.8 

1902-11.  . 

2504 

1990 

79.5 

69   2.8 

1840 

1609 

87.4 

28 

1.5 

Table  17. 

Colored  Patiexts 

Ages  Under  1 

5. 

"ear. 

Males. 

Females. 

"5 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

1892 

16 

1 

6.3 

8 

1 

12.5 

1893 

14 

6 

1 

16.7 

1894 

20 

1 

5.6 

20 

2 

10.0 

1895 

36 

4 

11.1 

24 

2 

8.3 

1896 

39 

2 

5.1 

47 

4 

8.5 

1897 

33 

6 

18.2 

39 

6 

15.4 

1898 

34 

5 

14.7 

47 

6 

12.8 

1899 

57 

4 

7.0 

27 

2 

7.4 

1900 

50 

6 

12.0 

43 

O 
O 

7.0 

1901 

36 

6 

16.7 

50 

6 

12.0 

1902 

30 

1 

3.3 

49 

5 

10.2 

1903 

40 

6 

15.0 

47 

6 

12.8 

1904 

42 

1 

2.4 

53 

11 

20.8 

1905 

52 

6 

11.5 

48 

8 

16.7 

1906 

48 

7 

14.6 

53 

6 

11.3 

1907 

51 

6 

11.8 

68 

1 

1.5 

1908 

63 

10 

15.9 

59 

6 

10.2 

1909 

46 

6 

13.0 

63 

8 

12.7 

1910 

68 

5 

7.4 

58 

7 

12.1 

1911 

53 

6 

11.3 

95 

11 

11.6 

1892- 

01 

335 

35 

10.4 

311 

33 

10.6 

1902- 

11 

493 

54 

11.0 

593 

69 

11.6 

58 


Frederick-  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  18.    Colored  Patients,  Ages  15-24. 


Males. 

Females. 

Year. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

1892 

45 

6 

13.3 

48 

7 

14.6 

1893 

31 

4 

12.9 

46 

2 

4.3 

1894 

29 

5 

17.2 

37 

3 

8.1 

1S95 

50 

10 

20.0 

39 

6 

15.4 

1896 

55 

4 

7.3 

55 

6 

10.9 

1897 

75 

12 

16.0 

72 

8 

11.1 

1898 

96 

13 

13.5 

97 

12 

12.4 

1899 

.   131 

9 

6.9 

174 

8 

4.6 

1900 

.   136 

9 

6.6 

197 

7 

3.6 

1901 

86 

9 

10.5 

203 

4 

2.0 

1902 

98 

8 

8.2 

215 

7 

3.3 

1903 

98 

13 

13.3 

229 

5 

2.2 

1904 

,  .   115 

12 

10.4 

284 

7 

2.5 

1905 

84 

9 

10.7 

290 

5 

1.7 

1906 

, .   113 

12 

10.6 

324 

7 

2.2 

1907 

.  .   103 

12 

11.7 

317 

10 

3.2 

1908 

91 

11 

12.1 

323 

7 

2.2 

1909 

.  .   Ill 

13 

11.7 

299 

8 

2.7 

1910 

.  .   116 

8 

6.9 

319 

4 

1.3 

1911 

74 

5 

6.8 

353 

11 

3.1 

1892-01.. 

.  .   734 

81 

11.0 

968 

63 

6.5 

1902-11.. 

.  .  1003 

103 

10.3 

2953 

71 

2.4 

Table  19.    Colored  Patients,  Ages  25-34. 

Males.  Females. 


Year. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

1892 

44 

6 

13.6 

32 

1 

3.1 

1893 

46 

3 

6.5 

51 

3 

5.9 

1894 

47 

3 

6.4 

49 

4 

8.2 

1895 

62 

9 

14.5 

58 

7 

12.1 

1896 

63 

5 

7.9 

59 

6 

10.2 

1897 

73 

12 

16.4 

62 

4 

6.5 

1898 

89 

13 

14.6 

106 

12 

11.3 

1899 

90 

4 

4.4 

77 

5 

6.5 

1900 

.   102 

10 

9.8 

119 

8 

6.7 

1901 

.   102 

10 

9.8 

128 

10 

7.8 

1902 

86 

8 

9.3 

134 

10 

7.5 

1903 

79 

10 

12.7 

137 

5 

3.6 

1904 

90 

10 

11.1 

155 

4 

2.6 

1905 

94 

14 

14.9 

138 

3 

2.2 

1906 

94 

10 

10.6 

172 

9 

5.2 

1907 

84 

10 

11.9 

167 

7 

4.2 

1908 

84 

10 

11.9 

155 

3 

1.9 

1909 

87 

7 

8.0 

196 

7 

3.6 

1910 

81 

9 

11.1 

192 

9 

4.7 

1911 

80 

13 

16.3 

183 

5 

2.7 

1892-01.. 

.  .   718 

75 

10.4 

741 

60 

8.1 

1902-11.. 

.  .   859 

101 

11.8 

1629 

62 

3.8 

Statistical  Experience  Data.  59 

Table  20.     Colored  Patients,  Ages  35-44. 

Males.  Females. 


Year.  Treated.  Died.  Per  cent.  Treated.  Died.  Per  cent. 

1892 23       3  13.0  24       6  25.0 

1893 32       4  12.5  27       3  11.1 

1894 37       9  24.3  37       6  16.2 

1895 45  10  22.2  40       9  22.5 

1896 49       7  14.3  49       2  4.1 

1897 51       8  15.7  55       2  3.6 

1898 59       5      8.5  62       4  6.5 

1899 62       5      8.1  46       6  13.0 

1900 87  13  14.9  83       3  3.6 

1901 89  15  16.9  83  10  12.0 

1902 66       8  12.1  65       7  10.8 

1903 65       6      9.2  64       7  10.9 

1904 76  13  17.1  71  10  14.1 

1905 65  13  20.0  75       5  6.7 

1906 78  11  14.1  83       7  8.4 

1907 70  10  14.3  81       8  9.9 

1908 50  7  14.0  87       6  6.9 

1909 80  9  11.3  87       5  5.7 

1910.......  90  8      8.9  85       5  5.9 

1911 67  12  17.9  88       8  9.1 

1892-01 534  79  14.8  506  51  10.1 

1902-11 707  97  13.7  786  68  8.7 


Table  21.  Colored  Patients,  Ages  45-54. 

Males.  Females. 


Year.  Treated.  Died.  Per  cent.          Treated.  Died.  Per  cent. 

1892 8       3  37.5  18  2  11.1 

1893 20       7  35.0  11  1      9.1 

1894 23       2  8.7  20  4  20.0 

1895 26       2      7.7  25  3  12.0 

1896 24  10  41.7  30  1      3.3 

1897 32       3  9.4  32  1      3.1 

1898 32       5  15.6  43  2      4.7 

1899 29  11  37.9  44  4      9.1 

1900 57       6  10.5  40  9  22.5 

1901 60  11  18.3  32  3      9.4 

1902 67  19  28.4  27  4  14.8 

1903 53  6  11.3  37  9  24.3 

1904 64  16  25.0  28  4  14.3 

1905 51       5  9.8  29  3  10.3 

1906 37  9  24.3  33  3      9.1 

1907 41  7  17.1  46  7  15.2 

1908 57  9  15.8  42  3      7.1 

1909 50  6  12.0  33  5  15.2 

1910 56  7  12.5  37  3      8.1 

1911 57  4  7.0  35  6  17.1 

1892-01....  311  60  19.3  295  30  10.2 

1902-11....  533  88  16.5  347  47  13.5 


80  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

Table  22.    Colored  Patients,  Ages  55-64. 


Males. 

Females. 

Year. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent 

1892 

10 

1 

10.0 

7 

o 

42.9 

1893 

27 

5 

18.5 

5 

1 

20.0 

1894 

31 

6 

19.4 

30 

1895 

36 

1 

2.8 

28 

1896 

40 

30 

1897 

26 

26 

3 

11.5 

1898 

39 

1 

2.6 

30 

2 

6.7 

1899 

14 

7 

50.0 

18 

4 

22.2 

1900 

25 

5 

20.0 

21 

8 

38.1 

1901 

45 

9 

20.0 

9 

3 

33.3 

1902 

23 

7 

30.4 

10 

Q 

30.0 

1903 

29 

4 

13.8 

5 

1 

20.0 

1904 

34 

2 

5.9 

14 

2 

14.3 

1905 

33 

7 

21.2 

8 

2 

25.0 

1906 

27 

1 

3.7 

14 

2 

14.3 

1907 

22 

1 

4.5 

19 

2 

10.5 

1908 

37 

5 

13.5 

8 

1 

12.5 

1909 

33 

5 

15.2 

14 

2 

14.3 

1910 

29 

4 

13.8 

18 

1 

5.6 

1911 

32 

8 

25.0 

15 

2 

13.3 

1892-01.. 

.  .      293 

35 

11.9 

204 

24 

11.8 

1902-11.. 

.  .      299 

44 

14.7 

125 

18 

14.4 

Table  23.    Colored  Patients,  Ages  65  and  Over. 


Males. 

Females. 

Year. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

Treated. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

1892 

3 

1 

33.3 

3 

1893 

5 

1 

20.0 

5 

1894 

6 

8 

1 

12.5 

1895 

13 

1 

7.7 

10 

1896 

16 

16 

1897 

13 

1 

7.7 

14 

1898 

15 

2 

13.3 

9 

1 

11.1 

1899 

13 

5 

38.5 

19 

6 

31.6 

1900 

16 

6 

37.5 

7 

2 

28.6 

1901 

14 

2 

14.3 

6 

2 

33.3 

1902 

5 

2 

40.0 

3 

2 

66.7 

1903 

11 

4 

1 

25.0 

1904 

18 

5 

27.8 

5 

1905 

17 

2 

11.8 

5 

i 

20.6 

1906 

16 

3 

l 

33.3 

1907 

10 

2 

20.6 

1 

1908 

12 

5 

41.7 

4 

1909 

16 

2 

12.5 

1 

1910 

11 

4 

2 

50.6 

1911 

17 

4 

23.5 

... 

1892-01.. 

.  .      114 

19 

16.7 

97 

12 

12.4 

1902-11. . 

.  .      133 

22 

16.5 

30 

7 

23.3 

SEC.  C.     COMPARATIVE  ADMISSION  RATE,  1902-1911. 
Table  24.     Summary  of  White  Cases. 

Males.  Females. 

i * -\  i *                   "> 

Rate  per  Rate  per 

Diseases  and  conditions.                          Admitted.       p^X-  Admitted.      ™£®^. 

tion.  tion. 

Abnormities,  congenital  malformations       111           0.50  62  '  0.26 

Blood 185           0.83  75  0.32 

Bones  and  cartilages 389           1.75  140  0.59 

Bursa?    27           0.12  12  0.05 

Circulatory  system  1171           5.28  315  1.33 

Digestive  system  2546         11.48  1711  7.23 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 118           0.53  394  1.67 

Ear    82           0.37  56  0.24 

Eyeandadnexa 182           0.82  79  0.33 

Hernise    903           4.07  229  0.97 

Infective  diseases    2843         12.82  1262  5.34 

Joints    386           1.74  265  1.12 

Lymphatic  system 101           0.46  43  0.18 

Mind    292           1.32  274  1.16 

Miscellaneous    770           3.47  834  3.53 

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons 102           0.46  48  0.20 

Nervous  system   1518           6.84  1195  5.05 

Parasites    38           0.17  8  0.03 

Poisonings,  intoxications 137           0.62  40  0.17 

Reproductive  organs    1099           4.95  3472  14.68 

Respiratory  system 840           3.79  291  1.23 

Skin,  hair,  nails 75           0.34  41  0.17 

Tumors 1496           6.74  1731  7.32 

Urinary  organs 881           3.97  757  3.20 

Obstetrical  conditions 2973  12.57 

Newborn  child   2           0.01  

Injuries    1436           6.47  350  1.48 

Grand  total     17730         79.93  16657  70.43 

Table  25.    Summary  of  Colored  Cases. 

Males.  Females. 

, *- ->  r » , 

Rate  per  Rate  per 

Diseases  and  conditions.                          Admitted.         10.000  Admitted.      10-°0° 

popula-  popula- 
tion, tion. 
Abnormities,  congenital  malformations         11           0.29  14  0.31 

Blood 10           0.27  13  0.29 

Bones  and  cartilages 78           2.07  40  0.89 

Bursa?    3           0.08  3  0.07 

Circulatory  system   581         15.43  165  3.65 

Digestive  system  387         10.28  441  9.76 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 3           0.08  19  0.42 

Ear    11           0.29  10  0.22 

Eye  and  adnexa 25           0.66  29  0.64 

Hernia?    131           3.48  56  1.24 

Infective  diseases   997         26.48  598  13.24 

Joints    70           1.86  61  1.35 

Lymphatic  system 32           0.85  30  0.66 

Mind    13           0.35  11  0.24 

Miscellaneous    65           1.73  186  4.12 

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons i 12           0.32  6  0.13 

Nervous  system  112           2.97  94  2.08 

Parasites    7           0.19  3  0.07 

Poisonings,  intoxications 8           0.21  6  0.13 

Reproductive  organs 81           2.15  1284  28.43 

Respiratory  system  391         10.38  137  3.03 

Skin,  hair,  nails 51           1.35  45  1.00 

Tumors 170           4.51  748  16.56 

Urinary  organs 200           5.31  140  3.10 

Obstetrical  conditions 1868  41.35 

Newborn  child   1           0.03         .... 

Injuries    312           8.29  107  2.37 

Grand  total  3762         99.90  6114       135.36 

5  (61) 


Table  26.    White  Medical  Cases. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 


Admitted. 


Abnormities,  congenital  malformations  13 

Blood    177 

Bones  and  cartilages 26 

Bursa?    2 

Circulatory  system  1044 

Digestive  system 760 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 45 

Ear    15 

Eye  and  adnexa 8 

Hernia?    6 

Infective  diseases   2035 

Joints    186 

Lymphatic  system 23 

Mind    272 

Miscellaneous   406 

Muscles,  fascia?,  tendons 26 

Nervous  system  1123 

Parasites    7 

Poisonings,  intoxications    128 

Reproductive  organs 47 

Respiratory  system 657 

Skin,  hair,  nails 32 

Tumors  321 

Urinary  organs 392 

Obstetrical  conditions 

Newborn  child   

Injuries    19 

Grand  total  7770 


ales. 

Females. 

Rate  per 

Rate  per 

10,000 

10,000 

popula- 

popula- 

tion. 

tion. 

0.06 

6 

0.03 

0.80 

68 

0.29 

0.12 

9 

0.04 

0.01 

2 

0.01 

4.71 

273 

1.15 

3.43 

421 

1.78 

0.20 

131 

0.55 

0.07 

6 

0.03 

0.04 

11 

0.05 

0.03 

9.17 

795 

3.36 

0.84 

131 

0.55 

0.10 

7 

0.03 

1.23 

264 

1.12 

1.83 

201 

0.85 

0.12 

12 

0.05 

5.06 

910 

3.85 

0.03 

6 

0.03 

0.58 

36 

0.15 

0.21 

41 

0.17 

2.96 

222 

0.94 

0.14 

25 

0.11 

1.45 

137 

0.58 

1.77 

182 

0.77 

22 

0.09 

0.09 

7 

0.03 

35.03 


3925 


16.60 


Table  27.    White  Subgical  Cases. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 


Admitted. 


Abnormities,  congenital  malformations  98 

Blood    8 

Bones  and  cartilages 363 

Bursa? 25 

Circulatory  system   127 

Digestive  system   1786 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 73 

Ear    67 

Eye  and  adnexa 174 

Hernia?    897 

Infective  diseases   808 

Joints    200 

Lymphatic  system    78 

Mind    20 

Miscellaneous    364 

Muscles,  fascia?,  tendons 76 

Nervous  system   395 

Parasites    31 

Poisonings,  intoxications 9 

Reproductive  organs 1052 

Respiratory  system 183 

Skin,  hair,  nails 43 

Tumors 1175 

Urinary  organs 489 

Obstetrical  conditions 

Newborn  child   2 

Injuries    1417 

Grand  total  9960 


ales. 

Fema 

les. 

Rate  per 

Rate  per 

10,000 
popula- 

Admitted. 

10,000 
popula- 

tion. 

tion. 

0.44 

49 

0.21 

0.04 

3 

0.01 

1.64 

124 

0.52 

0.11 

10 

0.04 

0.57 

40 

0.17 

8.05 

866 

3.66 

0.33 

261 

1.10 

0.30 

50 

0.21 

0.78 

68 

0.29 

4.04 

127 

0.54 

3.64 

362 

1.53 

0.90 

132 

0.56 

0.35 

30 

0.13 

0.09 

10 

0.04 

1.64 

127 

0.54 

0.34 

36 

0.15 

1.78 

250 

1.06 

0.14 

2 

0.01 

0.04 

1 

4.74 

110 

0.47 

0.83 

68 

0.29 

0.19 

13 

0.05 

5.30 

703 

2.97 

2.20 

34 

0.14 

4 

0.02 

0.01 

6.39 

341 

1.44 

44.90 


3821 


16.16 


(62) 


Table  27A.    White  Gynecological  and  Obstetrical  Cases. 


Gynecological  cases. 


Obstetrical  cases. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 


Admitted. 


Abnormities,  congenital  malformations  7 

Blood 4 

Bones  and  cartilages 7 

Bursas    

Circulatory  system  2 

Digestive  system   424 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 2 

Ear    

Eye  and  adnexa 

Hernise    102 

Infective  diseases 105 

Joints    2 

Lymphatic  system 6 

Mind    

Miscellaneous   506 

Muscles,  fascias,  tendons  

Nervous  system  35 

Parasites    

Poisonings,  intoxications 3 

Reproductive  organs 3321 

Respiratory  system 1 

Skin,  hair,  nails 3 

Tumors 891 

Urinary  organs 541 

Obstetrical  conditions    462 

Newborn  child   

Injuries    2 

Grand  total   6426 


Rate  per 

10,000  *,,„.-++     A 

popula-  Admitted, 
tion. 

0.03  

0.02  

0.03  

b'.oi 

1.79  

0.01  

0.43 

0.44  

0.01  

0.03  

2.14  ..... 

0.15  ..... 

b'.oi  ..... 

14.04  

o'.oi  ..... 

3.77  

2.29  

1.95  2485 

b'.oi  ..... 


27.17 


Table  28.     Colored  Medical  Cases. 

Males. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 


Admitted. 


Abnormities,  congenital  malformations   

Blood    9 

Bones  and  cartilages 3 

Bursa?    1 

Circulatory  system 549 

Digestive  system  102 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 2 

Ear    2 

Eye  and  adnexa 3 

Hernia?    

Infective  diseases   606 

Joints    25 

Lymphatic  system 10 

Mind    12 

Miscellaneous   35 

Muscles,  fascias,  tendons 7 

Nervous  system   71 

Parasites    3 

Poisonings,  intoxications 7 

Reproductive  organs 4 

Respiratory  system 368 

Skin,  hair,  nails 3 

Tumors 48 

Urinary  organs 115 

Obstetrical  conditions    

Newborn  child   1 

Injuries    2 

Grand  total 1988 

(63) 


Rate  per 
10,000 

popula- 
tion. 

0.24 
0.08 
0.03 
14.58 
2.71 
0.05 
0.05 
0.08 

l'6.09 
0.66 
0.27 
0.32 
0.93 
0.19 
1.89 
0.08 
0.19 
0.11 
9.77 
0.08 
1.27 
3.05 

0.03 
0.05 


52.79 


Rate  per 
10,000 
popula- 
tion. 


10.51 


2485 


10.51 


Females. 


Admitted. 


13 
1 


153 

62 

5 

1 

4 


360 
19 

4 
10 
34 

1 
65 


6 

12 

125 

4 
29 
70 

7 


Rate  per 

10,000 
popula- 
tion. 


0.29 
0.02 

3.39 
1.37 
0.11 

0.02 
0.09 

7.97 
0.42 
0.09 
0.22 
0.75 
0.02 
1.44 

0.13 

0.27 
2.77 
0.09 
0.64 
1.55 
0.15 

0.62 


986 


21.83 


Table  29. 


Colored  Surgical  Cases. 

Males. 


Females. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 

Abnormities,  congenital  malformations 

Blood     

Bones  and  cartilages 

Bursas   

Circulatory  system  

Digestive  system  

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 

Ear    

Eye  and  adnexa 

Hernias    

Infective  diseases    

Joints    

Lymphatic  system 

Mind    

Miscellaneous    

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons 

Nervous  system  

Parasites    

Poisonings,  intoxications 

Reproductive  organs 

Respiratory  system 

Skin,  hair,  nails 

Tumors    

Urinary  organs    

Obstetrical  conditions    

Newborn  child   

Injuries    


Admitted. 

11 
1 

75 

2 

32 

285 

1 

9 

22 

131 

391 

45 

22 

1 
30 

5 
41 

4 

1 
77 
23 
48 
122 
85 


310 


Rate  per 
10,000 

popula- 
tion. 

Admitted. 

Rate  per 
10,0U0 
popula- 
tion. 

0.29 

12 

0.27 

0.03 

1.99 

39 

0.86 

0.05 

3 

0.07 

0.85 

12 

0.27 

7.57 

207 

4.58 

0.03 

14 

0.31 

0.24 

9 

0.20 

0.58 

25 

0.55 

3.48 

33 

0.73 

10.38 

197 

4.36 

1.20 

42 

0.93 

0.58 

16 

0.35 

0.03 

1 

0.02 

0.80 

19 

0.42 

0.13 

5 

0.11 

1.09 

26 

0.58 

0.11 

2 

0.04 

0.03 

2.04 

48 

1.06 

0.61 

11 

0.24 

1.27 

39 

0.86 

3.24 

135 

2.99 

2.26 

9 

0.20 

3 

0.07 

8.23 

106 

2.35 

Grand  total  1774 


47.11 


1013 


22.43 


Table  29A. 


Colored  Gynecological  and  Obstetrical  Cases. 

Gynecological  cases.  Obstetrical  cases. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 


Admitted. 


Abnormities,  congenital  malformations 

Blood    , 

Bones  and  cartilages 

Bursas    

Circulatory  system   

Digestive  system  

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 

Ear    

Eye  and  adnexa 

Hernias    

Infective  diseases   

Joints    

Lymphatic  system 

Mind    

Miscellaneous    

Muscles,   fascia?,   tendons 

Nervous  system   

Parasites    

Poisonings,  intoxications    

Reproductive  organs    1224 


172 


23 

41 

"io 

133 

"3 

1 


Respiratory  system  . . 

Skin,  hair,  nails 

Tumors    

Urinary  organs 

Obstetrical  conditions 

Newborn  child   

Injuries    


1 
2 

584 
61 

131 


Grand  total  23! 


Rate  per 
10,000 

popula- 
tion. 
0.04 


5.81 


0.51 
0.91 

0.22 

2.94 

0.07 
0.02 

27.10 
0.02 
0.04 

12.93 
1.35 
2.90 


52.87 


Rate  per 
Admitted.      10'000 


popula- 
tion. 


1727 


1727 


38 


23 


38.23 


(64) 


SEC.  D.     DISEASES  AND  CONDITIONS  ON  ADMISSION,  1902-1911. 

Table  30.     Summary  of  "White  Cases. 

Males.  Females. 

f * (  f * , 

Diseases  and  conditions.                           Admitted.  Per  cent.  Admitted.     Per  cent. 

Abnormities,  congenital  malformations       111  0.6  62           0.4 

Blood    185  1.0  75           0.5 

Bones  and  cartilages 389  2.2  140           0.8 

Bursae    27  0.2  12           0.1 

Circulatory  system   1171  6.6  315           1.9 

Digestive  system  2546  14.4  1711  10.3 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 118  0.7  394           2.4 

Ear    82  0.5  56           0.3 

Eye  and  adnexa 182  1.0  79           0.5 

Herniae 903  5.1  229           1.4 

Infective  diseases    2843  16.0  1262           7.6 

Joints    386  2.2  265           1.6 

Lymphatic  system 101  0.6  43           0.3 

Mind    292  1.6  274           1.6 

Miscellaneous    770  4.3  834           5.0 

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons   102  0.6  48           0.3 

Nervous  system   1518  8.6  1195           7.2 

Parasites    38  0.2  8 

Poisonings,  intoxications 137  0.8  40           0.2 

Reproductive  organs 1099  6.2  3472  20.8 

Respiratory  system 840  4.7  291           1.7 

Skin,  hair,  nails 75  0.4  41           0.2 

Tumors 1496  8.4  1731  10.4 

Urinary  organs 881  5.0  757           4.5 

Obstetrical  conditions ...  2973  17.8 

Newborn  child   2  ...            

Injuries    1436  8.1  350           2.1 

Grand  total  17730  100.0  16657  100.0 


Table  31.     White  Medical  Cases. 

Males. 

i * \ 

Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted.     Per  cent. 

Abnormities,  congenital  malformations  13  0.2 

Blood    177  2.3 

Bones  and  cartilages 26  0.3 

Bursae    2  .... 

Circulatory  system   1044  13.4 

Digestive  system  760  9.8 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 45  0.6 

Ear    15  0.2 

Eye  and  adnexa 8  0.1 

Herniae    6  0.1 

Infective  diseases   2035  26.2 

Joints    186  2.4 

Lymphatic  system  23  0.3 

Mind    272  3.5 

Miscellaneous    406  5.2 

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons 26  0.3 

Nervous  system  1123  14.5 

Parasites    7  0.1 

Poisonings,  intoxications    128  1.6 

Reproductive  organs 47  0.6 

Respiratory  system 657  8.5 

Skin,  hair,  nails 32  0.4 

Tumors     ., 321  4.1 

Urinary  organs 392  5.0 

Obstetrical  conditions 

Newborn  child 

Injuries    19  0.2 

Grand  total  7770       100.0 


Females. 

Admitted. 

Per  cent. 

6 

0.2 

68 

1.7 

9 

0.2 

2 

0.1 

273 

7.0 

421 

10.7 

131 

3  3 

6 

0.2 

11 

0.3 

795 

20.3 

131 

3.3 

7 

0.2 

264 

6.7 

201 

5.1 

12 

0.3 

910 

23.2 

6 

0.2 

36 

0.9 

41 

1.0 

222 

5.7 

25 

0.6 

137 

3.5 

182 

4.6 

22 

0.6 

7 

'  0.2 

3925 

100.0 

(65) 


Table  32.    White  Sukgical  Cases. 

Males. 

* , 

Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted.     Per  cent. 

Abnormities,  congenital  malformations  98  1.0 

Blood 8  0.1 

Bones  and  cartilages   363  3.6 

Bursas    25  0.3 

Circulatory  system   127  1.3 

Digestive  system   1786  17.9 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 73  0.7 

Ear    67  0.7 

Eye  and  adnexa 174  1.7 

Hernia? 897  9.0 

Infective  diseases   808  8.1 

Joints    200  2.0 

Lymphatic  system 78  0.8 

Mind    20  0.2 

Miscellaneous    364  3.7 

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons 76  0.8 

Nervous  system   395  4.0 

Parasites    31  0.3 

Poisonings,  intoxications 9  0.1 

Reproductive  organs 1052  10.6 

Respiratory  system 183  1.8 

Skin,  hair,  nails 43  0.4 

Tumors     1175  11.8 

Urinary  organs 489  4.9 

Obstetrical  conditions 

Newborn  child   2  .... 

Injuries    1417  14.2 

Grand  total   9960       100.0 


Admitted. 

49 

3 

124 

10 

40 
866 
261 

50 

68 
127 
362 
132 

30 

10 
127 

36 

250 

2 

1 

110 

68 

13 
703 

34 
4 


341 


Per  cent. 

1.3 

0.1 

3.2 

0.3 

1.0 
22.7 

6.8 

1.3 

1.8 

3.3 

9.5 

3.5 

0.8 

0.3 

3.3 

0.9 

6.5 

0.1 

'  2.9 

1.8 
0.3 
18.4 
0.9 
0.1 

'  8.9 


3821       100.0 


Table  33.    White  Gynecological  and  Obstetrical  Cases. 


Gynecological  cases. 


Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted. 

Abnormities,  congenital  malformations  7 

Blood    4 

Bones  and  cartilages 7 

Bursae   

Circulatory  system 2 

Digestive  system  424 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 2 

Ear    

Eye  and  adnexa 

Hernia?    102 

Infective  diseases   105 

Joints    2 

Lymphatic  system 6 

Mind    

Miscellaneous    506 

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons 

Nervous  system  ' 35 

Parasites    

Poisonings,  intoxications 3 

Reproductive  organs    3321 

Respiratory  system 1 

Skin,  hair,  nails 3 

Tumors    891 

Urinary  organs    541 

Obstetrical  conditions   462 

Newborn  child 

Injuries    2 


Per  cent. 
0.1 
0.1 
0.1 


6.6 


1.6 
1.6 

"o.i 

'  7.9 
'  0.5 

o.i 

51.7 

'  0.1 
13.9 

8.4 
7.2 


Obstetrical  cases. 

r .A 

Admitted.     Per  cent. 


2485       100.0 


Grand  total  6426       100.0 


2485       100.0 


(66) 


Table  34.    Summary  of  Colored  Cases. 

Males. 
Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted.     Per  cent. 

Abnormities,  congenital  malformations  11  0.3 

Blood     10  0.3 

Bones  and  cartilages 78  2.1 

Bursa?    3  0.1 

Circulatory  system  581  15.4 

Digestive  system  387  10.3 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 3  0.1 

Ear    11  0.3 

Eye  and  adnexa 25  0.7 

Hernise    131  3.5 

Infective  diseases   997  26.5 

Joints    70  1.9 

Lymphatic  system 32  0.9 

Mind    13  0.3 

Miscellaneous   65  1.7 

Muscles,  fascia?,  tendons 12  0.3 

Nervous  system  112  3.0 

Parasites    7  0.2 

Poisonings,  intoxications    8  0.2 

Reproductive  organs    81  2.2 

Respiratory  system 391  10.4 

Skin,  hair,  nails 51  1.4 

Tumors  170  4.5 

Urinary  organs 200  5.3 

Obstetrical  conditions    

Newborn  child   1  .... 

Injuries    312  8.3 

Grand  total  3762       100.0 

Table  35.    Colored  Medical  Cases. 

Males. 

, * . 

Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted.    Per  cent. 

Abnormities,  congenital  malformations 

Blood    9  0.5 

Bones  and  cartilages 3  0.2 

Bursa?    1  0.1 

Circulatory  system  549  27.6 

Digestive  system  102  5.1 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 2  0.1 

Ear    2  0.1 

Eye  and  adnexa 3  0.2 

Hernia?    

Infective  diseases   606  30.5 

Joints    25  1.3 

Lymphatic  system    10  0.5 

Mind    12  0.6 

Miscellaneous    35  1.8 

Muscles,  fascia?,  tendons 7  0.4 

Nervous  system  71  3.6 

Parasites    3  0.2 

Poisonings,  intoxications 7  0.4 

Reproductive  organs   4  0.2 

Respiratory  system 368  18.-5 

Skin,  hair,  nails 3  0.2 

Tumors    48  2.4 

Urinary  organs    115  5.8 

Obstetrical  conditions 

Newborn  child   1  0.1 

Injuries    2  0.1 

Grand  total  1988       100.0 


Females. 

Admitted. 

Per  cent. 

14 

0.2 

13 

0.2 

40 

0.7 

3 

165 

2.7 

441 

7.2 

19 

0.3 

10 

0.2 

29 

0.5 

56 

0.9 

598 

9.8 

61 

1.0 

30 

0.5 

11 

0.2 

186 

3.0 

6 

0.1 

94 

1.5 

3 

6 

o.i 

1284 

21.0 

137 

2.2 

45 

0.7 

748 

12.2 

140 

2.3 

1868 

30.6 

107 

'  1.8 

6114 

100.0 

Females. 

Admitted. 

Per  cent. 

13 

'  1.3 

1 

0.1 

153 

15.5 

62 

6.3 

5 

0.5 

1 

0.1 

4 

0.4 

360 

36*.  5 

19 

1.9 

4 

0.4 

10 

1.0 

34 

3.4 

1 

0.1 

65 

6.6 

6 

'  0.6 

12 

1.2 

125 

12.7 

4 

0.4 

29 

2.9 

70 

7.1 

7 

0.7 

1 

'  o.i 

986       100.0 


(67) 


Females. 


Table  36.  Colored  Surgical  Cases. 

Males. 

Diseases  and  conditions.                           Admitted.  Per  cent. 

Abnormities,  congenital  malformations         11  0.6 

Blood    1  0.1 

Bones  and  cartilages 75  4.2 

Bursas    2  0.1 

Circulatory  system  32  1.8 

Digestive  system  285  16.1 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 1  0.1 

Bar    9  0.5 

Eye  and  adnexa 22  1.2 

Heinise    131  7.4 

Infective  diseases   391  22.0 

Joints    '     45  2.5 

Lymphatic  system 22  1.2 

Mind    1  0.1 

Miscellaneous   30  1.7 

Muscles,  fascias,  tendons 5  0.3 

Nervous  system  41  2.3 

Parasites    4  0.2 

Poisonings,  intoxications   1  0.1 

Reproductive  organs 77  4.3 

Respiratory  system 23  1.3 

Skin,  hair,  nails 48  2.7 

Tumors     122  6.9 

Urinary  organs    85  4.8 

Obstetrical  conditions 

Newborn  child 

Injuries    310  17.5 

Grand  total  1774  100.0 


Table  37.     Colored  Gynecological  and  Obstetrical  Cases. 


Gynecological  cases. 


Admitted. 

Per  cent. 

12 

1.2 

39 

'  3.8 

3 

0.3 

12 

1.2 

207 

20.4 

14 

1.4 

9 

0.9 

25 

2.5 

33 

»  3.3 

197 

19.4 

42 

4.1 

16 

1.6 

1 

0.1 

19 

1.9 

5 

0.5 

26 

2.6 

2 

0.2 

48 

'  4.7 

11 

1.1 

39 

3.8 

135 

13.3 

9 

0.9 

3 

0.3 

106 

10.5 

1013 

100.0 

al  Cases. 

Obstetrical  cases. 

» 

Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted. 

Abnormities,  congenital  malformations  2 

Blood     

Bones  and  cartilages 

Bursas    

Circulatory  system 

Digestive  system  172 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 

Ear    

Eye  "and  adnexa 

Herniae 23 

Infective  diseases   41 

Joints    

Lymphatic  system 10 

Mind    

Miscellaneous    133 

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons 

Nervous  system   3 

Parasites    1 

Poisonings,  intoxications 

Reproductive  organs   1224 


Per  cent. 
0.1 


7.2 


Admitted.     Per  cent. 


Respiratory  system  . . 

Skin,  hair,  nails 

Tumors    

Urinary  organs 

Obstetrical  conditions 

Newborn  child    

Injuries    


1 

2 

584 

61 

131 


1.0 

1.7 

0.4 
5.6 
0.1 


51.3 

'  0.1 

24.5 
2.6 
5.5 


1727       100 


Grand  total  2388       100.0 


1727       100.0 


(68) 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


69 


SEC.   E.     MORTALITY  RATES   BY  CAUSES   ON    ADMISSION,   WHITE 
PATIENTS,  1902-1911. 

Table  38.    Summary  of  White  Cases. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 

Abnormities,   congenital   malfor- 
mations     

Blood    

Bones  and  cartilages 

Bursa?    

Circulatory  system   

Arteries  and  veins 

Endocardium  and  valves 

Myocardium    

Neuroses  

Pericardium    

Digestive  system  

Appendix    

Intestine 

Liver  

Gall  bladder  and  ducts 

Mesentery    

Omentum   

Peritoneum   

Lips   

Mouth   

Palate,  uvula 

Pharynx   

Salivary  glands   

Teeth,  gums,  alveoli 

Tongue   

Tonsils   

Oesophagus    

Pancreas    

Rectum  and  anus 

Stomach  

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 

Carotid  gland  

Parathyreoid  gland 

Pineal  gland  

Pituitary  body 

Spleen  

Suprarenal  gland 

Thymus  gland 

Thyreoid  gland 

Ear    

Eye  and  adnexa 

Infective  diseases  

Dysentery    

Gonorrhoea 

Influenza    

Malaria 

Rheumatic  fever   

Septicemia    

Syphilis    


1\ 

[ales. 

Females 

Admitted. 

Died 

Per 
"  cent. 

Admitted. 

Ill 

5 

4.5 

62 

3 

4.8 

185 

42 

22.7 

75 

13 

17.3 

389 

7 

1.8 

140 

5 

3.6 

27 

12 

1171 

169 

14.4 

315 

44 

14.0 

615 

74 

.12.0 

95 

7 

7.4 

397 

71 

17.9 

180 

29 

16.1 

120 

16 

13.3 

27 

6 

22.2 

24 

2 

8.3 

5 

15 

6 

40.0 

8 

2 

25.0 

2546 

134 

5.3 

1711 

58 

3.4 

840 

29 

3.5 

678 

8 

1.2 

252 

28 

11.1 

168 

17 

10.1 

189 

29 

15.3 

36 

5 

13.9 

177 

15 

"io 

8.5 
33.3 

311 

3 

56 

15 
"7 

4.8 

30 

12.5 

3 

16 

1 

6.3 

3 

1 

13 

2 

15.4 

4 
1 
8 

15 

3 

225 

4 

1.8 

183 

2 

1.1 

25 

3 

12.0 

1 

14 

2 

14.3 

4 

513 

4 

0.8 

156 

230 

7 

3.0 

99 

4 

4.0 

118 

7 

5.9 

394 

12 

3.0 

15 

1 

6.7 

19 

i 

5.3 

1 

4 

16 

Q 
"3 

18.8 
3.5 

3 

368 

11 

86 

3.0 

82 

6 

7.3 

56 

2 

3.6 

182 

2 

1.1 

79 

2843 

172 

6.0 

1262 

75 

5.9 

135 

6 

4.4 

13 

1 

7.7 

88 

1 

1.1 

44 

1 

2.3 

86 

38 

238 

4 

1.7 

24 

70 

3 

4.3 

15 

20 

15 

75.0 

18 

8 

44.4 

266 

6 

2.3 

73 

2 

2.7 

70 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Tarle  38.     Summary  of  White  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Females. 


Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted. 

Tuberculosis,  meninges 27 

Tuberculosis,  lungs 312 

Tuberculosis,  miliary 5 

Tuberculosis,  other  forms 483 

Typhoid  fever 695 

Other  infective  diseases 418 

Hernias    903 

Joints    386 

Lymphatic  system 101 

Mind 292 

Miscellaneous    '. 770 

Diabetes   128 

Gout    41 

Obesity    3 

Rheumatism,  ch.  art 61 

Rheumatism,  n.  s 11 

Other  miscellaneous 526 

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons 102 

Muscles  and  fascia? 89 

Tendons  and  sheaths 13 

Nervous  system  1518 

Brain,  spinal  cord,  meninges. .  360 

Cranial  and  spinal  nerves 143 

Functional  nervous  disorders.  1015 

Parasites    38 

Poisonings  and  intoxications. . . .  137 

Reproductive  organs    1099 

Functional  disorders 1 

Mammary  gland 

Ligaments,  ovaries,  tubes 

Uterus  

Vagina    

Vulva    

Cowper's  glands 

Penis  19 

Prostate  gland   767 

Scrotum   8 

Seminal  vesicles 2 

Spermatic  cord 105 

Testicle  and  epididymis 77 

Tunica  vaginalis  120 

Respiratory  system 840 

Bronchi  and  trachea 175 

Larynx  and  epiglottis 10 

Lung   341 

Nose  and  nasal  passages 43 

Accessory  sinuses   13 

Pleura    .'. 258 

Skin,  hair,  nails 75 

Skin  and  hair 72 

Nails   3 

Tumors  1496 

Benign    437 

Malignant    1059 


19 

24 

4 

18 

52 

20 

18 

3 

2 

8 

54 

7 

1 


43 

2 
2 

69 
63 

2 
4 
7 
7 
45 


43 
1 


1 

90 
5 

71 

1 
1 
12 
1 
1 

205 

46 

159 


Per 
cent. 

70.4 

7.7 
80.0 
3.7 
7.5 
4.8 
2.0 
0.8 
2.0 
2.7 
7.0 
5.5 
2.4 

4.9 

8.2 

2.0 
2.2 

4.5 

17.5 
1.4 
0.4 

18.4 
5.1 
4.1 


Admitted.     Died. 


5.6 

12.5 


0.8 

10.7 

2.9 

20.8 
2.3 
7.7 
4.7 
1.3 
1.4 

13.7 
10.5 
15.0 


16 

154 

3 

334 

307 

223 

229 

265 

43 

274 

834 

69 

4 

11 

19 

7 

724 

•48 

42 

6 

1195 

140 

142 

913 

8 

40 

3472 

629 

78 

1256 

856 

611 

42 


291 

79 

6 

102 

12 

5 

87 

41 

37 

4 

1731 

750 

981 


Per 
cent. 

13  81.3 

5.8 

100.0 

3.9 


9 
3 

13 

18 
7 

14 
2 
2 
1 

24 
5 


2 
1 
16 
1 
1 

23 
19 

1 
3 

4 

40 

1 

1 

27 

4 

7 


25 


5.9 
3.1 
6.1 
0.8 
4.7 
0.4 
2.9 
7.2 


10.5 

14.3 

2.2 

2.1 

2.4 

1.9 

13.6 

0.7 

0.3 

10.6 
1.2 
0.2 
1.3 
2.1 
0.5 
1.1 


8.6 
5.1 


19  18.6 


2.3 
7.3 

8.1 


144 

39 

105 


8.3 

5.2 
10.7 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


71 


Table   38.     Slaimaby  of  White  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted.       Died 

Urinary  organs 881  100 

Bladder    104  9 

Kidney    575  83 

Ureter   2       

Urethra    200 

Obstetrical  conditions 

Newborn  child   2  .... 

Injuries    1436  80 

Grand  total   17730       1235 


Per 
cent. 
11.4 

8.7 
14.4 


8       4.0 


5.6 


Females. 


Admitted.     Died. 


757 

178 

521 

22 

36 

2973 

'356 


42 

2 

40 


Per 
cent. 

5.0 
1.1 
7.7 


7.0       16657       637 


Table  39.    "White  Medical  Cases. 
Males. 


Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted. 

Abnormities,   congenital   malfor- 
mations             13 

Blood 177 

Bones  and  cartilages 26 

Bursae    2 

Circulatory  system  1044 

Arteries  and  veins 491 

Endocardium  and  valves 395 

Myocardium    120 

Neuroses    24 

Pericardium    14 

Digestive  system 760 

Appendix    44 

Intestine    129 

Liver  154 

Gall  bladder  and  ducts 61 

Mesentery    

Omentum   

Peritoneum    4 

Lips 

Mouth   4 

Palate,  uvula 

Pharynx  9 

Salivary  glands   

Teeth,  gums,  alveoli 2 

Tongue    1 

Tonsils 137 

CEsophagus    9 

Pancreas    7 

Rectum  and  anus 20 

Stomach  179 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 45 

Carotid  gland 

Parathyreoid  gland 

Pineal  gland 

Pituitary  body  2 

Spleen    1 


Died. 


157 
63 

71 

16 
2 
5 

31 
1 
6 

16 


Per 

cent. 


42      23.7 


15.0 

12.8 

18.0 

13.3 

8.3 

35.7 

4.1 

2.3 

4.7 

10.4 


1     25.0 


1     11.1 


3       2.2 


1  0.6 

2  4.4 


Females. 


Admitted.  Died. 


9 

2 

273 

54 

179 

27 


421 

42 
80 
24 
77 


100 

"2 

4 

79 

131 


1  14 


Per 

cent. 


72 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table   39.     White   Medical   Cases — Continued. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 

Suprarenal  gland 

Thymus  gland    

Thyreoid  gland 

Ear    

Eye  and  adnexa , 

Infective  diseases   

Dysentery    , 

Gonorrhoea , 

Influenza    

Malaria 

Rheumatic  fever   

Septicemia    

Syphilis    

Tuberculosis,  meninges 

Tuberculosis,  lungs 

Tuberculosis,  miliary 

Tuberculosis,  other  forms. . .  . 

Typhoid  fever    

Other  infective  diseases 

Hernia?   , 

Joints    

Lymphatic  system 

Mind   

Miscellaneous    

Diabetes  

Gout    

Obesity   '. 

Rheumatism,  ch.  art 

Rheumatism,  n.  s 

Other  miscellaneous 

Muscles,  fascia?,  tendons 

Muscles  and  fascia? 

Tendons  and  sheaths 

Nervous  system  

Brain,  spinal  cord,  meninges.  . 

Cranial  and  spinal  nerves.... 

Functional  nervous  disorders. 

Parasites    

Poisonings  and   intoxications... 
Reproductive  organs 

Functional  disorders    

Mammary  gland 

Ligaments,  ovaries,  tubes 

Uterus    

Vagina    

Vulva    

Cowper's  glands '. 

Penis 

Prostate  gland  

Scrotum   

Seminal  vesicles   


Males. 

Females 

A.dmitte( 

i.   Died 

Per 

cent. 

Admitted. 

Died. 

-> 
Per 
cent. 

13 

2 

15.4 

3 
126 

1 

29 

0.8 

15 

6 

8 

1 

12.5 

11 

2035 

110 

5.4 

795 

49 

6.2 

134 

5 

3.7 

13 

1 

7.7 

43 

18 

1 

5.6 

85 

37 

235 

4 

1.7 

24 

70 

3 

4.3 

15 

13 

8 

61.5 

10 

3 

30.0 

198 

4 

2.0 

49 

2 

4.1 

20 

14 

70.0 

13 

10 

76.9 

300 

23 

7.7 

148 

8 

5.4 

4 

3 

75.0 

2 

2 

100.0 

39 

7 

17.9 

23 

4 

17.4 

656 

29 

4.4 

292 

14 

4.8 

238 

la 

4.2 

151 

4 

2.6 

6 

186 

2 

1.1 

131 

23 

2 

8.7 

7 

272 

8 

2.9 

264 

1 

0.4 

406 

29 

7.1 

201 

15 

7.5 

125 

6 

4.8 

66 

5 

7.6 

41 

1 

2.4 

4 

2 

10 

60 

3 

5.0 

19 

2 

10.5 

8 

6 

1 

16.7 

170 

19 

11.2 

96 

7 

7.3 

26 

1 

3.8 

12 

1 

8.3 

26 

1 

3.8 

12 

1 

8.3 

1123 

30 

2.7 

910 

12 

1.3 

208 

27 

13.0 

71 

9 

12.7 

51 

1 

2.0 

32 

864 

2 

0.2 

807 

3 

0.4 

7 

6 

128 

7 

5.5 

36 

4 

11.1 

47 

2 

4.3 

41 
7 
1 

21 

4 
8 

1 

36 

2 

5.6 

Statistical  Experience  Data. 


73 


Table   39.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Females. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 

Spermatic  cord 

Testicle  and  epididymis... 

Tunica  vaginalis  

Respiratory  system 

Bronchi  and  trachea 

Larynx  and  epiglottis 

Lung  

Nose  and  nasal  passages. . . 

Accessory  sinuses  

Pleura    

Skin,  hair,  nails 

Skin  and  hair 

Nails 

Tumors     

Benign    

Malignant    

Urinary  organs   

Bladder    

Kidney   

Ureter 

Urethra    

Obstetrical  conditions 

Newborn  child   

Injuries    

Grand  total 


Admitted. 

Died. 

Per 
cent. 

Admitted. 

Died 

Per 
'    cent. 

10 

657 

"77 

11.7 

222 

23 

10.4 

166 

4 

2.4 

73 

4 

5.5 

2 

4 

333 

69 

20.7 

98 

19 

19.4 

15 

1 

6.7 

2 

141 

"3 

2.1 

45 

32 

1 

3.1 

25 

2 

8.0 

32 

1 
43 

3.1 
13.4 

25 
137 

2 
19 

8.0 

321 

13.9 

65 

5 

7.7 

44 

5 

11.4 

256 

38 

14.8 

93 

14 

15.1 

392 

78 

19.9 

182 

30 

16.5 

20 

5 

25.0 

13 

341 

72 
1 

21.1 
3.2 

164 
5 

30 

18.3 

31 

i 

5.3 

22 

7 

1 

4.5 

19 

.  *. 

624       8.0 


5925       223       5.7 


Table  40.    White  Sukgical  Cases. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 
Abnormities,    congenital   malfor 

mations    

Blood 

Bones  and  cartilages 

Bursa?   

Circulatory  system  , 

Arteries  and  veins 

Endocardium  and  valves 

Myocardium 

Neuroses    , 

Pericardium    , 

Digestive  system 1786 

Appendix   

Intestine    , 

Liver    

Gall  bladder  and  ducts 

Mesentery    

Omentum   

Peritoneum   

Lips 

Mouth  12 


Males. 

Females. 

Admitted.      Died 

Per 

"  cent. 

Admitted. 

Died. 

Per 
cent. 

98 

5 

5.1 

49 

2 

4.1 

8 

3 

363 

7 

1.9 

124 

5 

4.0 

25 

10 

127 

12 

9.4 

40 

1 

2.5 

124 

11 

8.9 

39 

1 

2.6 

2 

"i 

100.6 

1 

1 

1786 

103 

5.8 

866 

38 

4.4 

796 

28 

3.5 

410 

6 

1.5 

123 

22 

17.9 

61 

10 

16.4 

35 

13 

37.1 

9 

3 

00.0 

116 

13 
"9 

11.2 
34.6 

194 

7 

12 
"l 

6.2 

26 

14.3 

3 

74 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  40.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 

Palate,  uvula 

Pharynx  

Salivary  glands  

Teeth,  gums,  alveoli 

Tongue  

Tonsils    

CEsophagus    

Pancreas    

Rectum  and  anus 

Stomach  

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 

Carotid  gland 

Parathyreoid   gland    

Pineal  gland  

Pituitary  body   

Spleen  

Suprarenal  gland 

Thymus  gland   

Thyreoid  gland 

Ear    

Eye  and  adnexa 

Infective  diseases   

Dysentery    

Gonorrhaea 

Influenza    

Malaria    

Rheumatic  fever   

Septicemia 

Syphilis    

Tuberculosis,  meninges   

Tuberculosis,  lungs 

Tuberculosis,  miliary 

Tuberculosis,  other  forms 

Typhoid  fever 

Other  infective  diseases 

Herniae    

Joints    

Lymphatic  system 

Mind    

Miscellaneous   

Diabetes  

Gout    

Obesity    

Rheumatism,  ch.  art 

Rheumatism,  n.  s 

Other  miscellaneous  

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons 

Muscles  and   fasciae 

Tendons  and  sheaths 

Nervous  system  

Brain,  spinal  cord,  meninges. . 

Cranial  and  spinal  nerves.... 

Functional  nervous  disorders. 


Males. 

Females 

^.dmitte 

d.   Diec 

,  Per 
'  cent. 

Admitted 

1 

.  .  . 

4 

1 

25.0 

1 
1 

7 

13 

2 

.  •  • 

88 

1 

1.1 

82 

2 

2.4 

16 

3 

18.8 

1 

... 

7 

2 

28.6 

2 

... 

493 

4 

0.8 

70 

51 

6 

11.8 

19 

4 

21.1 

73 

5 

6.8 

261 

11 

4.2 

13 

"i 

7.7 

18 

"i 

5.6 

"i 

"3 

33.3 

5.3 

1 
242 

io 

3 

57 

4.1 

67 

6 

9.0 

50 

2 

4.0 

174 

1 

0.6 

68 

808 

62 

7.7 

362 

19 

5.2 

1 

1 

100.0 

45 

1 

2.2 

23 

1 

1 

3 

7 

"7 

100.0 

6 

"4 

66.7 

68 

2 

2.9 

15 

7 

5 

71.4 

3 

3 

100.0 

12 

1 

8.3 

3 

1 

1 

100.0 

444 

11 

2.5 

243 

5 

2.1 

39 

23 

59.0 

11 

4 

36.4 

180 

10 

5.6 

57 

3 

5.3 

897 

18 

2.0 

127 

11 

8.7 

200 

1 

0.5 

132 

2 

1.5 

78 

30 

2 

6.7 

20 

10 

364 

25 

6.9 

127 

8 

6.3 

3 

1 

33.3 

1 

1 

1 

3 

356 

24 

6.7 

126 

8 

6.3 

76 

1 

1.3 

36 

63 

1 

1.6 

30 

13 

6 

395 

39 

9.9 

250 

11 

4.4 

152 

36 

23.7 

69 

10 

14.5 

92 

1 

1.1 

109 

1 

0.9 

151 

2 

1.3 

72 

Statistical  Experience  Data. 


75 


Table  40.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted. 

Parasites    31 

Poisonings  and  intoxications. ...  9 

Reproductive  organs    1052 

Functional  disorders    1 

Mammary  gland 

Ligaments,  ovaries,  tubes 

Uterus     

Vagina    

Vulva    

Cowper's  glands 

Penis  18 

Prostate  gland   731 

Scrotum   8 

Seminal  vesicles   2 

Spermatic  cord 105 

Testicle  and  epididymis 67 

Tunica  vaginalis   120 

Respiratory  system 183 

Bronchi  and  trachea 9 

Larynx  and  epiglottis 8 

Lung  8 

Nose  and  nasal  passages 28 

Accessory  sinuses   13 

Pleura    117 

Skin,  hair,  nails 43 

Skin  and  hair 40 

Nails    3 

Tumors 1175 

Benign    372 

Malignant    803 

Urinary  organs 489 

Bladder    84 

Kidney    234 

Ureter  2 

Urethra    169 

Obstetrical  conditions 

Newborn  child   2 

Injuries    1417 

Grand  total  9960 


Died. 


Per 
cent. 

7     22.6 
3       4.1 


41 

1 


1  0.8 

13  7.1 

1  11.1 

2  25.6 


162 
41 

121 

22 

4 

11 


7.7 
7.7 


13.8 
11.0 
15.1 

4.5 
4.8 
4.7 

4.1 


79       5.6 


611       6.1 


Females. 


Admitted.    Died. 

2 
1 
110  2 


77 

24 

3 

3 

5.6        ! 

12.5        


6 
2 

q 

10 

5 

42 

13 

9 

4 

703 

218 

485 

34 

2 

32 


341 


2 
1 
1 

65 

19 
46 


Per 

cent. 


1.8 


1.3 
4.2 


2.9 


4.8 

7.7 
11.1 

9.2 

8.7 
9.5 


41     12.0 


3821       223       5.8 


Table  41.    White  Gynecological  Cases. 


Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted. 

Abnormities,  congenital  malformations.  .         7 

Blood    4 

Bones  and  cartilages 7 

Bursas    

Circulatory  system    2 

Arteries  and  veins 2 

Endocardium  and  valves 

Myocardium  

Neuroses   

Pericardium 


Died.      Per  cent. 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  41.    White  Gynecological  Cases — Continued. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 


Admitted.      Died. 


Digestive  system   424 

Appendix    226 

Intestine   27 

Liver    3 

Gall  bladder  and  ducts 40 

Mesentery 

Omentum    2 

Peritoneum    42 

Lips    

Mouth    

Palate,  uvula 

Salivary  glands    

Teeth,  gums,  alveoli 

Tongue    

Tonsils  1 

(Esophagus    

Pancreas    

Rectum  and  anus 82 

Stomach    1 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 2 

Carotid  gland 

Parathyroid  gland   

Pineal  gland    

Pituitary  body 

Spleen    2 

Suprarenal  gland   

Thymus  gland 

Thyreoid  gland 

Ear 

Eye  and  adnexa 

Infective  diseases 105 

Dysentery  

Gonorrhoea    3 

Influenza    

Malaria    

Rheumatic  fever 

Septicemia   2 

Syphilis    9 

Tuberculosis,  meninges 

Tuberculosis,  lungs   3 

Tuberculosis,  miliary   1 

Tuberculosis,  other  forms 68 

Typhoid  fever   4 

Other  infective  diseases '. 15 

Hernia?    102 

Joints    2 

Lymphatic  system   6 

Mind    

Miscellaneous    506 

Diabetes    2 

Gout   

Obesity    1 

Rheumatism,  ch.  art 

Rheumatism,  n.  s 1 

Other  miscellaneous 502 


12 
2 
3 


Per  cent. 

2.8 

0.9 

11.1 

5.6 

11.9 


6.7 


50.0 


33.3 

100.0 

5.9 


2.9 


0.2 


0.2 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


77 


38 

1.1 

1 

0.2 

26 

2.1 

4 

0.5 

7 

1.2 

Table  41.     White  Gynecological  Cases — Continued. 

Diseases  and  conditions.                           Admitted.     Died.      Per  cent. 
Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons 

Muscles  and  fascia? 

Tendons  and  sheaths 

Nervous  system 35 

Brain,  spinal  cord,  meninges 

Cranial  and  spinal  nerves 1 

Functional  nervous  disorders 34 

Parasites  

Poisonings  and  intoxications 3 

Reproductive  organs 3321 

Functional  disorders  619 

Mammary  gland   

Ligaments,  ovaries,  tubes 1211 

Uterus    849 

Vagina 600 

Vulva  42 

Cowper's  glands    

Penis    

Prostate  gland 

Scrotum    

Seminal  vesicles 

Spermatic  cord    

Testicle  and  epididymis 

Tunica  vaginalis    

Respiratory  system   1 

Bronchi  and  trachea 

Larynx  and  epiglottis 

Lung    1 

Nose  and  nasal  passages 

Accessory  sinuses 

Pleura    

Skin,  hair,  nails 3 

Skin  and  hair 3 

Nails    

Tumors   891 

Benign  488 

Malignant  403 

Urinary  organs  541 

Bladder   163 

Kidney    325 

Ureter    22 

Urethra   31 

Obstetrical  conditions  462  8  1.7 

Newborn  child 

Injuries  2 


60 

6.7 

15 

3.1 

45 

11.2 

12 

2.2 

2 

1.2 

10 

3.1 

Grand  total    6426 


141 


2.2 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  42.    White  Medical  Cases. 

Males. 


Females. 


Causes. 


Admitted.    Died. 


Abdominal  pain  9 

Abortion 

Abscess,    alveolar    1 

Abscess,  breast 

Abscess,  chest  wall 1 

Abscess,  gluteal  1 

Abscess,  intra-abdominal 1 

Abscess,  kidney   1 

Abscess,  leg 1 

Abscess,  liver   15 

Abscess,  lung   4 

Abscess,  mastoid 1 

Abscess,  mediastinal 1 

Abscess,  multiple 

Abscess,  pancreas    

Abscess,  pelvic 

Abscess,  perinephric   6 

Abscess,  perirectal 1 

Abscess,  perirenal  5 

Abscess,  peritoneum 

Abscess,  peritonsillar 2 

Abscess,  periurethral   2 

Abscess,  prostatic   1 

Abscess,  retroperitoneal   1 

Abscess,  subdiaphragmatic 1 

Abscess,  subphrenic 1 

Abscess,  thigh 1 

Abscess,  tonsillar 2 

Achlorhydria    2 

Achylia  gastrica 1 

Acrocyanosis    8 

Acromegaly   2 

Acroparesthesia  chronica   

Addison's  disease   8 

Adenitis    9 

Adenocarcinoma,  stomach 1 

Adenoids    9 

Adhesions 2 

Adhesions,  omental 

Adiposis  dolorosa   2 

Aerophagia,  hysterical 

Albuminuria   6 

Alcoholism    62 

Amblyopia,  tobacco 1 

Amenorrhea 

Anacidity    6 

Anaemia,  aplastic 2 

Anaemia,  pernicious    99         23 

Anaemia,  secondary 6  2 

Anaemia,  splenic 10  1 

Aneurism,  abdominal 5  2 

Aneurism,  aortic  42  4 

Aneurism,  arteriovenous 2 

Aneurism,  cirsoid 1 


Admitted.  Died. 

12 
1 


Per 

cent. 


1 

2 
1 
1 
3 

7 

i 

6 

1 

10 

1 


25 
9 


100.0 
50.0 


58.0 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


79 


Table  42.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Females. 


Causes. 


Admitted.  Died. 


Aneurism,  thoracic 45 

Angina,  pseudo-  2 

Angiomata 1 

Anorexia  nervosa 4 

Aphasia    1 

Aphasia,  motor 2 

Aphonia,  hysterical 

Appendicitis    44 

Argyria    1 

Arrested  sexual  development 1 

Arteriosclerosis    363 

Arthritis     12 

Arthritis  deformans   89 

Arthritis,  gonorrhceal    34 

Arthritis,  hypertrophic    5 

Arthritis,  infectious   35 

Arthritis,  knee  1 

Arthritis,  rheumatoid 1 

Arthritis,  villous   2 

Ascites    1 

Asphyxia    

Asthenia 1 

Asthma 41 

Astigmatism,  myopic   1 

Asynergy,  cerebellar 5 

Ataxia,  cerebellar    1 

Ataxia,  Friedreich's   

Ataxia,  locomotor   18 

Atrophy,  muscular   18 

Bacilluria 3 

Bacteriuria    . 1 

Banti's  disease  1 

Brachialgia    

Bronchiectasis    16 

Bronchitis    79 

Bubo,  inguinal   4 

Burns    

Bursitis    2 

Calculus,  biliary 49 

Calculus,  renal  23 

Calculus,  urethral   1 

Carcinoma,  bile  passages 4 

Carcinoma,  breast 1 

Carcinoma,  caecum 1 

Carcinoma,  cervix  uteri 

Carcinoma,  colon 1 

Carcinoma,  face  1 

Carcinoma,  gall  bladder 

Carcinoma,  glands  neck 1 

Carcinoma,  ilium 

Carcinoma,  intestine 6 

Carcinoma,  kidney   2 

Carcinoma,  latent  1 

Carcinoma,  liver  12 


51 


Per 
cent, 

8.9  6 


14 


100 


12 


16.7 


Admitted.  Died. 
2 


10 


2 
42 


42 

9 

81 

12 

4 
22 


2 
1 

18 


1 

4 
44 

2 

2 
73 
10 

*6 
5 

2 
1 


Per 

cent. 

33.3 


16. 


25. 
6. 


1. 
16. 

100. 
66. 

50. 


80  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  42.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


Causes.  Admitted.   Died.  „„„f    Admitted.  Died. 


cent'.  Admitted.  Died.  *» 


Carcinoma,  lung 2  2       100.0  1       

Carcinoma,  oesophagus 9  3         33.3  2  1         50.0 

Carcinoma,  ovary 1       

Carcinoma,  pancreas 5       6       

Carcinoma,  pelvis   2       1  1       100.0 

Carcinoma,  prostate   11  1  9.1       

Carcinoma,  rectum  8       2       

Carcinoma,  sigmoid  flexure 1       1       

Carcinoma,  stomach   135         18         13.3         33  4         12.1 

Carcinoma,  submaxillary  gland....       1       

Carcinoma,  thyroid  gland 1       

Carcinoma,  tongue 1       

Carcinoma,  tonsil   1       

Carcinoma,  uterus ....  1       

Carcinoma,  ventriculi 12  2         16.7  6       

Carcinoma,   vertebra?    1       1  1       100.0 

Carcinomatosis,  general 1       2       

Carcinosis    2       

Caries,  spine 1       

Catarrh,  nasal 1       

Cellulitis    4       1  1       100.0 

Cephalalgia   3       5       

Chancroid    1       

Chlorosis    6       

Cholangitis    2       

Cholecystitis   10       4       

Cholera  infantum 1  1       100.0 

Chorea    22  1  4.5         42  1  2.4 

Cirrhosis,  liver    91         16         17.6         16  1  6.3 

Cirrhosis,  stomach 1       

Coccygodynia    1       

Coccyxitis    1       

Colic,  intestinal  1       

Colic,  renal   4       

Colitis   14  1  7.1         22  1  4.5 

Colitis,  polypoid  1       

Colitis,  ulcerative   2       

Coloptosis    1       

Coma 1       1       

Conjunctivitis 1       6       

Constipation    14       8       

Contusion    2       

Convalescence 6       19  1  5.3 

Convulsions,  infantile 4       

Coxalgia  1       

Coxa  valga 1 

Cretinism 1       2 

Crushed  hand  1       

Cyanosis 2       

Cyst,  breast 1 

Cyst,  cerebellum 2  2       100.0       

Cyst,  liver 1       [[ 

Cyst,  ovarian 6  1         16.7 

Cyst,  renal , 5  1         20.6  1       


Statistical  Experience  Data.  81 

Tarle  42.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


Causes.  Admitted.   Died.  ";    Admitted.  Died. 


eeS.  Admitted.  Died.        ^ 


Cystinuria   1       

Cystitis 16  5         31.3         11       

Dementia   6       

Dementia,  alcoholic    2       

Dementia  paralytica 3       

Dementia  praecox 11       9       

Dementia,  senile   1       1       

Dermatitis  2       1       

Deviation  nasal  septum 1       

Diabetes  insipidus 3       

Diabetes  mellitus 122  6           4.9         66           5           7.6 

Diarrhoea   38  1  2.6         13       

Dilatation,  aorta   7       

Dilatation,  colon   1       

Dilatation,  duodenum 1       

Dilatation,  stomach    9       4       

Diphtheria 58  3           5.2         64           3           4.7 

Diplegia    1       1       ...         .... 

Diplegia,  spastic 1       

Displacement,  kidney 1       

Disturbance,  glands  of  internal  se- 
cretion      2       

Drug  habit 1       

Dysentery    10  1         10.0  2       

Dysentery,  amoebic   123  4           3.3         11           1           9.1 

Dysentery,  chronic   1       

Dysmenorrhcea 2       ... 

Dyspepsia 11       

Dyspepsia,  nervous 36       22       

Dystrophy,  muscular    1       

Eczema 4       5       

Elephantiasis    1       

Emphysema    30  2  6.7  7       

Empyema    29  1           3.4           8           1         12.5 

Encephalitis    2       2       

Encephalomalacia   1  1       100.0       

Encephalo-myelitis    1       

Endothelioma,  lung    1  1       100.0       

Enlarged  liver   1       

Enlarged  prostate  4       

Enlarged  spleen 1       1       

Enlarged  thyroid 1       

Enlarged  tonsils 1       

Enteritis    12  1  8.3  2       

Enterocolitis   2  2       100.0       

Enteroptosis    1       12       

Epididymitis 6       

Epilepsy 54       17       

Epilepsy,  Jacksonian   2       

Epistaxis    3  1         33.3       

Epithelioma    1       

Epithelioma,  oesophagus    1  1       100.0       

Epithelioma,  tonsil  1  1       100.0       

Error  of  refraction 1       


82 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Taele  42.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Females. 


29 


Causes.  Admitted.  Died. 

Erysipelas    10 

Erythema 4 

Erythromelalgia 2 

Ethmoiditis 1 

Febricula  85 

Fecal  impaction 

Fever,  continuous 43 

Fever,  ephemeral 1 

Fever,  glandular   2 

Fever,  malarial 235 

Fever,  paratyphoid 2 

Fever,  remittent 1 

Fever,  rheumatic 70 

Fever,  scarlet  6 

Fever,  typhoid   606 

Fever,  typhus  3 

Fever,  unknown  cause 1 

Fibroma  

Fibroma,  ovary   

Fibro-sarcoma,  spinal  cord 1 

Fistula,  oesophageal 2 

Foreign  body  in  eye 1 

Fracture,  femur 2 

Fracture,  lumbar  vertebra? 2 

Furunculosis  1 

Gangrene    1 

Gangrene,  toes  and  feet 1 

Gastralgia    

Gastrectasis 1 

Gastritis 30 

Gastro-enteritis    19 

Geographical  tongue 1 

Giant  colon   1 

Gigantism    1 

Glaucoma 

Glycosuria   1 

Goitre    1 

Goitre,  colloid 1 

Goitre,  exophthalmic   19 

Gonorrhoea 4 

Gout 41 

Gumma 1 

Gumma,  testicle 1 

Heart  diseases: 

Adherent  pericardium   1 

Angina  pectoris   10 

Arrhythmia 2 

Bradycardia    1 

Congenital  4 

Endocarditis   38 

Hypertrophy   2 

Myocarditis  98 

Neurosis 

Pericarditis  11 


21 


15 


Per 

cent. 

10.0 


100 
10 


55 


Admitted.  Died. 

9 

7 


1 
29 

1 
17 


24 
3 

15 

7 

271 


Per 
cent. 


1 
1 

6 

81 


12 

22 
1 
6 


14 


12. 


100. 


50. 


27. 
16. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


83 


Table  42.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


Causes.                                Admitted.  Died.          ^1 

Pericarditis,  tuberculous 2  1         50.0 

Stokes-Adams  disease 4       

Tachycardia    10  1         10.0 

Aortic  dilatation   1       

Aortic  insufficiency 53  10         18.9 

Aortic  insufficiency  and  stenosis. .  1  1       100.0 

Aortic  and  mitral  insufficiency .. .  75  12         16.0 

Aortic  insufficiency,  mitral  insuffi- 
ciency and  stenosis 18  2         11.1 

Aortic,  mitral,  myocardial  insuffi- 
ciency     8       

Aortic,  myocardial  insufficiency.  .  2  1         50.0 

Aortic,    mitral,    tricuspid    insuffi- 
ciency      1       

Aortic    and     mitral    insufficiency 

and  stenosis    6  1         16.7 

Aortic  insufficiency,  mitral  insuffi- 
ciency and  stonosis 12  2         16.7 

Aortic    insufficiency    and    mitral 

stenosis 5  1        20.0 

Aortic  insufficiency  and  stenosis, 

mitral  insufficiency  and  stenosis  4  1         25.0 

Aortic  stenosis  1       

Aortic  stenosis  and  insufficiency. .  9  1         11.1 

Aortic  and  mitral  stenosis 1       

Aortic     stenosis,     mitral     insuffi- 
ciency     3       

Mitral  insufficiency 69  5           7.2 

Mitral  insufficiency  and  stenosis.  .  54  11         20.4 

Mitral     and     myocardial     insuffi- 
ciency     9       

Mitral,     myocardial     insufficiency 

mitral  stenosis 3       

Mitral  stenosis 20  2         10.0 

Mitral  and  tricuspid  insufficiency 

and  stenosis 

Mitral  and  tricuspid  insufficiency 

Mitral  stenosis  and  tricuspid  in- 
sufficiency      1       

Mitral  and  tricuspid  insufficiency 

and  stenosis 

Myocardial  insufficiency    13  1           7.7 

Myocardial     insufficiency,     mitral 

stenosis 3       

Tricuspid   insufficiency   and   sten- 
osis    1       

Pulmonary  stenosis 

Heat  prostration   6  1         16.7 

Hebephrenia   1       

Hemachromatosis    8  3         37.0 

Hematemesis    3       

Hematoporphyrinuria    

Hematuria    10       

Hemianopsia  1       


Admitted.  Died. 


6 
16 


1 
1 

1 

1 
32 
53 


1 

28 


Per 
cent. 


16.7 
12.5 
12.5 


25.0 


1  100.0 
1  100.0 
1       100.0 


12.5 
13.2 

33.3 


2  7.1 

1  100.0 

2  100.0 


84 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Tarle   42.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Causes. 


Admitted.   Died. 


Hemichorea 

Hemicrania   

Hemiplegia    29 

Hemophilia   8 

Hemoptysis   3 

Hemorrhage,   cerebral    7 

Hemorrhoids  12 

Hernia    3 

Hernia,  inguinal    2 

Hernia,  strangulated    1 

Herpes  zoster  3 

Hodgkin's  disease   11 

Hydrocele 1 

Hydrocephalus    6 

Hydrocystoma 

Hydronephrosis    4 

Hydrosalpinx    

Hyperacidity  21 

Hyperchlorhydria    2 

Hypernephrosis    

Hyperthyroidism   5 

Hypertrophy,  liver   2 

Hypertrophy,  prostate   3 

Hypertrophy,  uterus 

Hypochondriasis    3 

Hysteria  16 

Ichthyosis  hystrix 

Icterus    

Idiocy    2 

Imbecility    

Inanition    2 

Infection,  hand 2 

Inflammation,  heels 1 

Influenza    83 

Injury,  foot  1 

Insanity,  manic  depressive 10 

Insomnia    3 

Intestinal  obstruction 7 

Intussusception    1 

Irido-cyclitis    1 

Jaundice  1 

Jaundice,  catarrhal  41 

Jaundice,  obstructive  4 

Kyphosis    

Laryngitis    1 

Laryngitis,  syphilitic 1 

Leptomeningitis 

Leucorrhcea 

Leukaemia    13 

Leukaemia,  lymphatic 7 

Leukaemia,  splenomyelogenous    ....     13 

Lipomatosis    1 

Lues    22 

Lues,  cerebral 14 


Per 

cent. 


10 


57 


IS 


16 


33 


14 


Admitted.  Died. 

1 

1 
12 


Per 
cent. 


1 
1 
1 
6 
1 
3 
27 


78 
1 
1 
1 
1 


37 

19 
1 
1 
1 

1 
5 

"i 

4 

1 
1 

7 
2 
4 
2 
4 
4 


100. 


100. 

14 
50 
25 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


85 


Table   42.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Females. 


Causes. 


Admitted.   Died. 


Per 

cent 


Lues,  congenital    1 

Lues,  liver  1 

Lues,  secondary 6 

Lues,  tertiary  16 

Lumbago    2 

Lumbar  pain 1 

Lupus    1 

Lymphadenitis    1 

Lymphomatosis    

Lympho-sarcoma    5 

Malaise  1 

Malformation,  urethra 1 

Malingering 1 

Malnutrition   1 

Mania,  acute 

Marasmus    

Mastitis    

Mastoiditis,  acute   2 

Measles     9 

Melancholia    9 

Melena    1 

Meningitis    5 

Meningitis,  cerebrospinal    30 

Meningitis,  streptococcus 

Merycismus 1 

Microcephaly 

Migraine 3 

Monoplegia    2 

Morphinism 21 

Myalgia    1 

Myasthenia  gravis 1 

Myelitis    8 

Myoma    

Myoma,  uterus  

Myxcedema 2 

Necrosis,  rib   1 

Neoplasm  2 

Neoplasm,  intrathoracic   

Neoplasm,  rectum   1 

Nephritis    : 269 

Nephritis,  parenchymatous 

Nephroptosis 1 

Neuralgia 9 

Neuralgia,  brachial 1 

Neuralgia,  supraorbital 

Neuralgia,  trifacial 

Neurasthenia    693 

Neuritis    12 

Neuritis,  alcoholic 5 

Neuritis,  arsenical    1 

Neuritis,  ascending 1 

Neuritis,  multiple  3 

Neuritis,  optic   2 

Neuritis,  peripheral   4 


M 


20 
100 


12 


25 


100 


Admitted.  Died. 


Per 

cent. 


3 
2 
1 
1 
1 
19 
7 


1 
4 
1 
1 
9 

5 

1 

130 
1 
1 
7 
1 
1 
1 

636 
11 


100. 


14. 


53. 


20. 


86 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table   42.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Females. 


Causes.  Admitted. 

Neurofibromata,  multiple 

Neurosis    36 

Neurosis,  traumatic   1 

Neurosis,  vasomotor 

Nevus  telangiectatic 1 

CEdema 2 

(Edema,  angioneurotic 4 

(Esophageal  diverticulum 1 

(Esophageal  obstruction   2 

Ophthalmoplegia    1 

Orthopnea,  paroxysmal 1 

Osteitis  deformans 1 

Osteoarthritis   11 

Osteoarthropathy,  hypertrophic  pul- 
monary           1 

Osteoma   1 

Osteomyelitis    4 

Otitis  media  12 

Pachymeningitis    1 

Painful  hip   1 

Palsy  2 

Pancreatitis    6 

Pancreatitis,  gangrenous 1 

Papilloma    2 

Papilloma,  rectum 1 

Paralysis    21 

Paralysis,  facial 3 

Paralysis,  post-diphtheritic 3 

Paralysis,  spastic   

Paramyoclonus  multiplex 2 

Paranoia    

Paraplegia   2 

Paraplegia,  ataxic 2 

Paraplegia,  hysterical 

Paraplegia,  spastic   10 

Parasites,  intestinal  3 

Paregoric  habit   

Paresis    23 

Paresis,  general  11 

Parotitis 20 

Pellagra    10 

Pelvic  inflammatory  disease 

Pemphigus  foliaceus 3 

Pemphigus  vegetans 

Periostitis    3 

Peritonitis,  general 3 

Pertussis    5 

Pharyngitis  9 

Phimosis    1 

Phlebitis    7 

Phlebitis,  post-typhoid 1 

Phlegmon,  neck  1 

Pleurisy   33 

Pleurisy,  diaphragmatic   


Per 

cent 


100 


100 


33 


Hi 


Admitted.  Died. 

2 
6 


Per 

cent. 


11 


50. 
16. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


87 


Table  42.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Females. 


Causes. 


Admitted.  Died. 


Pleurisy,  fibrinous    33 

Pleurisy  with  effusion 66 

Pleurodynia 1 

Pneumonia,  bronchial   34 

Pneumonia,  influenzal  2 

Pneumonia,  lobar   263 


Pneumonia,  tuberculous   

Pneumothorax    

Poisoning,  acetanilide   

Poisoning,  arsenic 

Poisoning,  atropine 

Poisoning,  bichloride  of  mercury. 

Poisoning,  carbolic  acid 

Poisoning,  carbon  monoxide 

Poisoning,  chloroform   

Poisoning,  drug  

Poisoning,  gas    


3 
2 

1 
2 
1 
2 
6 
3 
1 
1 
5 

Poisoning,  lead 37 

Poisoning,  lye 1 

Poisoning,  mercurial    2 

Poisoning,  morphine 1 

Poisoning,  oil  sassafras 1 

Poisoning,  opium 6 

Poisoning,  paraldehyde   

Poisoning,  potassium  cyanide 1 

Poisoning,  ptomaine 2 

Poisoning,  salicylic  acid 

Poisoning,  strychnia 1 

Poisoning,  vegetable 1 

Poisoning,  wood  alcohol 

Poliomyelitis 6 

Polyarthritis   3 

Polyarthritis,  gonorrhceal  5 

Polyarthritis,  infectious 5 

Polycythemia 5 

Polypi,  larynx 1 

Polypi,  nasal 1 

Polyserositis   4 

Pregnancy    

Proctitis  3 

Prolapsus,  colon 

Prolapsus  recti 2 

Prostatitis   28 

Pruritus   

Pseudo-cyesis    

Pseudo-tabes    2 

Psoriasis 4 

Psychasthenia 101 

Psychoneurosis 24 

Psychosis  6 

Psychosis,  post-typhoid 1 

Purpura    3 

Purpura    hemorrhagica 

Purpura,  Henoch's 4 


54 


Per 

cent. 


38 


33 


100 


20 


100 

16 


20 


2d 


Admitted.  Died. 
13 

23 


25.0 


21 


66 
1 


1 
18 


159 

48 

6 

"i 

2 
3 


14 


Per 

cent. 


14.c 
21.1 


25. 


100. 


100.( 


100.C 


33.; 


100.0 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Tarle  42.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


Causes.  Admitted.  Died. 

Purpura  rheumatica 2 

Purpura  simplex   1 

Pyaemia 

Pyelitis  7 

Pyelonephritis    

Pyonephrosis    1 

Pyorrhoea  alveolaris 1 

Pyuria    1 

Quinsy    3 

Rachitis    1 

Raynaud's  disease 5 

Recklinghausen's  disease   1 

Relaxation,  joint  2 

Relaxed  vagina 

Retinitis    

Retroflexion,  uterus  ." 

Retroversion,  uterus 

Rheumatism    8 

Rheumatism,  articular 60 

Rhinitis    

Salpingo-oophoritis   

Sarcoma,  cerebrum   1 

Sarcoma,  cervical  gland 1 

Sarcoma,  ileum    1 

Sarcoma,  intra-nasal 1 

Sarcoma,  intra-thoracic 1 

Sarcoma,  kidney   3 

Sarcoma,  liver   2 

Sarcoma,  lymph-glands 

Sarcoma,  osteo-   2 

Sarcoma,  prostate  1 

Sarcoma,  retroperitoneal 5 

Sarcoma,  spinal  cord 1 

Sarcoma,  sternum 1 

Sarcomatosis 

Schonlein's  disease 6 

Sciatica 8 

Scleroderma    2 

Sclerosis     6 

Sclerosis,  lateral   1 

Sclerosis,  multiple 5 

Scoliosis 

Scurvy    4 

Senility 8 

Septicemia 11 

Septicemia,  gonococcus 

Septicemia,  puerperal 

Serum  disease 

Singultus   1 

Sinusitis 13 

Smallpox    2 

Spasm,  intestinal 1 

Splanchnoptosis 

Splenomegaly   9 


Per 

cent 


100 


100 


100 


22 


Admitted.  Died. 


4 
1 
2 
1 
6 

19 
1 

17 


1 
2 
3 

1 
10 

3 
1 
1 

9 

2 
1 
1 

i 

2 

i 

3 


Per 

cent. 


12.5 


50.0 


16.7 
10.5 


100.0 


100.0 


33.3 

50.0 
100.0 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


89 


Table  42.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Causes. 


Admitted.  Died. 


Spondylitis    12 

Spondylitis  deformans 5 

Spondylitis,  infectious  3 

Spondylolisthesis 

Sprain 2 

Stenosis,  pyloric 10 

Stenosis,  rectal 1 

Stomach,  hour-glass   1 

Stomatitis    2 

Stricture,  Gesophagus   4 

Stricture,  rectum 

Stricture,  urethra 2 

Strongyloides  intestinalis  1 

Subacidity   

Subluxation,  sacro-iliac 1 

Synovitis    2 

Synovitis,  knee 1 

Syphilis    131 

Syphilis,  cerebral 

Syphilophobia 1 

Syringomyelia    3 

Tabes  dorsalis 44 

Tabo-paresis    1 

Taenia  saginata 1 

Talipes  equino-varus 1 

Teleangiectasis    7 

Teniasis    2 

Tetanus    7 

Thickened  pleura    7 

Thrombosis   6 

Thrombosis,  axillary 1 

Thrombosis,  cerebral   3 

Thrombosis,  femoral 

Thrombosis,  iliac 1 

Thrombosis,  venous    1 

Tinea  cruris   1 

Tonsillitis    129 

Torticollis    6 

Tremor  1 

Trichinosis    2 

Tuberculosis,  abscess   1 

Tuberculosis,  arthritis 3 

Tuberculosis,  bone   

Tuberculosis,  caecum 

Tuberculosis,   clavicle    

Tuberculosis,  general 3 

Tuberculosis,  genito-urinary  tract..  1 

Tuberculosis,  glandular 3 

Tuberculosis,  hip  joint 1 

Tuberculosis,  intestines 1 

Tuberculosis,  larynx 3 

Tuberculosis,  meningeal   20 

Tuberculosis,  mesenteric  glands.  ...  1 

Tuberculosis,  miliary 4 


Per 
cent 


10 


100 


42 


14 


66 

100 


70 


75 


Admitted.  Died. 


Per 

cent. 


93 
6 
2 
1 

1 
1 

1 
1 
4 

3 

4 

1 

2 

13 


10 


100. 


100. 
76. 

100. 


90 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Tarle  42.     White  Medical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Causes. 


Admitted.  Died. 


1 
1 

280 


20 


Tuberculosis,  peritoneal 5          1 

Tuberculosis,  peritoneal,  pleural. .. .  1          1 

Tuberculosis,  pleural 4 

Tuberculosis,     pleural,     pericardial, 

meningeal    

Tuberculosis,     pleural     and     peri- 
toneal    

Tuberculosis,  polyserositis   

Tuberculosis,  pulmonary 

Tuberculosis,     pulmonary     and     in- 
testinal   

Tuberculosis,  pulmonary  and  laryn- 
geal  

Tuberculosis,   pulmonary  and   men- 
ingeal     

Tuberculosis,  renal 

Tuberculosis,  sacro-iliac  joint 

Tuberculosis,  spine 

Tuberculosis,  spleen  

Tuberculosis,  spondylitis 

Tumor,  abdominal 

Tumor,  bladder    

Tumor,  cauda  equina 1 

Tumor,  cerebral 41 

Tumor,  colon    1 

Tumor,  kidney  4 

Tumor,  liver  3. 

Tumor,  mediastinal    2 

Tumor,  pylorus    1 

Tumor,  retroperitoneal    1 

Tumor,  spinal  cord 2 

Tumor,  testicle 2 

Typhoid  spine 5 

Ulcer,  duodenal   9 

Ulcer,  gastric   39 

Ulcer,  rectum  1 

Uncinariasis    15 

Uncinate  gyrus  attacks 1 

Uraemia    2 

Urethritis 25 

Urticaria    3 

Uveitis    

Vaccination   6 

Vaginitis    

Varicella    1 

Varicose  veins   1 

Vertigo   8 

Vomiting,  hysterical 1 

Vomiting,  pernicious    

Vomiting,  pregnancy   

Wound,  gunshot 

Zeroderma  pigmentosa 1 

^Unclassified 91         21 


Females. 


\    r 

Per 
cent. 

20.0 
100.0 


Admitted.  Died. 


7.1       143 
66.7       . . . 


100.0 
50.0 


100.0 


50.0 
50.6 


7.3         21 


100.0 


23.1 


1 
1 

21 


3 

2 
1 
1 

"4 
2 
1 
1 

i 
1 

1 

1 

37 


Per 
cent. 


100.0 


4.9 


25.( 
50. 


50. 


100.0 


16.2 


*  Includes  cases  of  doubtful  terminology. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


91 


Table  43.    White  Surgical  Cases. 

Males. 


Females. 


Causes. 


Ad- 
mitted. 


Abdominal  pain   17 

Aberrant  thyroid 


Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 


abdominal  11 

alveolar  12 

antrum  of  Highmore 1 

arm 3 

axillary   14 


back   

breast  

buttocks 

cerebral    

cervical   

cheek   

chest  wall 

elbow   

face    

foot 

groin  

iliac 

inguinal  

intermuscular  . 
intra-abdominal 
intracranial  .  . . 
ischio-rectal   . . . 

jaw  

leg    

lip 


4 

3 

6 

4 

17 

1 

liver  IS 


prostate  

psoas  

rectal   

retroperitoneal  . 
retropharyngeal 
sacro-iliac  


Died.     Per  cent. 


18.2 


liver,  amoebic 9 

lumbar 4 

lung  2 

mastoid   5 

mouth    1 

neck   22 

nose   1 

palmar 1 

pelvic 

perigastric 1 

perineal    8 

perinephritic    18           2 

periprostatic    1           1 

perirectal    53 

perirenal  2 

peritonsillar 10 

periurethral   14 

pharynx  1 

popliteal   3 

prepatellar  bursa 


100.0 


7.1 


75.0 
11.1 


20.0 


50.0 
33.3 


11.8 

27.7 
44.4 


20.0 


11.1 
100.0 


7.1 


20.0 


50.0 


Ad- 
mitted. 

1 

10 

5 

"2 
1 

ii 

4 
3 


Died. 


11 


Per 

cent. 


10. 


25. 


25. 


100. 


92 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  43.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 


Causes-  mitted. 

Abscess,  sacrum 

Abscess,  scalp 1 

Abscess,  scapula 1 

Abscess,  scrotum  7 

Abscess,  shin 1 

Abscess,  shoulder    1 

Abscess,  sinus,  frontal 2 

Abscess,  space  of  Retzius 1 

Abscess,  spleen 

Abscess,  stitch   1 

Abscess,  subphrenic 5 

Abscess,  temporal  2 

Abscess,  thigh 25 

Abscess,  tonsillar 1 

Abscess,  trachea    1 

Abscesses,  multiple 4 

Achlorhydria    1 

Acromegaly 7 

Actinomycosis    7 

Actinomycosis,  liver 

Actinomycosis,  ribs 1 

Addison's  disease    3 

Adenitis,  axillary 1 

Adenitis,  axillary,  suppurative 2 

Adenitis,  cervical    

Adenitis,  cervical,  inflammatory 

Adenitis,  cervical,  suppurative 5 

Adenitis,  inguinal 5 

Adenitis,  inguinal,  chancroidal 3 

Adenitis,  inguinal,  suppurative 27 

Adenitis,  inguinal  and  iliac 1 

Adenitis,  submaxillary 1 

Adeno-carcinoma   2 

Adeno-carcinoma,  cheek 1 

Adeno-carcinoma,  rectum   1 

Adeno-fibroma,  breast 

Adenoids    8 

Adenoma    

Adenoma,  thyroid   1 

Adenomata,  multiple   1 

Adherent  prepuce   1 

Adhesion,  peritoneal 2 

Adhesions    4 

Alcoholism    5 

Amentia,  infantile 1 

Amputation,  stump 10 

Amputation,  traumatic    7 

Anaemia,  pernicious    2 

Anaemia,   splenic    1 

Aneurism 30 

Aneurism,  abdominal  1 

Aneurism,  aortic 1 

Aneurism,  arterio-venous    3 

Aneurism,  sciatic  artery 1 


Died.     Per  cent. 


50.0 

l'o'o'.o 


14.3 


33.3 


28.6 


10.0 


Ad- 
mitted. 

1 


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


11 


33. 
20. 


16. 


100.0 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


93 


Table  43.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


„  Ad- 

Causes-  mitted. 

Aneurism,  subclavian 

Angina    3 

Angina,  Ludwig's    1 

Angioma 3 

Angioma,  abdominal 1 

Angioma,  cheek 1 

Angioma,  chest  wall 

Angioma,  eyelid 

Angioma,  lip 4 

Angioma,  neck  1 

Angioma,  scalp 1 

Angioma,  thigh    1 

Angiomata,  multiple 

Angiosarcoma,  rectum 

Ankylosis     12 

Ankylosis,  elbow  1 

Ankylosis,  hip 1 

Ankylosis,  jaw  3 

Ankylosis,  knee   2 

Ankylosis,  shoulder 2 

Aphonia,  hysterical 

Apoplexy,  cerebral   2 

Appendicitis    791 

Arachnoiditis    1 

Argyria    1 

Arteriosclerosis    10 

Arthritis 6 

Arthritis  deformans 16 

Arthritis,  elbow  3 

Arthritis,  foot,  infectious 

Arthritis,  hip 5 

Arthritis,  hip,  rheumatoid 1 

Arthritis,  hip,  villous 1 

Arthritis,  infectious   43 

Arthritis,  knee  12 

Arthritis,  knee,  infectious 2 

Arthritis,  knee,  suppurative 6 

Arthritis,  knee,  traumatic 2 

Arthritis,  knee,  villous 6 

Arthritis,   metacarpophalangeal    ...       3 

Arthritis,  shoulder    1 

Arthritis,  sternoclavicular  joint 

Arthritis,  suppurative   1 

Arthritis,  tarsus 1 

Arthritis,  traumatic   5 

Arthritis,  villous   1 

Arthritis,  wrist 

Arthritis,  wrist,  infectious 

Arthropathy  (Charcot)    1 

Ascaris  lumbricoides 

Ascites    . 1 

Asthma 

Athetosis,  double 1 

Atresia,  rectum    

7 


Died.     Per  cent. 


2 
28 


100.0 
3.5 


30.0 


Ad- 
mitted. 

1 

"l 
2 


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


3 

1 

1 

3 

409 


50 

12 

3 

i 

1 


33 


94 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  43.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Females. 


1 

10 

1 

1 


12         22.2         37 
1       100.0 


42.9         22 

8 

1 

1 

10         12.0       143 

"2 


Ad- 
Causes,  mitted    Died-    Per  cent- 

Atresia,  small  intestines,  congenital      1 

Atrophy,  progressive  muscular 1 

Bacteriuria    1 

Blood  transfusion   

Bronchiectasis    

Bronchitis   3 

Burn   54 

Burn,  arm  1 

Burn,  carbolic  acid 1 

Burn,  face  and  hands 2 

Burn,  hand   

Burn,  superficial   21 

Bursitis    24 

Bursitis,  suppurative 1 

Cachexia 

Calculus,  biliary 83 

Calculus,  prostatic 1 

Calculus,  renal  43 

Calculus,  submaxillary 2 

Calculus,  ureteral   16 

Calculus,  urethral  9 

Calculus,  vesical    62 

Callus,  foot   1 

Cancrum  oris   2 

Carbuncle    34 

Carcinoma,  abdominal  wall 1 

Carcinoma,  antrum 3 

Carcinoma,  appendix    1 

Carcinoma,  axilla    5 

Carcinoma,  bile  duct 2 

Carcinoma,  bladder 30 

Carcinoma,  breast 2 

Carcinoma,  caecum    8 

Carcinoma,  cervical  glands 25 

Carcinoma,  cheek 5 

Carcinoma,  chest  wall 

Carcinoma,  colon 5 

Carcinoma,  ear 1 

Carcinoma,  face  11 

Carcinoma,  fauces 1 

Carcinoma,  foot  1 

Carcinoma,  gall  bladder 3  3 

Carcinoma,  groin 2 

Carcinoma,  gums 2  1 

Carcinoma,  hand  1 

Carcinoma,  humerus 

Carcinoma,  inferior  maxilla 3  1 

Carcinoma,  inguinal  gland 1 

Carcinoma,  intestines,  multiple  ....       9  4 

Carcinoma,  intra-abdominal 2 

Carcinoma,  jaw 3 

Carcinoma,  kidney 2 

Carcinoma,  larynx 4  1 

Carcinoma,  lip 23  2 


11.1 
3.2 

50.6 


50.0 
33.3 
50.0 
12.5 
32.0 


60.0 
'  9.1 

100.6 

50.6 

33.3 

44.4 


25.0 
8.7 


Ad- 
mitted. 


Died. 


6 

2 

"4 
3 
1 

248 


10 
3 


1 

12 

2 


Per 

cent. 


22 


10 


59.5 


45.5 


6.3 


14 


3       100.0 
5.6 


33.3 


25.0 


50.0 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


95 


Table  43.    White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Ad- 

Causes-  mitted. 

Carcinoma,  lip  and  penis 1 

Carcinoma,  liver   9 

Carcinoma,  maxilla 1 

Carcinoma,  mouth 4 

Carcinoma,  neck  glands 21 

Carcinoma,  neck  and  pharynx 1 

Carcinoma,  nose 1 

Carcinoma,  oesophagus 19 

Carcinoma,  orbit  1 

Carcinoma,  palate 2 

Carcinoma,  pancreas 15 

Carcinoma,  parotid   2 

Carcinoma,  pelvic  glands 2 

Carcinoma,  penis 15 

Carcinoma,  pharynx 2 

Carcinoma,  prostate  83 

Carcinoma,  pylorus 4 

Carcinoma,  rectum   36 

Carcinoma,  retroperitoneal  glands. .  1 

Carcinoma,  sacrum   1 

Carcinoma,  scalp 3 

Carcinoma,  scrotum   1 

Carcinoma,  sigmoid  flexure 4 

Carcinoma,  spine 

Carcinoma,  stomach   69 

Carcinoma,  submaxillary  gland 3 

Carcinoma,  superior  maxilla 4 

Carcinoma,  temporal  bone 1 

Carcinoma,  thyroid 1 

Carcinoma,  tongue    32 

Carcinoma,  tonsil   7 

Carcinoma,  uterus    

Carcinoma,  ventriculi 2 

Carcinoma,  vertebrae 3 

Carcinosis,  general   4 

Carcinosis,  peritoneal 2 

Cardiospasm    

Cellulitis    106 

Cervical  rib  1 

Chancroid    4 

Cholangitis    

Cholecystitis  29 

Cholesteatoma    

Chondritis,  typhoid 1 

Cirrhosis,  liver 11 

Clavus,  infected  1 

Cleft  palate  18 

Club-foot    15 

Coccygodynia    

Colic,  biliary 1 

Colic,  lead 3 

Colic,  renal   12 

Colitis  r 6 

Colitis,  mucous 3 


Died.     Per  cent. 


22.2 

25.6 
14.3 

100.6 
31.6 

100.0 
50.0 
20.0 


2 
10 


6.7 
50.0 
10.8 
50.0 
16.7 


50.0 
14.5 


9.4 

28.6 


i 

25.6 

'   3 

'  2.8 

3 

10.3 

"5 

45.5 

2 

li'.i 

Ad- 
mitted. 


Died. 


2 
20 


4 

2 

30 

1 


1 
1 

"l 

37 

1 

1 

47 

1 


Per 

cent. 

33.3 


28.6 


50.0 
10.0 


100.0 
16.7 


100.0 


5.4 


100.0 

2.1 

100.0 

33.3 


16.7 


96  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  43.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


Causes.                                    Jfi^  Died.    Per  cent.    Jg^  Died.        £« 

Colitis,  polypoid 4  1         25.0       

Compression,  spinal  cord 1       

Concussion,  brain 14  1  7.1       

Condylomata    2       1       

Congested  verumontanum 1       

Constipation    6       3       

Contracting,  scar 1        

Contracture,  arm 1       

Contracture,  face 1       3       

Contracture,  hand  2       2       

Contracture,  plantar  fascia 2       

Contracture,  tendons  of  forearm ....       1       

Contractures    34       11       

Contusion,  abdomen  7  1         14.3       

Contusion,  arm 3       1       

Contusion,  back  4       1       

Contusion,  chest    1       

Contusion,  eye   1       

Contusion,  face 2       

Contusion,  foot 2       

Contusion,  head  12       

Contusion,  hip   2       

Contusion,  jaw  1       

Contusion,  kidney  4       

Contusion,  knee 2       1       

Contusion,  leg 7       

Contusion,  shoulder    3       

Contusion,  testicle 1       •  •  •         

Contusion,  thigh 1       

Contusion,  toe 1       

Contusion,  urethra   1       

Contusion,  vertebra 3       

Contusions 34       6       

Contusions,  multiple    1       •  •  • 

Cornu  cutaneum    1       

Coxa  valga 1       

Coxa  vera 5       1       

Curvature,  spine,  traumatic 1       

Cyst,  axilla  1       

Cyst,  bladder    1       

Cyst,  breast  1       45       

Cyst,  cerebellar 14  3         21.4         10           1         10.0 

Cyst,  chest  wall 1       

Cyst,  dentigerous 2       

Cyst,  dermoid  2       3       

Cyst,  epididymis 2 

Cyst,  fibula 1       

Cyst,  humerus    1       1       

Cyst,  inferior  maxilla 1           1       100.0 

Cyst,  kidney   1       

Cyst,  lip  1       

Cyst,  liver *   1       

Cyst,  mesenteric 1       

Cyst,  neck  , 3       3       


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


97 


Table  43.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Causes-  minted. 

Cyst,  neurenteric 1 

Cyst,  ovarian 

Cyst,  pancreas   

Cyst,  scalp 

Cyst,  sebaceous 

Cyst,  thyroid 4 

Cyst,  thyroglossal   

Cyst,  kidney 5 

Cystitis 61 

Deafness 1 

Deformity,  face 1 

Deformity,  foot   2 

Deformity,  hand    

Deformity,   knee    1 

Deformity,  leg 1 

Deformity,  lip    1 

Deformity,  nose  8 

Deformity,  penis   1 

Deformity,  postoperative 1 

Deformity,  wrist 1 

Delirium  tremens   2 

Dementia  praecox    6 

Dementia  paralytica 1 

Dementia,  senile 1 

Dermatitis  7 

Dermatitis,  blastomycetic 

Dermatitis,  iodoform   2 

Dermatitis,  leg '. . .       1 

Diabetes  mellitus 3 

Dilatation,  arteries 

Dilatation,  duodenum 

Dilatation,  stomach 

Diphtheria    3 

Dislocation    18 

Dislocation,  astragalus 1 

Dislocation,  clavicle 1 

Dislocation,   elbow    2 

Dislocation,  elbow,  congenital 1 

Dislocation,  femur 1 

Dislocation,  femur,  congenital 

Dislocation,  hip,  congenital   3 

Dislocation,  humerus   2 

Dislocation,  interior  cuneiform  and 

scaphoid  1 

Dislocation,  knee 1 

Dislocation,  metacarpal  bone 1 

Dislocation,  navicula 1 

Dislocation,  os  calcis 1 

Dislocation,  os  magnum 1 

Dislocation,  radius   4 

Dislocation,  radius  and  ulna 1 

Dislocation,  semilunar  cartilage  ...       1 

Dislocation,  shoulder   9 

Dislocation,  ulna   


Died.     Per  cent. 


100 


Ad- 
mitted. 


3 
1 
1 
2 
16 
1 


1 
1 
2 
1 

12 


Per 

cent. 


9S 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  43.     "White  Sukgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Females. 


Ad- 
Causes-  mitted. 

Dislocation,  vertebral 1 

Diverticulitis    1 

Diverticulum,  bladder 2 

Diverticulum,  oesophagus 1 

Diverticulum,  urethral 1 

Divided  ulnar  nerve 1 

Division,  tendon  of  thumb 1 

Dupuytren's  contracture 

Dysentery,  amoebic  14 

Dysentery,  chronic   1 

Dysmenorrhea 

Dyspnoea    1 

Dysuria 2 

Ectropion     2 

Eczema 3 

Elephantiasis    __ 3 

Embolism,  cerebral  . . ." 1 

Empyema    106 

Encephalocele 

Encysted  stitch 1 

Endocarditis   1 

Endothelioma  4 

Endothelioma,  parotid 

Enuresis,  nocturnal 2 

Enlarged  aorta    '. 

Enteroptosis    2 

Epididymitis 47 

Epilepsy  105 

Epiphyseal  separation   1 

Epiphysitis    11 

Epistaxis    6 

Epithelioma 91 

Epithelioma,  abdominal  wall 

Epithelioma,  arm    ■      1 

Epithelioma,  axilla 

Epithelioma,  eyelid 1 

Epithelioma,  face   12 

Epithelioma,  hand  and  nose 1 

Epithelioma,  leg   1 

Epithelioma,   lip    25 

Epithelioma,  nipple 

Epithelioma,  nose  2 

Epithelioma,  palate 1 

Epithelioma,  penis 4 

Epithelioma,  scalp 1 

Epithelioma,  skin  over  chest  wall. . .       1 

Epithelioma,  thigh   1 

Epulis  2 

Erysipelas    26 

Ethmoiditis 5 

Exophthalmos 1 

Exostosis   18 

Exostosis,  femur   3 

Exostosis,  multiple 2 


Died.    Per  cent. 
1        100.0 


100 


21 

100 


50 


100 

7 


50 


25 


Ad- 
mitted. 


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


40 


1 
13 

34 

3 

1 

13 

1 

1 
2 
3 


3 

11 

'*2 
2 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


99 


Table  43.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


Causes-  mUted. 

Exostosis,  os  calcis 3 

Exostosis,  multiple   1 

Exstrophy,  bladder  1 

Extravasation,  urine 2 

Facial  tic 

Fatty  body  in  knee 1 

Fever,  cerebro-spinal    

Fever,  malarial    3 

Fever,  paratyphoid   1 

Fever,  scarlet  1 

Fever,  typhoid   24 

Fever,  typhoid    (intestinal  perfora- 
tion)         12 

Fibro-adenoma   

Fibro-lipoma   5 

Fibro-lipoma,  groin 1 

Fibroma  3 

Fibroma,  intracanalicular 

Fibroma,  molluscum 

Fibroma,  nose 1 

Fibroma,  palate 

Fibro-sarcoma,  spinal  cord  1 

Fissure  in  ano 35 

Fistula,  abdominal   1 

Fistula  in  ano 136 

Fistula,  appendical  1 

Fistula,  arterio-venous 1 

Fistula,  biliary 2 

Fistula,  buccal   1 

Fistula,  fecal    9 

Fistula,  gastric    1 

Fistula,  intestinal  1 

Fistula,  perineal   9 

Fistula,  recto-urethral   5 

Fistula,  recto-vesical 2 

Fistula,  renal  2 

Fistula,  suprapubic 5 

Fistula,  scrotal 1 

Fistula,  urethral   13 

Fistula,  urinary 1 

Fistula,  vesical 1 

Flat-foot  21 

Floating  cartilage 6 

Foot  drop 1 

Foreign  body  in  bronchus 4 

Foreign  body  in  caecum 1 

Foreign  body  in  eye 1 

Foreign  body  in  face 1 

Foreign  body  in  foot 3 

Foreign  body  in  hand 

Foreign  body  in  knee 

Foreign  body  in  larynx 2 

Foreign  body  in  leg 2 

Foreign  body  in  oesophagus 5 


Died.     Per  cent. 


12 


11 


50.0 


91.7 


100.0 
100.6 


0.7 


11.1 

20.0 


100.0 


25.0 


Ad- 
mitted. 

2 


Per 
cent. 


12 


100 
50, 

50. 


33. 


40.0 


100 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  43.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Females. 


Causes. 


Ad- 
mitted. 

1 


Foreign  body  in  os  calcis 

Foreign  body  in  stomach  1 

Foreign  body  in  trachea 1 

Fracture,  acromion 1 

ankle 3 

astragalus 3 

clavicle 12 

coccyx 

Colles*    13 

cuboid  1 

elbow  9 

femur 115 

femur  and  skull 1 

fibula 14 

glenoid  fossa  1 

hip 4 

humerus   47 

humerus  and  ulna 1 

ilium 2 

inferior  maxilla 16 

jaw  5 

malleolus 1 

malleolus  and  fibula 1 

maxilla   1 

metacarpus 5 

metatarsus   9 

nasal  bone 6 

olecranon 7 

os  calcis 11 

patella  38 

pelvis   7 

phalanges   10 

Pott's   52 

radius    12 

radius  and  ulna 45 

rib 22 

scapula  3 

shoulder    

skull 103 


Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Fracture 
Galactocele    . . . 

Ganglion    

Gangrene   

Gastritis , 

Gastro-enteritis 
Gastroptosis    . . 


spine 3 

sternum 1 

superior   maxilla 2 

thumb    2 

tibia  38 

tibia  and  fibula 100 

tibia  and  ribs 1 

ulna   7 

vertebra 17 


2 
21 
5 
8 
1 


Died.    Per  cent. 


18 


17 


oO 


12. 


Ad- 
mitted. 


2 
2 
2 
5 

"2 
41 


3 
19 


11 

3 

4 
1 

1 
18 


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


12. 


50. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


101 


Table  43.     White  Suegical  Cases — Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


„  Ad- 

Causes,  mitted. 

Genu  valgum 12 

Genu  varum   5 

Giant  colon   

Gigantism    1 

Glioma    1 

Glossitis   .•  •  •  •       1 

Goitre   8 

Goitre,  colloid 4 

Goitre,  cystic   

Goitre,  exophthalmic   39 

Gonorrhoea!  adenitis,  inguinal 4 

Gonorrheal  arthritis    22 

Gonorrhceal  arthritis,  ankle 1 

Gonorrhceal  arthritis,  hip 1 

Gonorrhceal  arthritis,  knee 11 

Gonorrhceal  arthritis,  shoulder 

Gonorrhceal  arthritis,  wrist 4 

Gonorrhceal  ophthalmia 1 

Gonorrhceal  peritonitis 

Gonorrhceal  salpingitis 

Gonorrhceal  urethritis   1 

Granuloma    3 

Growth,  axilla   (new) 1 

Gumma 11 

Gumma,  back  

Gumma,  face 1 

Gumma,  frontal  bone 2 

Gumma,  liver   1 

Gumma,  testicle 3 

Gumma,  toe 

Hallux  valgus 4 

Hammer-toes 3 

Harelip  17 

Harelip  and  cleft  palate 

Headache   1 

Hemangioma 2 

Hematemesis    2 

Hematoma  21 

Hematoma,  scalp  1 

Hematomyelia    10 

Hematoporphyrinuria    

Hematuria  33 

Hemianopsia  1 

Hemiplegia    2 

Hemophilia   2 

Hemopneumothorax    1 

Hemorrhage    27 

Hemorrhage,  cerebral   2 

Hemorrhage,  intestinal 1 

Hemorrhage,  pancreatic   1 

Hemorrhage,  postoperative 2 

Hemorrhage,  subdural  1 

Hemorrhoids  227 

Hepatitis    1 


Died.     Per  cent. 


33 


11 


10 


50 


14 

50 

100 


100 


Ad- 
mitted. 

1 
2 
1 


41 
19 

3 
156 

1 
14 


Died. 


13 

2 
5 
2 


30 
1 


Per 

cent. 


100. 


66. 


100. 


102 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  43.     White  Subgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Females. 


Causes.  mitted    ^ied.    Per  cent. 

Hernia,  abdominal 1       

Hernia  cerebri   4  3         75.0 

Hernia,  epigastric  2       

Hernia,  femoral 16       

Hernia,  femoral,  strangulated 8  4         50.0 

Hernia,  inguinal 648  5  0.8 

Hernia,  inguinal,  double  28 

Hernia,  inguinal,  left 27 

Hernia,  inguinal,  right 80 

Hernia,  inguinal,  strangulated 62  8         12.9 

Hernia,  postoperative 3 

Hernia,  umbilical    10 

Hernia,  umbilical,  strangulated....       2  50.0 

Hernia,  ventrical 10 

Herpes    1 

Hodgkin's  disease  21 

Horseshoe  kidney   1 

Hydrocele 120  1  1.7 

Hydrocephalus   22  8         36.4 

Hydronephrosis    5       

Hydrosalpinx    

Hyperacidity ! 1  1       100.0 

Hypernephroma   4  2         50.0 

Hyperthyroidism    

Hypertrophied  breast 4 

Hypertrophied  tonsils  and  adenoids.       1 

Hypertrophy,  turbinates   3 

Hypertrophy   10  1         10.0 

Hypopituitarism    6 

Hypospadias    20 

Hypothyroidism 

Hysteria 4 

Hysterical  hip 1 

Hysterical  spine 

Icterus    1  1       100.0 

Idiocy    2 

Imbecility    

Incontinence,  feces  1 

Incontinence,  urine 7 

Induration,  penis 1 

Infantilism    2 

Infarct,  septic 

Infection,  antrum   

Infection,  orbit 

Inflammation,  antrum  of  Highmore.       1 

Inflammation,  intestinal 1 

Inflammation,  palate 1 

Inflammation,  ureteral  orifice 1 

Influenza    1 

Ingrowing  toe-nail 3 

Injury,  head   1 

Insanity    1 

Intestinal  obstruction 40         11         27.5 

Intestinal  obstruction,  strangulated      2  1        50.0 


Ad- 
mitted. 


21 
12 
35 
1 
3 
6 
3 

20 
6 

20 

io 

"2 

10 

1 

1 

1 

2 

i 

3 

6 
13 

2 
3 

2 
1 

"i 

1 

2 


Died. 


1 

4 

i 

13 
1 


Per 

cent. 


4. 
16. 


33. 

10. 
50. 
10. 

10 


30. 


100. 


38, 
100, 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


103 


Table  43.     White  Sxtegicae  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


r,  Ad- 

Intestinal  obstruction,  volvulus 4 

Intussusception    4 

Irritable  sphincter 1 

Jaundice,  catarrhal  4 

Keloid  3 

Kidney,  floating 

Kyphosis    1 

Laceration   11 

Laceration,  hand   1 

Laceration,  lateral  ligaments 1 

Laceration,  thigh    1 

Lameness,  intermittent 1 

Laryngeal  obstruction   2 

Laryngitis    2 

Leptomeningitis  1 

Leukaemia    2 

Leukaemia,  spleno-myelogenous  ....       1 

Lipoma  12 

Lipoma,  abdominal  wall 1 

Lipoma,  back   

Lipoma,  buttocks 1 

Lipoma,  groin 2 

Lipoma,  shoulder 

Loose  cartilage 1 

Lordosis   1 

Lues,  cerebral 1 

Lumbago    2 

Lupus  vulgaris 

Lymphangioma    5 

Lymphangitis  4 

Lympho-sarcoma    3 

Malformation,     external     genitalia, 

congenital    1 

Malformation,  anus,  congenital 1 

Malformation,  thumb 1 

Mastitis    

Mastoiditis    23 

Measles 1 

Melano-sarcoma    1 

Melena    1 

Meningitis   18 

Meningitis,  cerebro-spinal 1 

Meningocele    2 

Meningo-encephalocele   

Metatarsalgia   

Microcephalia  

Migraine    3 

Mitral  insufficiency 1 

Morphinism 3 

Myasthenia  gravis 

Myelitis    2 

Myeloma    

Myoma,  hand   1 

Myoma,  uterus  


Died.    Per  cent. 


25 


33 


10 


55 


Ad- 
mitted. 


17 
19 


Per 

cent. 

50. 


100. 


104 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  43.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Females. 


Causes.  _^?Ij 

mitted. 

Myositis    3 

Myxo-fibroma    1 

Myxoma   

Myxoma,  breast 

Myxo-sarcoma 2 

Nasal  spur 1 

Necrosis   2 

Necrosis,  inferior  maxilla  2 

Necrosis,  jaw 

Necrosis,  ribs  3 

Necrosis,  skull   2 

Necrosis,  superior  maxilla 1 

Necrosis,  vertebrae 1 

Neoplasm,  cerebral   1 

Nephritis    7 

Nephrolithiasis 3 

Nephroptosis 4 

Neuralgia    14 

Neuralgia,  facial   59 

Neuralgia,  post-zoster 1 

Neurasthenia    31 

Neurasthenia,  sexual 1 

Neuritis    4 

Neuritis,  alcoholic 1 

Neuritis,  sciatic  1 

Neuroma    3 

Neuromata    

Neurosis    1 

Neurosis,  gastric  5 

Neurosis,  traumatic 6 

Nevus,  pigmented   1 

Non-erupted  tooth 1 

Obesity   1 

Obstruction,  oesophageal   1 

CEdema 2 

CEdema,  arm 

CEdema,  cerebral  1 

CEdema,  foot 1 

CEdema,  leg 

Onychia    

Orchitis    8 

Osteitis  deformans    1 

Osteoarthritis    11 

Osteochondroma 2 

Osteoma   6 

Osteomyelitis    168 

Osteomyelitis,  astragalus 1 

Osteomyelitis,  femur 21 

Osteomyelitis,  fibula 2 

Osteomyelitis,  frontal  bone 1 

Osteomyelitis,  humerus 9 

Osteomyelitis,  ilium  2 

Osteomyelitis,  inferior  maxilla 2 

Osteomyelitis,  multiple 2 


Died.     Per  cent. 


50 


Ad- 
mitted. 


10 

4 


Per 

cent. 


17 

82 


30 


1 

1 
1 

i 
l 

i 

2 

1 

2 

64 

3 
1 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


105 


Table  43.     White  Sukgical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Females. 


Causes.  nn^d.   Died.    Percent. 

Osteomyelitis,  os  calcis 

Osteomyelitis,  pelvis 3       

Osteomyelitis,  phalanges 4       

Osteomyelitis,  radius   2       

Osteomyelitis,  rib 5       

Osteomyelitis,  sternum 1       

Osteomyelitis,  tibia 19        

Osteosarcoma,  fibula 

Otitis  media   14  1  7.1 

Oxycephaly    1       

Pachymeningitis    2       

Pain  in  side 1       

Painful  back  2       

Painful  breast    

Painful  heel 1       

Painful  leg 1       

Painful  micturition 1       

Painful  rib    

Painful  scar   1       •  ■  ■ 

Painful  shoulder   1       

Painful  stitch  1       

Painful  wrist   1       

Palsy  1       •  •  •         

Palsy,  cerebral   1       

Palsy,  infantile  cerebral 1  1       100.0 

Pancreatitis 6  1         16.7 

Papilloma,  bladder 19       

Papilloma,  mouth 

Papilloma,  peri-ureteral 

Papilloma,  prepuce   1       

Papilloma,  tongue  1       

Papilloma,  urethral  roof 1       

Papilloma,  vocal  cords 1       

Paralysis    25  1  4.0 

Paralysis,  arm 1       

Paralysis,  brachial 

Paralysis,  circumflex  nerve 

Paralysis,  hand 

Paralysis,  infantile 1       

Paralysis,  obstetrical 1       

Paralysis,  ulnar  nerve 1       

Paramyclonus  multiplex 

Paranoia    

Paraphimosis    1       

Paraplegia   2       

Paraplegia,  infantile 3       

Paraplegia,  spastic 1       

Paratyphoid    1       

Paresis 2       

Parotitis 

Pellagra    1       

Perforation,  intestinal 5  2         40.0 

Pericarditis 1  1       100.0 

Perichondritis 1       


Ad- 
mitted. 

1 
1 
1 


1 

14 


Per 

cent. 


11 

1 

1 
1 
1 


9.1 


106 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  43.    White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Females. 


„  Ad- 

CausPS-  mitted. 

Periostitis    11 

Periostitis,  femur 1 

Periostitis,  radius  2 

Periostitis,  superior  maxilla 1 

Periostitis,  tibia 3 

Periostitis,  typhoid  1 

Peritonitis   15 

Peritonitis,  traumatic 

Perityphlitis    

Pes  cavus  

Pharyngitis   1 

Phimosis 12 

Phlebitis 1 

Pigmented  mole 

Pleurisy   4 

Pleurisy,  diaphragmatic 1 

Pleurisy  with  effusion 3 

Pneumonia    5 

Pneumonia,  broncho- 1 

Poisoning,  bichloride   1 

Poisoning,  cocaine 

Poliomyelitis    4 

Polycythemia 

Polyp,  bladder 1 

Polyp,  nasal   2 

Polyp,  rectal  4 

Porencephalitis    1 

Pott's  disease   1 

Pregnancy   

Proctitis   1 

Prolapse,  rectum 9 

Prostate,  enlarged   644 

Prostate,  hypertrophied 12 

Prostatitis    68 

Pruritus  vulva? 1 

Psychasthenia 

Psychoses,  postoperative 

Ptosis,  congenital 1 

Purpura,  Henoch's    1 

Pyasmia    1 

Pyelitis    22 

Pyelonephrosis 2 

Pylorospasm    

Pyonephrosis    9 

Pyopneumothorax    2 

Pyorrhoea  1 

Pyrexia 

Quinsy 

Rachitis    1 

Ranula    1 

Recklinghausen's  disease 1 

Redundant  colon. 2 

Redundant  prepuce  1 

Relaxed  joints   6 


Died.     Per  cent. 


60.0 


40.0 


37 

2 


100.0 


5.7 
16.7 


100.0 
13.6 


11.1 

50.0 


Ad- 
mitted. 


1 

10 

1 

i 
1 


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


14. 


LOO. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


107 


Table  43.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 


Causes. 


Ad- 
mitted. 


Relaxed  vaginal  outlet 

Resected  elbow 2 

Retention,  urine 4 

Retroposition,  uterus   

Retroversion,  uterus 

Rheumatism    3 

Rheumatism,  chronic  1 

Rhinitis    1 

Rib,  anomaly  of 

Rupture,  biceps   1 

Rupture,  bladder  1 

Rupture,  brachial  plexus 4 

Rupture,  capsule  ankle-joints 1 

Rupture,  intestines  2 

Rupture,  kidney 2 

Rupture,  nerve  trunks  1 

Rupture,  plantaris  tendon 1 

Rupture,  sciatic  nerve 1 

Rupture,  sphincter  ani 1 

Rupture,  spleen,  traumatic 2 

Rupture,  urethra 9 

Rupture,  vesical  sphincter 1 

Salpingitis 

Sacro-iliac  disease 1 

Sarcoma,  alveolar   1 

Sarcoma,  antrum 3 

Sarcoma,  arm 

Sarcoma,  axillary 1 

Sarcoma,  back   2 

Sarcoma,  breast 

Sarcoma,  buttocks 1 

Sarcoma,  cervical  glands 5 

Sarcoma,  cheek 1 

Sarcoma,  chest  wall 3 

Sarcoma,  ear    

Sarcoma,  femur  11 


Sarcoma,  fibula 

Sarcoma,  finger   

Sarcoma,  foot 

Sarcoma,  groin 

Sarcoma,  humerus 

Sarcoma,  ilium 

Sarcoma,  inferior  maxilla. 
Sarcoma,  inguinal  glands. 

Sarcoma,  intestines 

Sarcoma,  intraperitoneal  . 

Sarcoma,  jaw 

Sarcoma,  kidney   

Sarcoma,  knee 

Sarcoma,  leg 

Sarcoma,  lip   

Sarcoma,  mediastinal 

Sarcoma,  melanotic 

Sarcoma,  naso-pharynx  .  . . 


Males. 


Died.     Per  cent. 


25.0 


100.0 
100.0 


11.1 


100.0 
33.3 


100.0 
20.0 


9.1 


100.0 


50.0 


100.0 


Females. 


Ad- 
mitted. 


17 


10 


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


100. 


108 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  43.     White  Subgical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Causes. 


sciatic  nerve 

scrotum   

skin 

skull 

shoulder , 

stomach 

superior  maxilla, 
temporal  bone. . . 

testicle  

thigh 

thumb 

thyroid  

tibia  

tonsil 

vertebral   


Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 
Sarcoma, 

Sarcomatosis    

Scar,  breast 

Scar,  contracted 

Scar,  painful 

Schimmelbusch's  disease 

Sciatica    

Sclerosis 

Scoliosis  

Senile  breast 

Separation  of  epiphyses 

Septicaemia    

Sinus,  abdominal 

Sinus  of  amputation  stump.  . . 
Sinus  following  appendectomy 

Sinus,  arm 

Sinus,  axillary  

Sinus,  back  

Sinus,  buccal 

Sinus,  buttocks 

Sinus,  cervical  

Sinus,  chest 

Sinus,  flank 

Sinus,  foot 

Sinus,  groin 

Sinus,  jaw  

Sinus,  leg 

Sinus,  lumbar  region 

Sinus,  neck  


Ad- 
mitted. 

7 
5 


neck   

orbit  

ovary    

parotid  1 

pelvis   1 

pharynx  

prostate  1 

psoas  muscle 1 

radius 

retroperitoneal 14 

scalp  


20 
6 


Died.     Per  cent. 


1         100 


14 


50 


50 


6       100 


Females. 


Ad- 
mitted. 


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


100. 


100. 


100. 
100. 


75. 


■Statistical  Experience  Data. 


109 


Table  43.     White  Stjkgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


16 


100 


100 


Ad- 
Causes.  mitteO.   Dle(L    Per  cent" 

Sinus,  perineal 3 

Sinus,  pilonidal   12 

Sinus,  shoulder 1 

Sinus,  supra-pubic 3 

Sinus,  thigh   3 

Sinus,   urethral    1 

Sinuses,  multiple 2 

Sinusitis    6 

Skin,   grafting    2 

Slough,  dorsum  of  foot 

Snake  bite 1 

Spasm  of  glottis 1 

Spermatocele    6 

Spina  bifida 1 

Splenomegaly   2 

Spondylitis    12 

Spondylitis  deformans 1 

Spondylitis,   post-typhoid    

Spondylolisthesis    

Sprain,  ankle   4 

Sprain,  back   4 

Sprain,  knee  4 

Sprain,  wrist    3 

Stenosis    1 

Stenosis,  pyloric    5 

Stomach,  hour-glass   2 

Stomatitis    1 

Strain,  abdomen    1 

Strain,  muscular   1 

Stricture,  anus  1 

Stricture,  bile  duct 1 

Stricture,  duodenum 1 

Stricture,  larynx   1 

Stricture,  oesophagus   9 

Stricture,  pylorus   10           2 

Stricture,  rectum    12           3 

Stricture,  ureter    2 

Stricture,  urethra 64           3 

Subluxation,  clavicle    1 

Subluxation,  joint 1 

Subluxation,  sacro-iliac 1 

Subluxation,  vertebra    1 

Syndrome,  polyglandular   1 

Synovitis    5 

Synovitis,  knee   2 

Syphilis    37 

Syphilis,  congenital    

Syphilis,  sternum   1 

Syphilitic  adenitis,  cervical 

Syphilitic  arthritis,  elbow 1 

Syphilitic  arthritis,  knee 1 

Syphilitic  paraplegia    1 

Syphilitic  ulcer,  arm 

Syphilitic  ulcer,  leg 4 


100 


Ad- 
mitted. 


Per 
cent. 


66. 


50. 


110 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  43.    "White  Sukgical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Causes. 


Ad- 
mitted. 

Syringomyelia    1 

Tabes  dorsalis    16 

Talipes   equino-varus    11  1 

Tender  cartilages 

Tenosynovitis   6 

Tetanus    9  5 

Throm bo-phlebitis   1 

Thrombosis     8  2 

Thrombosis,  femoral  vein 1  1 

Thyroiditis    1 

Thyroid,  enlarged  1 

Tinnitus  aurium   2 

Tonsillitis 27 

Tonsils,  enlarged 47 

Torticollis    19 

Transfusion,  blood   1 

Tubercle,  cerebellar   3 

Tuberculosis,  abdominal  wall 1 

ankle 1 

astragalus   1 

bladder  6 

breast  

cagcum 

cutis   3 

elbow   

epididymis    18 


Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 
Tuberculosis 


foot  1 

genito-urinary  tract. .  3 

groin 1 

hand,  tendon  sheaths.  1 

hip 8 

humerus 

kidney   20 


larynx 

liver    

miliary    general.  . 

neck   

os  magnum 

pelvis   

prostate   , 

pulmonary 

rectum  

ribs   

ribs  and  sternum. 

sacro-iliac 

shoulder  

skin 

sternum  

tarsus  

tendon   sheaths. . . 

testicle   

tibia   

trochanter 

vas  deferens 


Died.     Per  cent. 


55 

25 

100 


(Hi 


25 


100 


Ad- 
mitted. 


1 
11 
1 
2 
1 


26 
51 
10 


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


Ill 


Table  43.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Causes. 


Ad- 
mitted. 

,      82 


Tuberculosis,  vertebras 

Tuberculosis,  vulva 

Tuberculosis,  wrist 1 

Tuberculous  abscess,  cervical 1 

Tuberculous  adenitis,  axillary 5 

Tuberculous   adenitis,   cervical 64 

Tuberculous  adenitis,  inguinal.  ....     10 

Tuberculosis  arthritis 76 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  ankle 10 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  elbow 7 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  hip   45 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  knee 28 

Tuberculous    arthritis,     metacarpo- 
phalangeal          1 

Tuberculous     arthritis,     sacro-iliac 

joints    6 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  shoulder....       6 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  tarsus 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  wrist 5 

Tuberculous  cystitis  2 

Tuberculous  meningitis    4 

Tuberculous  peritonitis    2 

Tuberculous  pleurisy   1 

Tuberculous  sinus 

Tuberculous  sinus,  hip 1 

Tuberculous  tenosynovitis    

Tuberculous  ulcer,  foot 1 

Tumor,  abdominal 8 

bladder   8 

bone    1 

brain    153 

breast    1 

buttocks    

epididymis   1 

face    1 

foot 1 

humerus   1 

hypophysis 17 


Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 
Tumor 


kidney 1 

mediastinal    1 

neck  2 

palate 1 

parotid 9 

pons   1 

popliteal  nerve 1 

prostate  1 

scalp    

sigmoid  flexure 1 

spinal  cord 13 

testicle    3 

thyroid    1 

tonsil   2 

trachea   

uterus    


Died.    Per  cent. 
4  4.9 


35 


16 


22 


17 
100 


100 


Females. 


Ad- 
mitted. 

41 
1 


6 

67 
3 

37 
3 
4 

31 

15 


Died. 


1 

82 
2 


Per 
cent. 

4.9 


100. 


17 


14. 
20. 


112 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  43.     White  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Females. 


Ad- 

Causes-  mitted. 

Turbinates,  enlarged    2 

Typhoid  spine    1 

Ulcer,  abdominal  wall 1 

Ulcer,  arm 1 

Ulcer,  back  

Ulcer,  bladder 1 

Ulcer,  cheek   2 

Ulcer,  duodenal   9 

Ulcer,  face  1 

Ulcer,  finger   2 

Ulcer,   foot    6 

Ulcer,  gastric   14 

Ulcer,  hand  1 

Ulcer,  heel,  with  foot 3 

Ulcer,  leg 17 

Ulcer,  lip   1 

Ulcer,  mouth    1 

Ulcer,  nose 1 

Ulcer,  penis 1 

Ulcer,  pylorus 1 

Ulcer,  rectum   4 

Ulcer,  scar  of  old  burn 1 

Ulcer,  thigh 2 

Ulcer,  tongue    1 

Ulcer,  tonsil   1 

Ulcer,  urethra 1 

Ulcer,  varicose  4 

Undescended  testicle    6 

Uraemia    3 

Ureter,  double    1 

Urethral  defect    1 

Urethritis     32 

Varicocele    105 

Varicose  veins    60 

Vera  montanitis 3 

Vertigo   1 

Vesiculitis    1 

Volvulus    10 

Vomiting    1 

Wart    1 

Web  fingers  1 

Wound,  abdomen  1 

Wound,  abdomen,  gunshot 

Wound,  abdomen,   stab 1 

Wound,  ankle,  lacerated 1 

Wound,  ankle,  superficial 1 

Wound,  anus 1 

Wound,  arm,  granulating 1 

Wound,  arm,  incised 1 

Wound,  arm,  infected 4 

Wound,  contracted   1 

Wound,  contused  5 

Wound,  eye  1 

Wound,  eye,  gunshot 1 


Died.    Per  cent. 


Ad- 
mitted. 


Per 

cent. 


33.3 


33.3 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


113 


Table  43.     White  Stjbgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Females. 


Causes-  mitted. 

Wound,  face,  granulating 1 

Wound,  face,  gunshot 1 

Wound,  face,  lacerated 1 

Wound,  finger,  infected 1 

Wound,  foot,   gunshot 2 

Wound,  foot,   infected 1 

Wounds,  granulating  18 

Wounds,  gunshot 57 

Wound,  hand,   infected 2 

Wound,  hand,  lacerated 1 

Wound,  hand  and  arm,  lacerated.  .  .  1 

Wound,   incised    20 

Wounds,  infected 70 

Wounds,  lacerated 45 

Wound,  leg,  gunshot 1 

Wound,  leg,  infected 3 

Wound,  lip,  incised    1 

Wound,  neck,  granulating 1 

Wound,  perineum,  lacerated 1 

Wound,  punctured 6 

Wound,  scalp    10 

Wound,  scalp,  lacerated 1 

Wound,  skull,  gunshot 2 

Wound,  spine,  gunshot 1 

Wounds,  stab    13 

Wound,  thigh   1 

Wound,  throat,  incised 1 

Wry  neck 

X-ray  burn    

*Unclassified 3 

Eye  and  ear  cases: 

Abscess,  epidural 1 

Abscess,  mastoid  1 

Atrophy,  optic 

Blindness   2 

Burn  of  eye 1 

Cataract   40 

Cholesteatoma 

Choriditis    1 

Conjunctivitis    2 

Contusion,  eye   2 

Corneal  opacity   1 

Cyst,  eyelid  

Cyst,  lachrymal  gland 1 

Dacryocystitis    1 

Detachment,  retina 1 

Ectropion,  upper  lid  1 

Endothelioma,  lachrymal  gland.  . .  1 

Enucleation,  eye 3 

Foreign  body  in  eye 21 

Glaucoma  9 

Hemorrhage  after  tonsillotomy..  1 

Hernia,  iris  2 


Died.    Per  cent. 


10 


17.5 


7.1 
6.7 

53.3 


100.0 


Ad- 
mitted. 


1 
6 

10 

1 


18 


Per 

cent . 


100. 


5.6 


*  Includes  cases  of  doubtful  terminology. 


114 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  43.     White  Sukgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Females. 


Ad- 

Causes-  mitted. 

Infection,  orbit 

Inflammation,  middle  ear 1 

Intra-ocular  neoplasm 1 

Irido-cyclitis    27 

Irido-dialysis    1 

Iritis    6 

Irritation,  sympathetic   1 

Keratitis    6 

Keratocele    2 

Laceration,  eye 1 

Mastoiditis    6 

Metal  in  vitreous 3 

Myopia    1 

Occlusion,  pupil 3 

Opacity,  corneal 1 

Ophthalmia   1 

Ophthalmia,  sympathetic 2 

Otitis  media   13 

Panophthalmitis    18 

Phthisis  bulbi 1 

Ptosis    1 

Retinitis    3 

Rodent  ulcer,  cornea  3 

Rupture,  anterior  capsule  of  lens.       2 

Rupture,  eyeball 1 

Rupture,  iris  1 

Sarcoma,  choroid 3 

Sclerosis,  traumatic   1 

Separation,  retina 1 

Staphyloma,  cornea 1 

Steel  in  vitreous 1 

Stenosis,  lachrymal  duct 

Strabismus    4 

Symblepharon    2 

Tinnitus   1 

Trachoma    2 

Ulcer,  cornea   1 

Uveitis    2 

Wound,  cornea 3 

Wound,  eyeball 7 

Unclassified  eye  and  ear  cases. ...       5 


Died.     Per  cent. 


15 


Ad-      D-    ,  Per 

mitted.  mea>        cent 

2 
1 


Table  44.    White  Gynecological  Cases. 


Causes.  Admitted.  Died 

Abdominal    pain    55 

Abdominal   trouble,   obscure    1  1 

Abnormal  mobility  of  synchondrosis 1 

Abortion    10 

Abortion,  incomplete 1 

Abortion,  infected    1 

Abortion,  threatened  10 

Abortion,  tubal  2 

Abscess,  abdominal   14 

Abscess,  broad  ligament 3 


Per  cent. 


100 


14 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


115 


Table  44.     White   Gynecological   Cases — Continued. 

Causes.  Admitted.  Died.     Pe 

Abscess,  ischio-rectal 5 

Abscess,  kidney 2 

Abscess,  ovarian  4 

Abscess,  pelvic   94  2 


Abscess,  perinepbritic 

Abscess,  perirenal    

Abscess,  periurethral 

Abscess,  postoperative 

Abscess,  recto-vaginal  septum. 

Abscess,  renal   

Abscess,  suburethral   

Abscess,  tubo-ovarian    

Abscess,  uterus 


2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

1 

20 

1 

Abscess,  vulvo-vaginal  glands 22 

Abscess,  uterus  and  vagina 1 

Adenitis,  inguinal    6 

Adeno-myoma    3 

Adeno-carcinoma,  uterus   5 

Adherent  clitoris    2 

Adhesions,  intestinal 10 

Adhesions,  omental   2 

Adhesions,  pelvic  4 

Adhesions,  peritoneal    2 

Adhesions,  postoperative    56 

Adiposis    1 

Amenorrhcea    10 

Anemia    2 

Angioma   .  . .  . , 1 

Appendicitis 216 

Appendix,  abscess 3 

Appendix,  adherent  6 

Arthritis  deformans 2 

Ascites 4 

Atresia 3 

Atresia,  uterine  canal  1 

Atresia,  vagina  1 

Bacilluria    1 

Calculus,  biliary  31 

Calculus,  renal    21 

Calculus,  ureteral 5 

Calculus,  vesical  3 

Carcinoma,  bladder   6 

Carcinoma,  breast 2 

Carcinoma,  clitoris    4 

Carcinoma,  coecum  2 

Carcinoma,  colon   2 

Carcinoma,  Fallopian  tubes   1 

Carcinoma,  gall  bladder  1 

Carcinoma,  inguinal  glands 1 

Carcinoma,  intestines   2 

Carcinoma,  kidney  1 

Carcinoma,  liver 3 

Carcinoma,  ovary 49 

Carcinoma,  pelvic  glands  1 

Carcinoma,  pelvis    13 

Carcinoma,  pylorus   1 


2.1 
50.0 


66.7 
10.0 

33.3 


3.6 


0.9 


100.0 

'  6.5 

4.8 


13.3 


33.3 
18.4 


100.0 


116 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table   44.     White  Gynecological   Cases — Continued. 


Causes.  Admitted. 

Carcinoma,  rectum 10 

Carcinoma,  sigmoid  flexure 4 

Carcinoma,  small  bowel 1 

Carcinoma,  stomach    3 

Carcinoma,  urethra   1 

Carcinoma,  uterus,  body 6 

Carcinoma,  uterus,  body  and  cervix 1 

Carcinoma,  uterus 
Carcinoma,  uterus, 

Carcinoma,  vagina  

Carcinoma,  vulva   

Carcinosis,  general 

Carcinosis,  general  with  ascites 

Carcinosis,  peritoneal   

Caruncle,  urethral   22 

Cellulitis  12 


body  and  cervix 

cervix  201 

fundus 31 

20 

3 

4 

1 

2 


Cervicitis    

Cholelithiasis  

Cholecystitis    

Chorio-epithelioma,  uterus 

Cirrhosis,  liver   

Coccygodynia  

Colic,  intestinal 

Colic,   renal    

Colitis,  mucous   


2 

5 

3 

1 

2 

4 

2 

1 

1 

Complete  tear,  recto-vaginal  septum 34 

Condylomata    1 

Condylomata,  vulva 1 

Congenital  absence  of  cervix 1 

Constipation 4 

Contusion,   coccyx    1. 

Cribriform  hymen    1 

Cyst,  abdominal   1 

Cyst,  Bartholin's  glands 5 

Cyst,  corpus  luteum 5 

Cyst,  ovarian  158 

Cyst,  ovarian,  Graafian  follicle 15 

Cyst,  ovarian,  infected  2 

Cyst,  ovarian,  intraligamentary 4 

Cyst,  ovarian,  parovarian 1 

Cyst,  parovarian 28 

Cyst,  perineal 1 

Cyst,  retroperitoneal  . 1 

Cyst,  tubo-ovarian 1 

Cyst,  vaginal   1 

Cystic  kidney 1 

Cystic  ovary 1 

Cystitis    132 

Cystitis,  ulcerative 2 

Cystocele 14 

Deciduoma  malignum  2 

Descensus  uteri 14 

Diabetes  mellitus 2 

Diastasis,  rectal  muscles 2 

Dilated  veins 1 

Dislocation,  ureter  1 


Died. 

1 
1 


1 
1 

24 


Per  cent. 
10.0 
25.0 

oo.6 

16.7 

100.0 

11.9 


25.0 


4.5 


2.9 


4.4 
6.7 


50.0 
50.6 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


117 


Table    44.     White   Gynecological   Cases — Continued. 

Causes.  Admitted.  Died.    Per  cent. 

Dysmenorrhea    294 

Dyspareunia 2 

Dysuria   1 

Eczema    1 

Elongated  cervix    2 

Emphysema    1 

Endocervicitis   13 


Endometritis    

Enlarged  floating  spleen , 

Enteroptosis 

Enuresis    , 

Epilepsy    

Epithelioma   

Epithelioma,  thigh  , 

Epithelioma,  vulva 

Erosion,  cervix   

Eversion,  rectal  mucosa 

Examination,  cystoscopic  

Fecal  impaction    

Fever,  typhoid  

Fibroid,  labium  maius 

Fibroid,  uterus 

Fibroma,  ovary  

Fissure  in  ano 

Fistula,  abdominal  and  recto-vaginal. 


2 
1 
1 

4 

O 
.    .  £> 

1 
1 
1 
4 
1 
2 
5 
5 
1 

Fistula  in  ano   13 

1 
1 
2 
1 
6 
1 
1 
2 
2 
2 
..  34 
1 
1 
2 
1 
1 
2 
2 
1 
3 
1 
2 
1 
2 


Fistula,  biliary   

Fistula,  fecal 

Fistula,  urethro-vesico-vaginal   

Fistula,  recto-cervical   

Fistula,  recto-vaginal 

Fistula,  recto-vesico-vaginal    

Fistula,  uretero-abdominal 

Fistula,  uretero-vaginal 

Fistula,  vesico-abdominal 

Fistula,  vesico-urethro-vaginal  

Fistula,  vesico-vaginal    

Fracture,  coccyx  

Gastroptosis   

Gonorrhoea    

Gonorrhoea!  peritonitis  

Granuloma,  urethra  . 

Gumma,  liver 

Hematocele    

Hematokolpos    

Hematoma    

Hematoma,  ovary 

Hematoma,  pelvic 

Hematometra 

Hematosalpinx    

Hematuria    19 

Hemorrhage    -     1 

Hemorrhage,  postoperative   1 

Hemorrhage,  uterine  48 

Hemorrhoids    33 


100 


.-" 


50 


118  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table   44.     White   Gynecological   Cases — Continued. 

Causes.                                          Admitted.  Died.     Per  cent. 

Hernia,  femoral    10       

Hernia,  inguinal 16       

Hernia,  postoperative   19  3         15.8 

Hernia,  umbilical 21       

Hernia,  vaginal 1       

Hernia,  ventral 36       

Hydatidiform  mole 1       

Hydro-appendix  . . , 1       

Hydrocele,  inguinal  canal 1       

Hydronephrosis    14  1           7.1 

Hydrosalpinx  20       

Hyperemesis  gravidarum  2       

Hyperesthesia    1       

Hyperesthesia,  vagina 1       

Hyperesthesia,  vulva 1       

Hypernephroma    2  1         50.0 

Hypertrophy,  cervix 62       

Hypertrophy  and  erosion  of  cervix 1       

Hypertrophy,  labia  and  clitoris 1       

Hypertrophy  and  prolapse  of  uterus 1       

Hysteria    5       

Ileus 1       

Imperforate  hymen   1       

Incontinence,  urine   10       

Infantile  pelvic  organs    3       

Infantile  uterus    2       

Infection,  puerperal 4  1         25.0 

Infection,  renal,  bilateral 1       

Infection,  Skene's  glands  3       

Intestinal  obstruction  6  2         33.3 

Intestinal  perforation  1  1       100.0 

Jaundice 3       

Kidney  atrophy 1       

Kraurosis  vulva?  1       

Laceration,  cervix    54       

Leucorrhcea    34       

Leukaemia,  spleno-myelogenous 2       

Malformation,  pelvis  1       

Menopause    1       

Menorrhagia    45       

Metrorrhagia   164  1           0.6 

Morphinism 3       

Movable  spleen  1       

Myoma,  uterus 398  12           3.0 

Necrosis,  sacrum 1       

Nephralgia    13       

Nephritis 6       

Nephrolithiasis   5  1         20.0 

Nephroptosis    181  1           0.6 

Neurasthenia   27       

Neuritis    1       

Osteomyelitis  1       

Papilloma,  bladder 5       

Papilloma,  ovan^    3       

Pelvic  inflammatory  disease 17       


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


119 


Table   44.     White   Gynecological   Cases — Continued. 


Causes. 


Perihepatitis    

Perimetritis   1 

Periproctitis 1 

Peritonitis,  general   32 

Peritonitis,  pelvic 3 

Periureteritis  1 

Phlebitis    1 

Polyp  cervical 26 

Polyp,  rectal 1 

Polyp,  uterine  1 

Polyp,  vaginal 2 

Polypoid  endometrium 7 

Pregnancy    100 

Pregnancy,  extra-uterine   114 

Proctitis    7 

Prolapse,  ovary 12 

Prolapse,   rectum    2 

Prolapse,  uterus  130 

Prolapse,  vagina  6 

Prolonged  and  irregular  menstruation 1 

Pruritus 2 

Puerperal  infection   6 

Pyelitis    39 

Pyelonephrosis    2 

Pyometra    6 

Pyonephrosis   13 

Pyosalpinx    50 

Pyuria   6 

Rectocele 3 

Redundant  vaginal  mucosa 1 

Relaxed  abdominal  wall , 2 

Relaxed  anal  sphincter 1 

Relaxed  recti  muscles  2 

Relaxed  urethral  sphincter 2 

Relaxed  vaginal  outlet  486 

Retained  secundines   176 

Rheumatism 1 

Rupture,  recto-vaginal  septum 14 

Salpingitis    3 

Salpingo-oophoritis 788 

Sarcoma,  ovary 3 

Sarcoma,  pelvis 1 

Sarcoma,  rectum    2 

Sarcoma,  uterus  2 

Scar,  ulcerated   1 

Septicemia    2 

Septicemia,  puerperal  2 

Sinus,  abdominal   6 

Sinus,  abdomino-vaginal    1 

Sinus,  postoperative 16 

1 

4 

1 


Admitted.  Died.     Per  cent. 
1 


Sinus  from  silver  suture  . 
Stenosis,  internal  os  uteri 

Stenosis,  vaginal    

Sterility    

Stricture,  rectum   


12 


15.6 


14.3 
1.0 
2.6 


0.8 


16.7 
2.6 

16.7 

15.4 

4.0 


50.0 
50.0 


120 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table   44.     White   Gynecological   Cases — Continued. 


Causes.  Admitted.  Died 

Stricture,  ureter  3 

Stricture,  ureteral   11 

Stricture,  vagina    1 

Syphilis     3 

Syphilis,  tertiary   1 

Syphilitic  periproctitis   1 

Tear,  sphincter  ani  1 

Tenesmus,  rectal    1 

Teratoma    1 

Tonsillitis  1 

Trigonitis    3 

Tuberculosis,  appendix  2 

Tuberculosis,  bladder   7 

Tuberculosis,  cervix 1 

Tuberculosis,  endometrium  2 

Tuberculosis,  kidney  31  2 

Tuberculosis,  kidney  and  ureter 2 

Tuberculosis,  miliary  general 1  1 

Tuberculosis,  pelvic  general   4  1 

Tuberculosis,  peritoneum  6 

Tuberculosis,  pulmonary   3 


Per  cent. 


Tuberculosis,  rectum  

Tuberculosis,  tubes  and  endometrium 

Tuberculosis,  tubes  and  ovaries 

Tuberculosis,  tubes  and  peritoneum  . 

Tuberculosis,  ureter    

Tuberculous  peritonitis 


1 
2 
o 

1 
1 

2 

Tuberculous  salpingitis    3 

Tumor,  abdominal   1 

Tumor,  liver    1 

Tumor,  ovarian 1 

Tumor,  pelvic   3 

Ulcer,  bladder  1 

Ulcer,  vagina  1 

Ulceration,  rectum  and  vagina,  syphilitic.  . .  1 

Urethritis     26 

Uterus,  anteflexion  10 

Uterus,  bicornate   1 

Uterus,  malformation 1 

Uterus,  punctured 1 

Uterine  retroposition    476 

Uterine  subinvolution   5 

Vaginitis  21 

Varicocele 1 

Visceroptosis    1 

Vulvitis   1 

Wart,  vaginal 1 

*Unclassified  320 


100. 
25. 


0.3 


Includes  cases  of  doubtful  terminology. 


Statistical  Experience  Data.  121 

Table  45.     Summary  of  White  Obstetrical  Cases  for  the 
Period  1904-1911. 

Causes.                                            Admitted.  Died.  Per  cent. 

Labor,  spontaneous  at  term 1265  3  0.2 

Labor,  spontaneous,  premature 57  1  1.8 

Labor,  operative  332  15  4.5 

Abortion    234  11  4.7 

Admitted  post-partum  48  8  16.7 

Pregnant,  not  delivered   190  3  1.6 

Not  pregnant 35  0  0.0 

Total    2161  41  1.9 

Admitted.  Died. 


Per 

cent. 


Number.  *  +        Number 


Labor,  spontaneous  at  term 1265  58.5  3 

Labor,  spontaneous,  premature 57  2.7  1 

Labor,  operative 332  15.4  15 

Abortion    234  10.8  11 

Admitted  post-partum   48  2.2  8 

Pregnant,  not  delivered 190  8.8 

Not  pregnant 35  1.6  0 

Total   2161         100.0  41         100.0 

SEC.  F.     MORTALITY  RATE  BY  CAUSES  ON  ADMISSION,  COLORED 
PATIENTS,   1902-1911. 

Table  46.     Summary  of  Colored  Cases. 


Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted. 

Abnormities,  congenital  malfor- 
mations        11 

Blood    10 

Bones  and  cartilages 78 

Bursas    3 

Circulatory  system   581 

Arteries  and  veins 316 

Endocardium  and  valves  ....     214 

Myocardium    45 

Neuroses    

Pericardium    6 

Digestive  system 387 

Appendix    85 

Intestine 43 

Liver 39 

Gall  bladder  and  ducts 9 

Mesentery    1 

Omentum 

Peritoneum   22 

Lips 

Mouth   3  1         33.3 

Palate,  uvula 

Pharynx   2  1         50.0 


lies. 

Females. 

Died. 

Per 
cent. 

Admitted. 

Died. 

Per 
cent. 

1 

9.1 

14 

1 

7.1 

2 

20.0 

13 

2 

15.4 

2 

2.6 

40 
3 

2 

5.0 

111 

19.1 

165 

36 

21.8 

60 

19.0 

58 

16 

27.6 

44 

20.6 

89 

17 

19.1 

6 

13.3 

17 

3 

17.6 

"i 

16.7 

"i 

31 

8.0 

441 

41 

9.3 

10 

11.8 

95 

10 

10.5 

7 

16.3 

38 

8 

21.1 

4 

10.3 

9 

1 

11.1 

14 

1 

7.1 

1 

100.0 

1 
1 

5 

22.7 

81 

12 

14.8 

122 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  46.     Summary  or  Colored  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Females. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 


Admitted. 


Salivary  glands 

Teeth,  gums 

Tongue   

Tonsils    

(Esophagus    

Pancreas    

Rectum  and  anus 

Stomach  

Ductless  glands  and  spleen  .... 

Carotid  gland   

Parathyroid  gland 

Pineal  gland  

Pituitary  body   

Spleen    

Suprarenal  gland 

Thymus  gland 

Thyroid  gland    

Ear 

Eye  and  adnexa  

Infective  diseases    

Dysentery    

Gonorrhoea 

Influenza    

Malaria 

Rheumatic  fever 

Septicaemia    

Syphilis    

Tuberculosis,  meninges 

Tuberculosis,  lungs 

Tuberculosis,    miliary    

Tuberculosis,  other  forms  .  . . 

Typhoid  fever 

Other  infective  diseases   .... 

Hernias   

Joints    

Lymphatic  system 

Mind 

Miscellaneous    

Diabetes   

Gout    

Obesity   

Rheumatism,     chronic    artic- 
ular    

Rheumatism,  n.  s 

Other  miscellaneous  

Muscles,  fascia?,  tendons 

Muscles  and  fasciae 

Tendons  and  sheaths 

Nervous  system  

Brain,  spinal  cord,  meninges. 

Cranial  and  spinal  nerves  .  . . 

Functional  nervous  disorders 

Parasites    

Poisonings  and  intoxications. . . 


26 
5 

116 

23 
3 


2 

11 

25 

997 

10 

45 

12 

43 

29 

8 

101 

6 

99 

15 

319 

231 

79 

131 

70 

32 

13 

65 

7 

5 

1 


52 

12 

8 

4 

112 

63 

10 

39 

7 


Died. 
1 


144 
1 


4 

10 

6 

30 

13 

37 

29 

14 

6 

1 

3 

2 

17 

2 


14 


21 
21 


Per 
cent. 

12.5 


0.9 


14.4 
10.0 


50.0 

9.9 

100.0 

30.3 

86.7 

11.6 

12.6 

17.7 

4.6 

1.4 

9.4 

15.4 

26.2 

28.6 

20.0 


26.9 


18.7 
33.3 


14.3 
12.5 


Admitted.  Died. 

6 

2  1 
2 

46  1 

8  1 


124  4 
11  2 
19      1 


19 

10 

29 

598 

2 

22 

9 

11 

29 

2 

69 

7 

75 

5 

197 

129 

41 

56 

61 

30 

11 

186 

11 


172 

6 

2 

4 

94 

43 

9 

42 

3 

6 


61 
1 


5 

5 

19 

5 

12 

12 

1 

1 

3 


28 
24 

"i 
1 
1 


Per 

cent. 

50.0 

2.2 
12.5 

'  3.2 

18.2 

5.3 


5.3 


10.2 
50.0 


3.4 

'  7.2 

71.4 

25.3 

100.0 

6.1 

9.3 

2.4 

1.8 

4.9 


3.2 

18.2 


2.3 


29.8 
55.8 

'  9.5 
33.3 
16.7 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


123 


Table  46.     Summary  of  Colored  Cases — Continued. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 


Reproductive  organs 

Functional  disorders 

Mammary  gland    

Ligaments,  ovaries,  tubes. 

Uterus    

Vagina    

Vulva    

Cowper's  glands 

Penis  

Prostate  gland   

Scrotum    

Seminal  vesicles 

Spermatic  cord 

Testicle  and  epididymis  . . 
Tunica  vaginalis 


Admitted. 
81 


3 

36 

7 

.'       i 

18 
16 

Respiratory  system 391 

Bronchi  and  trachea 33 

Larynx  and  epiglottis 

Lung   274 

Nose  and  nasal  passages  ....         2 

Accessory  sinuses 

Pleura 82 

Skin,  hair,  nails 51 

Skin  and  hair 51 

Nails   

Tumors     170 

Benign    51 

Malignant    119 

Urinary  organs 200 

Bladder    15 

Kidney   113 

1 
.        71 


Ureter 

Urethra  

Obstetrical  conditions 
Newborn  child   


Injuries    312 

Grand  total  3762 


Died. 
12 


11 

1 


70 
1 

61 


1 
1 

34 

3 

31 

35 

3 
30 


14 


509 


Per 
cent. 

14.8 


30.6 
14.3 


17.9 
3.0 

22.3 


9.8 

2.0 
2.0 

20.6 
5.9 
26.1 
17.5 
20.0 
26.5 

'  2.8 


4.5 
13.5 


Females. 


Admitted. 

1284 

99 

20 
953 
123 

73 

16 


137 
26 


78 


33- 

45 

43 

2 

748 

545 

203 

140 

39 


13 

1868 

107 

6114 


Died. 
17 


29 


26 


45 
22 
23 
19 


Per 
cent. 

1.3 


1.6 

2.7 


21.2 


33.3 


9.1 

6.7 
7.0 

*6.0 

4.0 

11.3 

13.6 


18       20.5 


7.7 
1.6 


15       14.0 


342 


5.6 


Table  47.     Colored  Medical  Cases. 

Males. 


Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted. 

Abnormities,     congenital     mal- 
formations   

Blood    9 

Bones  and  cartilages 3 

Bursa?   1 

Circulatory  system  549 

Arteries  and  veins 286 

Endocardium  and  valves....     213 

Myocardium 45 

Neuroses    

Pericardium    5 


Died. 


104 

53 

44 

6 


Per 

cent. 


22.2 


18.9 
18.5 
20.7 
13.3 

20.6 


Females. 


Admitted.     Died. 


13 

1 


153 
46 


17 


36 

16 

17 

3 


Per 

cent. 


15.4 


23.5 
34.8 
19.1 
17.6 


124 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table   47.     Colored  Medical  Cases — Continued 

Males.  ] 


5 
14 
33 

3 


16 


16 

2 


Diseases  and  couditions. 

Digestive  system  102 

Appendix   

Intestine    

Liver    

Gall  bladder  and  ducts  . . . 

Mesentery    

Omentum   

Peritoneum 

Lips 

Mouth   

Palate,  uvula 

Pharynx   

Salivary  glands   

Teeth,  gums   

Tongue    

Tonsils    

(Esophagus    

Pancreas    

Rectum  and  anus 

Stomach    

Ductless  glands  and  spleen. . 

Carotid  gland  

Parathyroid  gland 

Pineal  gland   

Pituitary  body   

Spleen    

Suprarenal  gland 

Thymus  gland    

Thyroid  gland    

Ear    

Eye  and  adnexa 

Infective  diseases  

Dysentery    

Gonorrhoea    

Influenza    

Malaria    

Rheumatic  fever   

Septicaemia    

Syphilis    

Tuberculosis,  meninges  . . 

Tuberculosis,  lungs 

Tuberculosis,  miliary  .... 

Tuberculosis,  other  forms 


Admitted.      Died. 

6 
1 


1 

2 

3 

606 

9 

22 

12 

43 

29 

4 

70 

5 

95 

15 

50 


Typhoid  fever 215 


Other  infective  diseases 

Hernige   , 

Joints    , 

Lymphatic  system 

Mind    

Miscellaneous  diseases 

Diabetes   

Gout    

Obesity   


37 

25 
10 
12 
35 

7 
5 
1 


95 
1 


9 
5 
28 
13 
16 
19 
1 


1 

1 

13 

2 
1 


Per 
cent. 

5.9 
20.0 

6.1 


16.7 
50.0 

14.3 


15.7 
11.1 


75.0 

12.9 

100.0 

29.5 

86.7 

32.0 

8.8 

2.7 


10.0 
8.3 
37.1 
28.6 
20.0 


Admitted. 

62 

5 
12 

6 

5 


9 

1 

1 
4 
1 

io 


5 

1 

4 
360 

2 
11 

9 
10 
29 

2 
41 

7 
69 

5 

29 

121 

25 

19 
4 
10 
34 
10 


Died. 
5 


50 
1 


5 

19 

5 

6 

10 


Per 

cent. 

8.1 

'  8.3 

16.7 


11.1 


10.0 


14.3 


13.9 
50.0 


3.4 

7.3 
71.4 

27.5 

100.0 

20.7 

8.3 


11.8 
20.0 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


125 


Table   47.     Colored  Medical  Cases — Continued 

Males.  Females. 


Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted.      Died. 

Rheumatism,     chronic'   artic- 
ular    

Rheumatism,  n.  s 

Other  miscellaneous   22 

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons   7 

Muscles  and  fascia? 6 

Tendons  and  sheaths   1 

Nervous  system  71 

Brain,  spinal  cord,  meninges.       44 

Cranial  and  spinal  nerves...         5 

Functional  nervous  disorders       22 

Parasites    3 

Poisonings  and  intoxications. . .         7 
Reproductive  organs 4 

Functional  disorders 

Mammary  gland 

Ligaments,  ovaries,  tubes .... 

Uterus     

Vagina    

Vulva    

Cowper's  glands 

Penis    

Prostate  gland   

Scrotum    

Seminal  vesicles 

Spermatic  cord 

Testicle  and  epididymis 2 

Tunica  vaginalis 

Respiratory  system 368 

Bronchi  and  trachea 33 

Larynx  and  epiglottis 

Lung   273 

Nose  and  nasal  passages 

Accessory  sinuses 

Pleura    62 

Skin,  hair,  nails 3 

Skin  and  hair 3 

Nails    

Tumors 48 

Benign    11 

Malignant    37 

Urinary  organs    115 

Bladder  1 

Kidney    103 

Ureter 

Urethra 11 

Obstetrical  conditions    

Newborn  child 1 

Injuries    2 


Per 

cent. 


10  45.5 


15         21.1 
15         34.1 


66 
1 

60 


28 


28 


14.3 


17.9 
3.0 


22.0 


8.1 


18.8 

9.1 

21.6 

24.3 

27.2 


50.0 


Admitted.      Died. 


22 
1 


1 
65 
28 

3 
34 

6 
12 


10 
2 


125 
26 


76 


23 
4 


29 
16 

13 

70 

1 

67 

2 

7 


18 
14 

4 

1 


26 


1 
1 

1 

5 

2 

3 

18 


Per 
cent. 


9.1 

27.7 
50.0 

11.8 

16.7 


20.8 


52.9 


4.3 
25.0 
25.0 

17.2 
12.5 
23.1 

25.7 


18   26.9 


Grand  total 1988 


342 


17.2 


986 


166   16.8 


126 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  48.     Colobed  Suegical  Cases. 


Males. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 

Abnormities,  congenital  mal- 
formations  

Blood    

Bones  and  cartilages 

Bursse    

Circulatory  system 

Arteries  and  veins 

Endocardium  and  valves  .... 

Myocardium    

Neuroses    

Pericardium    

Digestive  system  

Appendix   

Intestine 

Liver  

Gall  bladder  and  ducts 

Mesentery    

Omentum 

Peritoneum    

Lips  

Mouth   

Palate,  uvula 

Pharynx  

Salivary  glands   

Teeth,  gums 

Tongue   

Tonsils    

CEsophagus    

Pancreas  

Rectum  and  anus 

Stomach  

Ductless  glands  and  spleen  .... 

Carotid  gland 

Parathyroid  gland 

Pineal  gland  

Pituitary  body 

Spleen 

Suprarenal  gland 

Thymus  gland 

Thyroid  gland 

Ear    

Eye  and  adnexa 

Infective  diseases    

Dysentery 

Gonorrhoea    

Influenza    

Malaria 

Rheumatic  fever 

Septicemia    

Syphilis    

Tuberculosis,  meninges 

Tuberculosis,  lungs 

Tuberculosis,  miliary 


Admitted.  Died. 

11  1 

1 

75  2 

2 

39!  7 


1 

285 

80 

29 

6 

6 

1 

16 


2 
1 
5 

10 
5 

116 

7 
1 


1 
9' 

22 

391 

1 

23 


4 

31 

1 

4 


25 
9 

7 
2 


1       100 


25 


4 'J 


Per 

cent. 

9.1 
'  2.7 


50 


12 


25 

3 

100 

50 


Admitted.     Died. 


12 
39 

Q 

12 

12 


207 
50 
19 

o 

7 
1 

15 

1 


2 

1 

2 

36 


59 

3 

14 


14 

9 

25 

197 

10 


21 
3 


19 

7 


100. 

12. 
1. 


10 


Per 
cent. 


9. 
14. 
21. 


33. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


127 


Table  48.     Coloeed  Surgical  Cases. — Continued. 


Males. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 

Tuberculosis,  other  forms  .  .  . 

Typhoid  fever 

Other  infective  diseases 

Hernias  

Joints    

Lymphatic  system 

Mind    

Miscellaneous  diseases 

Diabetes  

Gout    

Obesity   

Rheumatism,     chronic     artic- 
ular     

Rheumatism,  n.  s 

Other  miscellaneous   

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons 

Muscles  and  fasciae 

Tendons  and  sheaths   

Nervous  system  

Brain,  spinal  cord,  meninges. 

Cranial  and  spinal  nerves  . . . 

Funtional  nervous  disorders. 

Parasites    

Poisonings  and   intoxications.. 
Reproductive  organs 

Functional  disorders 

Mammary  gland 

Ligaments,  ovaries,  tubes.  . .  . 

Uterus    

Vagina    

Vulva    

Cowper's  glands 

Penis  

Prostate  gland   

Scrotum    

Seminal  vesicles 

Spermatic   cord    

Testicle  and  epididymis 

Tunica  vaginalis   

Respiratory  system 

Bronchi  and  trachea 

Larynx  and  epiglottis 

Lung   

Nose  and  nasal  passages 

Accessory  sinuses   

Pleura     

Skin,  hair,  nails    

Skin  and  hair 

Nails   

Tumors 

Benign    

Malignant 


Admitted.      Died. 


269 
16 
42 

131 

45 

22 

1 

30 


21 
10 
13 
6 
1 
2 
1 


Per 

cent. 

7.8 

62.5 

31.0 

4.6 

2.2 

9.1 

100.0 

13.3 


Admitted.      Died. 


148 

2 

12 

33 

42 

16 

1 

19 

1 


Per 

cent. 

4.1 

50.0 

8.3 

3.0 
7.1 


30 

4 

13.3 

17 

5 

5 

2 

2 

O 

3 

41 

6 

14.6 

26 

10 

38.5 

19 

6 

31.6 

15 

10 

66.7 

5 

6 

17 

5 

4 

1 

25.0 

2 

1 

77 

12 

15.6 

48 
19 

° 

6.3 

.... 

26 

3 

11.5 

1 

2 

3 

34 

11 

32.4 

7 

1 

14.3 

1 

16 

16 

23 

4 

17.4 

11 

3 

27.3 

1 

1 

100.0 

1 

1 

100.0 

2 

20 

3 

15.0 

10 

2 

20.0 

48 

1 

2.1 

39 

2 

5.1 

48 

1 

2.1 

37 
2 

2 

5.4 

122 

25 

20.5 

135 

9 

6.7 

40 

2 

5.0 

47 

1 

2.1 

82 

23 

28.0 

88 

8 

9.1 

128 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  48.     Coloked  Surgical  Cases. — Continued. 


Males. 


Females. 


Diseases  and  conditions. 


Admitted.       Died. 


Urinary  organs 85 

Bladder    14 

Kidney    10 

Ureter  1 

Urethra 60 

Obstetrical  conditions 

Newborn  child 

Injuries    310 


Grand  total 1774 


13 

167 


Per 
cent. 

8.2 
21.4 
20.0 

'  3.3 


4.2 

9.4 


Admitted.    Died. 

9 

4 
5 


Per 

cent. 


106 
1013 


Table  49.     Colored  Gynecological  Cases. 


17 


Diseases  and  conditions.  Admitted.    Di 

Abnormities,  congenital  malformations.  ...         2 

Blood 

Bones  and  cartilages 

Bursas 

Circulatory  system 

Arteries  and  veins 

Endocardium  and  valves 

Myocardium  

Neuroses  

Pericardium  

Digestive  system 172 

Appendix    40 

Intestine    7 

Liver    

Gall  bladder  and  ducts  2 

Mesentery 

Omentum    1 

Peritoneum    57 

Lips    

Mouth    

Palate,  uvula 

Pharynx    

Salivary  glands 

Teeth,  gums 

Tongue    

Tonsils    

(Esophagus 

Pancreas    

Rectum  and  anus 64  3 

Stomach    1  1 

Ductless  glands  and  spleen 

Carotid  gland 

Parathyroid  gland  

Pineal  gland 

Pituitary  body 

Spleen    

Suprarenal  gland 

Thymus  gland 

Thyroid  gland 

Ear  


15 
79 


14 


ed.     Per  cent 


100 


2 

7.8 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


129 


Table    49.     Colored    Gynecological    Cases — Continued. 


41 


Diseases  and  conditions. 

Eye  and  adnexa 

Infective  diseases  

Dysentery  , 

Gonorrhoea    

Influenza  

Malaria    

Rheumatic  fever 

Septicaemia 

Syphilis  , 

Tuberculosis,  meninges , 

Tuberculosis,  lungs    , 

Tuberculosis,  miliary , 

Tuberculosis,  other  forms 

Typhoid  fever 

Other  infective  diseases , 

Hernia?    

Joints  

Lymphatic  system , 

Mind 

Miscellaneous  diseases    133 

Diabetes 

Gout   

Obesity 

Rheumatism,  chronic  articular 

Rheumatism,  n.  s 

Other  miscellaneous 133 

Muscles,  fasciae,  tendons 

Muscles  and  fasciae 

Tendons  and  sheaths 

Nervous  system    3 

Brain,  spinal  cord,  meninges 

Cranial  and  spinal  nerves 

Functional  nervous  disorders 3 

Parasites  1 

Poisonings  and  intoxications 

Reproductive  organs 1224 

Functional  disorders   99 

Mammary  gland   1 

Ligaments,  ovaries,  tubes   917 

Uterus    122 

Vagina 69 

Vulva  16 

Cowper's  glands   

Penis    

Prostate  gland    

Scrotum    

Seminal  vesicles 

Spermatic  cord   

Testicle  and  epididymis 

Tunica  vaginalis    

Respiratory  system   1 

Bronchi  and  trachea 

Larynx  and  epiglottis 

Lung 1 

Nose  and  nasal  passages 

Accessory  sinuses    

Pleura    


Admitted.     Di 


14 


12 


ed.    Per  cent. 


16. 


100. 
1. 

1. 

2 


130 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table   49.     Colored   Gynecological   Cases — Continued. 

Diseases  and  conditions.                           Admitted.    Died.    Per  cent. 
Skin,  hair,  nails  2       

Skin  and  hair  2       

Nails 

Tumors    584         31  5.3 

Benign 482         19  3.9 

Malignant  102         12         11.8 

Urinary  organs  61  1  1.6 

Bladder    34       

Kidney 16       

Ureter    

Urethra   11  1  9.1 

Obstetrical   conditions 131  2  1.5 

Newborn  child 

Injuries    

Grand  total    2388         69  2.9 


Table  50.     Colored  Medical  Cases. 

Males. 


Ad- 
Causes.  mitted_   Died. 

Abdominal  pain  2 

Abscess 2 

Abscess,  alveolar 

Abscess,  axillary  1 

Abscess,  cerebral  1 

Abscess,  liver 4 

Abscess,  liver,  amoebic 1 

Abscess,  lung 

Abscess,  pelvic 

Abscess,  perirectal 

Abscess,  peritonsillar 

Abscess,  tonsillar    

Addison's  disease 1 

Adenitis    2 

Adenitis,  cervical 2 

Adenitis,  inguinal 

Adenitis,  suppurative 3 

Alcoholism    5 

Anemia  ...        3 

Anemia,  pernicious 4 

Anemia,  splenic 

Aneurism^  abdominal 1 

Aneurism,  abdominal  aorta  1 

Aneurism,  aorta 47  8 

Aneurism,  innominate  artery 1  1 

Aneurism,  thoracic  28  7 

Appendicitis    5  1 

Arteriosclerosis    205         36 

Arthritis    5 

Arthritis  deformans   4 

Arthritis,  infectious   11 

Arthritis,  knee 1 

Arthritis,  villous  1 

Asthma 9 


Per 

cent 


20 


25 
100 

17 

100 
25 
20 

17 


Females. 


Ad- 
mitted. 


5 

37 

2 

7 
5 
1 


Died. 


12 


Per 
cent. 


50. 


100. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


131 


Table  50.     Colored  Medical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


„  Ad- 

Causes,  mitted. 

Asthma,  bronchial 

Atony,  stomach 1 

Atrophy,  acute  yellow 

Atrophy,  progressive  muscular 1 

Barlow's  disease 

Bronchiectasis    5 

Bronchitis    19 

Bursitis    1 

Calculus,  biliary 2 

Calculus,  renal 

Carcinoma,  bladder 2 

Carcinoma,  bile  ducts 1 

Carcinoma,  breast 

Carcinoma,  liver 4 

Carcinoma,  lungs 1 

Carcinoma,  ovary 

Carcinoma,  pancreas 2 

Carcinoma,  prostate   2 

Carcinoma,  rectum   1 

Carcinoma,  seminal  vesicle 1 

Carcinoma,  stomach  20 

Carcinoma,  uterus 

Carcinomatosis 

Cellulitis    1 

Chancroid    2 

Chicken-pox 

Cholecystitis   1 

Cholelithiasis    

Chorea    2 

Chorea,  Huntingdon's 1 

Cirrhosis,  liver  15 

Colitis   

Colitis,  ulcerative 

Conjunctivitis  1 

Constipation    2 

Convulsions 

Cryptorchidism    1 

Cystitis 

Cyst,  ovarian    

Degeneration  of  cord,  posterior  and 

pyramidal  tracts   

Delirium  tremens    1 

Dementia   1 

Dermatitis  1 

Dermatitis  exfoliativa    1 

Dermatomyositis    1 

Diabetes  mellitus 7 

Diarrhoea   3 

Dilatation,  aorta   3 

Dilatation,  stomach    1 

Diphtheria  9 

Dysentery    3 

Dysentery,  amoebic   5 

Dysentery,  catarrhal 1 


Died. 


Per 

cent 


20 


100 


50 


28 


11 


2o 


Ad- 
mitted. 

1 


19 

3 
1 

1 
1 

2 

1 
1 


10 
1 


Died. 


Per 
cent. 


100.0 


100.0 


33.3 

50.0 


100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

20.6 

loco 


132 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  50.     Coloeed  Medical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


„  Ad- 

Causes-  mitted. 

Dyspepsia,  nervous 1 

Ectopia  cordis  interna 1 

Embolus,  cerebral  1 

Empyema 4 

Emphysema 5 

Enlarged  glands 1 

Enteritis    3 

Enteroptosis    

Epididymitis  1 

Epilepsy  4 

Epilepsy,  Jacksonian   1 

Erysipelas    3 

Febricula   12 

Fever,  continuous   6 

Fever,  malarial 43 

Fever,  paratyphoid  1 

Fever,   rheumatic    11 

Fever,  scarlet  1 

Fever,  typhoid   208 

Fever,  unknown  origin 

Fibroma,  uterus 

Fracture,  vertebral   1 

Fracture,  wrist 

Gangrene,  toes 

Gastralgia    

Gastritis    9 

Gastro-enteritis    5 

Glaucoma 

Glycosuria   1 

Goitre,  exophthalmic   1 

Gonorrhoea    2 

Gonorrhceal  arthritis   20 

Gout    5 

Heart  diseases. 

Aortic  insufficiency 77 

Aortic  and  cardiac  insufficiency..       1 
Aortic  and  mitral  insufficiency.  . .     74 
Aortic,  mitral  and  myocardial  in- 
sufficiency           1 

Aortic     and     myocardial     insuffi- 
ciency          3 

Aortic    and    mitral    insufficiency 

and  stenosis 5 

Aortic,    mitral    and    tricuspid    in- 
sufficiency, and  mitral  stenosis.    .  . . 

Aortic  stenosis  2 

Aortic  stenosis  and  insufficiency.  .       1 

Cardiac  decompensation    

Endocarditis   15 

Mitral  insufficiency 21 

Mitral     and     myocardial     insuffi- 
ciency           1 

Mitral     and     myocardial     insuffi- 
ciency and  stenosis 


Died. 


Per  Ad- 

cent,      mitted. 


19 


9.1 


1 

19 


11 
1 


20.0 
24.7 
10.8 

33.3 
20.0 


73.3 
4.8 


Died. 


12 
4 

10 
1 

14 

1 

116 

1 

2 

1 

1 
1 

2 
2 


3 

ii 

10 
22 

4 


1 
1 
1 
1 
4 
13 

1 

1 


Per 

cent. 


100.0 


10 


7.1 

8.6 


30.0 

18.2 

66.7 

100.0 

100.6 

50.6 
30.8 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


133 


Table  50.     Colored  Medical  Cases — Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


Causes. 


Ad- 
mitted. 

Mitral  stenosis  1 

Mitral  stenosis  and  insufficiency.  .       9 
Mitral  and  tricuspid  insufficiency       2 

Myocardial  insufficiency    6 

Myocarditis   35 

Pericarditis   5 

Stokes-Adams  syndrome  1 

Hematuria    2 

Hemichorea 

Hemiplegia    8 

Hemiplegia,  infantile 

Hemoglobinuria 

Hemorrhage    2 

Hemorrhage,  cerebral    2 

'  Hepatitis    

Herpes  zoster   1 

Hodgkin's  disease 2 

Hyperacidity 

Hypernephroma 

Hyperthyroidism     

Hypertrophy,  prostate   1 

Hysteria  1 

Imbecility    1 

Impetigo    

Infarction,  pulmonary 

Infection,      strongyloides      intestin- 

alis    1 

Influenza    12 

Insanity    1 

Intestinal  hemorrhage 1 

Jaundice 2 

Jaudice,  catarrhal  12 

Leukaemia    1 

Leukaemia,  lymphatic 1 

Locomotor  ataxia    2 

Lues 1 

Lues,  cerebral 5 

Lues,  secondary  11 

Lues,  tertiary  10 

Lympho-sarcoma    1 

Malnutrition    

Mania    1 

Measles  4 

Mediastinitis     1 

Meningitis   15 

Meningitis,  cerebro-spinal 6 

Mikulicz's  disease   1 

Myalgia    2 

Myelitis    

Myoma,  uterus 

Myomata    

Myxcedema    

Neoplasm   1 

Nephritis    100         28 


22.2 
50.0 

17.1 

20.0 


100.0 
100.0 


50.0 


100.0 
50.0 


20.0 


60.0 
50.0 


17 
1 


1 
1 
1 

ii 


28.0 


1 
4 
1 
1 

56 


17.6 


1       100.0 
4         44.4 


2       100. 


1       100. 


50. 


17 


100.0 


57.1 

66.7 


100.0 
50.0 


30.4 


134 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  50.     Colored  Medical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Lauses-  mitted. 

Neuralgia 1 

Neurasthenia    10 

Neuritis,  optic    

Neuritis,  peripheral    1 

Neuro-flbromata 

Neurosis    1 

Obesity   1 

Osteoarthritis    1 

Osteomyelitis    1 

Otitis  media 2 

Palsy 

Panophthalmitis    1 

Paralysis    •. 1 

Paralysis,  bulbar 

Paralysis,    obstetrical    

Paramyoclonus  multiplex  1 

Paraplegia,  spastic   3 

Parotitis 3 

Pellagra    2 

Pelvic   disease    

Periostitis    1 

Peritonitis   6 

Peritonitis,  pelvic    

Pertussis 2 

Pharyngitis   

Phlebitis    2 

Pleura,  thickened 2 

Pleurisy    1 

Pleurisy,  adhesive 1 

Pleurisy,  diaphragmatic 2 

Pleurisy  with  effusion  42 

Pleurisy,  fibrinous 9 

Pleurisy     and     peritonitis,      tuber- 
culous          1 

Pleurisy,    peritonitis    and    pericar- 
ditis, tuberculous 2 

Pneumonia    21 

Pneumonia,  broncho-   8 

Pneumonia,  lobar    239 

Poisoning,  alcoholic   1 

Poisoning,  carbolic  acid 1 

Poisoning,  coal-gas   1 

Poisoning,  creosote 

Poisoning,  lead 2 

Poisoning,  mercurial    

Poliomyelitis    2 

Polyarthritis   2 

Polyneuritis    

Polyserositis   4 

Pott's  disease   2 

Pregnancy   

Premature  birth 1 

Prolapse,  colon  

Prostatitis   1 


Died. 


Per 

cent 


5D 


16 


4 
54 


11 


25 


Ad- 
mitted. 


13 
1 
1 

2 
1 

2 


9 
2 

4 
11 

5S 

"2 

2 
"l 


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


100. 


16. 


1 

7 
16 


25.0 
63.6 

27.6 


100.0 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


135 


Table  50.     Colored  Medical  Cases — Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


Causes. 


Ad- 
mitted. 


Psychoneurosis 2 

Purpura    

Pyelitis ... 

Pyelonephritis    

Pyelonephrosis   

Pyonephrosis    

Pyuria    1 

Quinsy    

Rachitis    2 

Recklinghausen's  disease   

Relaxation,  sacro-iliac   1 

Rheumatism 17 

Rheumatism,  acute  articular 1 

Rupture,  bladder  1 

Salpingo-oophoritis   

Sarcomatosis 1 

Sciatica 2 

Separation,  symphysis 1 

Septicaemia    4 

Septico-pyaemia    

Small-pox    1 

Stenosis,  pyloric 1 

Stomatitis    2 

Stricture,  rectum 

Syphilis    42 

Syphilis,  cerebral 1 

Syringomyelia    3 

Tabes  dorsalis   2 

Tenosynovitis   

Tetany    3 

Thrombosis    

Tonsillitis    16 

Torticollis    2 

Tuberculosis    1 

Tuberculosis,  ankle 

Tuberculosis,  brain,   intestines   and 

liver    

Tuberculosis,  elbow    1 

Tuberculosis,  Fallopian  tube 

Tuberculosis,  general 11 

Tuberculosis,  intestines 1 

Tuberculosis,  lymph  glands 3 

Tuberculosis,  miliary 15 

Tuberculosis,  peritoneal    1 

Tuberculosis,  pleural  and  peritoneal       2 

Tuberculosis,  pulmonary 80 

Tuberculosis,  pulmonary  and  intes- 
tinal           1 

Tuberculosis,  pulmonary  and  laryn- 
geal           3 

Tuberculosis,  pulmonary  and  perit- 
oneal          1 

Tuberculosis,  serous  membrane  ....       1 
Tuberculosis,  skull   


Died. 


25 


Per 

cent 


100 


75 


50 


n; 


81 

100 

86 


31 
100 


100 


Ad- 
mitted. 

3 
2 
5 
1 
1 
1 

"i 
l 

2 

13 

2 


1 
1 
1 

i 

l 

32 

1 

1 
1 
2 
1 


1 
2 

1 
5 
1 
1 
62 


1 

1 

15 


Per 

cent. 


1        100. 


100. 


100. 
50. 


100 
100, 
100 

24, 

100. 


136 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  50.     Colored  Medical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Ad- 
mitted. 

4 
1 
6 
2 
5 
3 


Died. 
1 


Causes. 

Tuberculosis,  spine 

Tuberculosis,  sternum   

Tuberculous  adenitis   

Tuberculous  arthritis 

Tuberculous  meningitis 

Tuberculous  pericarditis 

Tuberculous  peritonitis  13 

Tuberculous  pleurisy   1 

Tuberculous  pneumonia 3 

Tuberculous  spondylitis    1 

Tumor,  abdominal 2 

Tumor,  cerebral  5- 

Tumor,  intra-thoracic 1 

Tumor,  mediastinal    1 

Tumor,  neck  1 

Tumor,  spinal  cord 1 

Ulcer,  gastric   3 

Ulcer,  leg 1 

Uncinariasis    2 

Uremia    1 

Urethritis    11 

Vaginitis    

Vomiting    

Vomiting,  pregnancy   

*Unclassified    9           8 


Per 
cent. 

25.0 


16 

100 
33 

7 

66 


20 


88.9 


Table  51.     Colored  Surgical  Cases. 


Males. 


Causes. 

Abdominal  pain 

Abscess,  abdominal  wall 

Abscess,  alveolar 

Abscess,  ankle 

Abscess,   arm    

Abscess,  axillary   

Abscess,  back  

Abscess,  breast 

Abscess,  buttocks    

Abscess,  cerebral 

Abscess,  cervical   

Abscess,  cheek   

Abscess,   chest    

Abscess,  face 

Abscess,  groin 

Abscess,  hip   

Abscess,  intra-abdominal 
Abscess,  intra-orbital  . .  . 
Abscess,  ischio-rectal    .  . . 

Abscess,  jaw  

Abscess,  knee   

Abscess,   leg    

Abscess,  liver  


Ad- 
mitted. 

2 
4 
4 

2 
2 
4 


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


100.0 


100.0 


Ad- 
mitted. 


1 
6 

7 
12 


Per 

cent. 


66. 
14. 
16. 

100. 


100. 


11.1 


Females. 


Ad- 
mitted. 

1 


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


40.0 


*  Includes  cases  of  doubtful  terminology. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


137 


Table  51.     Colored  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Females. 


Causes. 


Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 
Abscess 


Ad- 
mitted. 

1 

1 


liver,  amoebic 

lumbar 

mastoid   

neck  10 

palmar  1 

pelvic  

perineal  4 

perirectal    24 

peritonsillar   2 

periurethral   10 


popliteal    1 

postauricular  1 

prostate  1 

psoas    2 

retroperitoneal 1 

retropharyngeal 2 

scalp    1 

scrotum  1 

shoulder    1 

submental  1 

thigh    5 

tibia  1 

tongue   

tonsillar 

urachus   

multiple    

Actinomycosis    

Actinomycosis,  jaw 

Adenitis,  axillary,  infectious  .... 

Adenitis,  axillary,  suppurative   .  . 

Adenitis,   cervical    

Adenitis,  cervical,  suppurative  .  . . 

Adenitis,  inguinal  

Adenitis,  inguinal,  chancroidal... 

Adenitis,  inguinal,  suppurative  . . 

Adeno-carcinoma,  palate   

Adeno-fibroma    

Adenoids    

Adenoma    

Adhesions    

Adiposis   

Ainhum    

Alcoholism,  chronic 

Amputation,  leg,  traumatic 

Amputation,  stump 

Anaemia    

Aneurism 19 

Aneurism,  popliteal    1 

Angio-fibroma 

Angioma    2 

Ankylosis    

Ankylosis,  knee  1 

Aortitis 1 

Apoplexy    1 


Died. 


Per 
cent. 

100.0 


25.0 


10.0 


100.0 


50.0 


33.3 


50.0 


100.0 


26. 1 


100.0 
100.0 


Ad- 
mitted. 


13 


Per 

cent. 


100. 


100. 


100. 


138 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  51.     Colored  Subgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


n  Ad- 

LaUbes-  mitted. 

Appendicitis    SO 

Arthritis  deformans 

Arthritis,  elbow  1 

Arthritis,  hip   1 

Arthritis,  infectious   8 

Arthritis,  knee  2 

Arthritis,  knee,  infectious 

Arthritis,  knee,  purulent 1 

Arthritis,  knee,  rheumatoid 

Arthritis,  knee,  suppurative 1 

Arthritis,  knee,  traumatic 1 

Arthritis,  knee,  villous 2 

Arthritis,  metatarso-phalangeal  joint  2 

Arthritis,  villous   1 

Ascites    1 

Buboes    

Bullet  in  foot  1 

Burns    4 

Burn,  superficial   16 

Bursitis 2 

Calculus,  biliary 3 

Calculus,  ureteral   1 

Calculus,  vesical 6 

Carcinoma,  antrum 1 

Carcinoma,  back   

Carcinoma,  bladder 2 

Carcinoma,  breast 1 

Carcinoma,  caecum 1 

Carcinoma,  cervical  glands 2 

Carcinoma,  chest  wall 

Carcinoma,  gall  bladder 1 

Carcinoma,  inguinal  glands  1 

Carcinoma,  intestines 3 

Carcinoma,  liver   1 

Carcinoma,  lung 2 

Carcinoma,  maxilla 1 

Carcinoma,  mouth 1 

Carcinoma,   nasopharynx    5 

Carcinoma,  neck 2 

Carcinoma,  pancreas 1 

Carcinoma,  penis 6 

Carcinoma,  prostate 4 

Carcinoma,  rectum  7 

Carcinoma,  scalp  

Carcinoma,  sigmoid    2 

Carcinoma,  stomach  13 

Carcinoma,  tongue 1 

Carcinoma,  tonsils 

Carcinosis    

Cellulitis    28 

Chancroids    7 

Cholecystitis   2 

Cirrhosis,  liver 1 

Cleft  palate 1 


Died. 
9 


Per 
cent. 

11.2 


100.0 


O  O    9 

oo.o 

50.6 


100.0 


20.0 

ibo.6 

33.3 
25.0 
42.9 


53.8 


10. 


Ad- 
mitted. 

50 

1 


2 

"i 
"s 

19 

3 

5 


1 

50.0 

1 
1 

1 

100.0 

1 

1 

100.0 

ed-        cent. 
7         14.0 


100 


50 


lit; 


1  100 
1  100 
1         11 


1       100.0 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


139 


Table  51.     Colored  Suegical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Causes-  mitted. 

Club-foot     3 

Colitis     1 

Concussion,  brain   1 

Condyloma    1 

Constipation    

Contracture,  foot,  following  burn.  . .       1 

Contracture,  hand 

Contractures   3 

Contusions 12 

Contusion,  abdomen   3 

Contusion,  back  1 

Contusion,  elbow  1 

Contusion,  flank    1 

Contusion,  bead  4 

Contusion,  hip   2 

Contusion,  knee  2 

Contusion,  shoulder    

Contusion,  thorax   2 

Contusion,  general 1 

Convulsion,   cerebral    1 

Coxa  vara   3 

Cyst,  breast 

Cyst,  dentigerous 1 

Cyst,  femur 

Cyst,  mesenteric    

Cysts,  neck   2 

Cyst,  thyroglossal  duct   

Cyst,  thyroid  gland 

Cystitis    6 

Deformity,  ears  1 

Deformity,  face    1 

Dermatitis,  blastomycetic 5 

Diabetes    

Dilatation,  colon    1 

Diphtheria 2 

Dislocation,   elbow    1 

Dislocation,  femur    1 

Dislocation,  hip   : . .       6 

Dislocation,  humerus  1 

Dislocation,  semilunar  cartilage.  ...       1 

Dislocation,  shoulder   5 

Dislocations    4 

Dysentery,  amoebic   1 

Eczema 

Embolism,  cerebral 1 

Empyema    15 

Encephalocystocele   

Endocarditis     1 

Enteritis    2 

Epididymitis 16 

Epilepsy    6 

Epiphysitis    1 

Episcleritis    

Epistaxis    1 


Per 

cent 


if; 


13 


Females. 


Ad- 
mitted. 


10 

1 


ied. 


Per 
cent. 


100.0 
100.0 


20.0 
100.0 


140 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  51.     Colored  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


„  Ad- 

Causes-  mitted. 

Epithelioma    5 

Epithelioma,  arm 

Epithelioma,  lip 

Erysipelas    

Erythema    

Exostosis    

Exostosis,  femur  2 

Exostosis,  os  calcis 1 

Fever,  malaria  

Fever,  typhoid   15 

Fever,  typhoid    (intestinal  perfora- 
tion)           1 

Fibro-adenoma,  breast   

Fibro-carcoma 

Fibroma,  rectus  muscle 

Fibromata,  multiple   1 

Fissure  in  ano  2 

Fistula  in  ano   45 

Fistula,  fecal    1 

Fistula,  perineal    2 

Fistula,  urethral   5 

Flat-foot   2 

Floating  cartilage  in  knee 1 

Foreign  body  in  brain 1 

Foreign  body  in  foot 

Foreign    body    in    gastro-intestinal 

tract    

Foreign  body  in  oesophagus 

Fracture,  arm 1 

Fracture,  clavicle 1 

Fracture,  Colles'    3 

Fracture,  femur 25 

Fracture,  fibula   3 

Fracture,  frontal  bone 1 

Fracture,  humerus   7 

Fracture,  jaw   1 

Fracture,  malleolus    2 

Fracture,  maxilla   1 

Fracture,    metacarpal    bone    1 

Fracture,  metatarsals 1 

Fracture,  nose   3 

Fracture,  olecranon 

Fracture,  patella  3 

Fracture,  pelvis  4 

Fracture,  phalanges    2 

Fracture,  Pott's   11 

Fracture,  radius 

Fracture,  radius  and  ulna 3 

Fracture,  ribs 6 

Fracture,  scapula 

Fracture,  skull  11 

Fracture,  tarsus 2 

Fracture,  tibia   15 

Fracture,  tibia  and  fibula 16 


Per 

cent 


60 

100 


25 


16 


Ad- 
mitted. 

2 
1 
1 
3 
1 
1 
1 

"l 

2 


Died. 


14 

2 


1 
14 

2 

4 
1 


Per 
cent. 

100.0 


50. 


50. 


100. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


141 


Table  51.     Colored  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


Females. 


Per 

cent 


\d- 
Causes.  mjtted_   Died. 

Fracture,  toe 1 

Fracture,  ulna 3 

Fracture,  vertebra 3           3       100 

Fracture,  wrist 1 

Frost  bite 6 

Gangrene   9 

Gastro-enteritis    1 

Genu  valgum 15 

Genu  varum    7 

Giant  colon   2 

Glaucoma    1 

Goitre    

Goitre,  colloid 

Goitre,  exophthalmic 1 

Gonorrhoea     1 

Gonorrhceal  arthritis   8 

Gonorrhceal  arthritis,  ankle 2 

Gonorrhceal  arthritis,  elbow 1 

Gonorrhceal  arthritis,  knee 6 

Gonorrhceal  arthritis,  shoulder  ....  2 

Gonorrhceal  arthritis,  wrist 1 

Gonorrhceal  inguinal  adenitis 1 

Gonorrhceal  ophthalmia 1 

Gonorrhceal  peritonitis 

Gumma    3 

Gumma,  arm 

Gumma,  larynx   

Gumma,  liver  1 

Gumma,  nares 

Gumma,  ribs  1 

Gumma,  testicle 1 

Gumma,  tibia  1 

Hammer  toe   

Harelip 5 

Hemangioma 1 

Hematoma    4 

Hematomyelia    5           1         20.0 

Hematuria 5           1         20.0 

Hemorrhage    3           2         66 

Hemorrhage,  intracranial 1 

Hemorrhages,  postoperative 1 

Hemorrhage,  traumatic 1 

Hemorrhoids 31 

Hernia,  femoral 1 

Hernia,  inguinal   83 

Hernia,  inguinal,  double 3 

Hernia,  inguinal,  left 4 

Hernia,  inguinal,  right  11 

Hernia,  inguinal,  strangulated   ....  21           3         14 

Hernia,  umbilical 1 

Hernia,  umbilical,  strangulated 1           1       100 

Hernia,  ventral   5 

Hirschsprung's  disease   

Hodgkin's  disease  1           1       100.0 

10 


Ad- 
mitted. 


1 
1 

17 

10 

2 

3 
3 

6 

5 

1 


Per 
cent. 


12 

2 
1 
1 


16. 


100. 


100. 


12. 


142 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  51.     Colored  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


„  Ad- 

Causes-  mitted. 

Hydrocele    16 

Hydrocephalus 1 

Hydronephrosis    1 

Hypernephroma 

Hypertrophy   1 

Hypospadias    1 

Hysteria 

Infected  arm 1 

Infected  keloid  1 

Ingrowing  toe-nail    

Intestinal  obstruction 13 

Intestinal  obstruction,  volvulus.  ...       1 

Insanity 

Jaundice 1 

Keloid  8 

Keloid,  breast 

Keloid,  face  and  scalp 1 

Laceration,  hand 2 

Laceration,  penis 1 

Lacerations    4 

Lipoma    2 

Lipoma,  back   

Lipoma,  groin 1 

Lipoma,  loin  

Lipoma,  shoulder    1 

Lipoma,  thigh    3 

Loose  cartilage  in  knee 1 

Lues 1 

Lumbago    3 

Lupus  vulgaris 

Lymphangioma    2 

Mammitis    

Mastitis    1 

Mastoiditis    5 

Meningitis   2 

Myelitis    1 

Myoma,  uteri 

Myositis    2 

Myxoma   1 

Myxoma,  breast 

Myxoma,  intracanalicular 

Myxo-sarcoma     

Necrosis,  skull   

Necrosis,  superior  maxilla 1 

Nephritis   3 

Neuralgia    

Neuralgia,  facial  3 

Neuralgia,  intercostal 1 

Neurasthenia    4 

Neurosis 2 

Neurosis,  posttraumatic    1 

New  growth  of  cervical  glands 1 

Obstruction,  intestines 3 

GEdema    


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


100.0 
100.0 


38.5 
100.0 

100.0 


Ad- 
mitted. 

2 

2 


100.0 


Per 

cent. 

100.0 


25.0 


100.0 


33.3 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


m 


Table  51.     Colored  Surgical  Cases— Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


Per 

cent. 


Causes.  m^  Died. 

Osteitis   1 

Osteoarthritis   4 

Osteoma   1 

Osteomyelitis    24  1  4.2 

Osteomyelitis,  femur 1 

Osteomyelitis,  fibula 

Osteomyelitis,  humerus  1 

Osteomyelitis,  inferior  maxilla  ....       2 

Osteomyelitis,  patella 1 

Osteomyelitis,  phalanx 1 

Osteomyelitis,  tibia 

Otitis  media   1 

Oxycephaly    

Painful  ankle   

Papilloma,  rectum 

Paralysis,  facial  1 

Paralysis,  obstetrical   

Paraphimosis    1 

Paraplegia,  spastic   1 

Pelvic  inflammatory  disease 

Pericarditis  1 

Pericholecystitis    1 

Periostitis    6 

Periostitis,  femur   1 

Periostitis,  tibia 1 

Periostitis,  traumatic 1 

Peritonitis     14  4         28.6 

Pleurisy    1 

Pleurisy,  diaphragmatic 1 

Pleurisy  with  effusion 1 

Pneumonia    1  1       100.0 

Poliomyelitis    2 

Poliomyelitis,  anterior 1 

Polyp,  rectum  1 

Pott's  disease 

Pregnancy   

Proctitis     

Prolapse,  rectum  8  1         12.5 

Prolapse,  sigmoid 2 

Prostatitis    2 

Prostate,  enlarged  30         10         33.3 

Prostate,  irritable  1 

Pyelitis     

Pyonephrosis    1 

Pyopneumothorax    2  1         50.0 

Pyosalpinx,  double   

Rachitis   4  1         25.0 

Ranula    1 

Recklinghausen's  disease 

Redundant  prepuce 1 

Relaxed  joints   

Retention,  urine 2 

Retroflexion,  uterus    

Rupture,  bowel 1  1       100.0 


Ad- 
mitted. 


2 
14 


15 


Per 

cent. 


100. 


144 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  51.     Colored  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males. 


n  Ad- 

Causes-  mitted. 

Rupture,  duodenum    1 

Rupture,  liver 1 

Rupture,  sphincter  ani 

Rupture,  urethra 7 

Sabre-shins    1 

Salpingitis 

Salpingo-oophoritis   

Sarcoma,  ankle 1 

Sarcoma,  breast 

Sarcoma,  cervical  gland 1 

Sarcoma,  femur  2 

Sarcoma,  groin 1 

Sarcoma,  heel 2 

Sarcoma,  humerus 2 

Sarcoma,  ilium 1 

Sarcoma,  leg 1 

Sarcoma,  inferior  maxilla 1 

Sarcoma,  inguinal  glands 1 

Sarcoma,  maxilla 

Sarcoma,  neck   1 

Sarcoma,   retroperitoneal    2 

Sarcoma,  right  superior  maxilla 

Sarcoma,  skull  1 

Sarcoma,  superior  maxilla 

Sarcoma,  thigh 

Scabies    

Scar    

Scar,  painful 

Scars,  contracted  1 

Scoliosis 

Separation,  epiphysis 

Septicaemia    2 

Shock,  postoperative 

Sinusitis    4 

Sinus,  back  1 

Sinus,  chest    1 

Sinuses,  perineal  1 

Sinus  over  trochanter   1 

Solitary  tubercle  1 

Sprain    1 

Sprain,  back  1 

Stomatitis    1 

Stricture,  oesophagus    5 

Stricture,  rectum 3 

Stricture,  urethra   34 

Synovitis,  knee    3 

Syphilis    10 

Syphilis,  tertiary 

Syphilitic  periostitis    1 

Syphilitic  ulcer,  leg 2 

Talipes  equino-varus 2 

Tenosynovitis 3 

Tetanus 10 

Thrombosis   1 


Died. 

1 
1 


Per 

cent. 

100.0 
100.0 

14 


50 


100 


50 


100 
100 


10 


100 


Ad- 
mitted. 


5 

18 

4 


12 
1 


Per 

cent. 


50. 


33. 


14. 


50. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


145 


Table  51. 


Causes. 


Colored  Surgical  Cases- 

Males. 


-Continued. 


Females. 


Per 

cent. 


Thrombosis,  mesenteric 

Tonsil,  enlarged 

Tonsillitis 

Transfusion,  blood,  donor  of 

Tubercle,  brain 

Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 
Tuberculos 


arm   

axillary  glands 

breast   

carpal  bone  

caecum    

cervical  glands 

chest  wall 

cutis    

elbow 

foot   

general  

groin  

hip 

humerus 

jaw    

kidney    

os  calcis  

pulmonary 

rib   

sacro-iliac  joint 

sacrum   

salivary  glands 

tarsus   

tendon  sheaths  

testicle   

thigh 

tibia    

trochanter    1 

skull   

sternum   2 

vertebrse 50 

wrist  1 

Tuberculous  abscess,  back 

Tuberculous  abscess,  cervical 2 

Tuberculous  abscess,  chest 

Tuberculous  abscess,  groin 1 

Tuberculous  abscess,  inguinal 1 

Tuberculous  abscess,  n.  s 1 

Tuberculous  adenitis,  axillary 2 

Tuberculous  adenitis,  cervical 80 

Tuberculous  adenitis,  iliac 

Tuberculous  adenitis,  inguinal  ....  6 
Tuberculous  adenitis,  mesenteric  . .  3 
Tuberculous  adenitis,  peritonitis   . .       9 

Tuberculous  arthritis 24 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  ankle 6 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  elbow 8  1 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  hip 6 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  knee   14  1 


1       100.0 


100.0 
14.3 

33.3 

50.6 


14.0 


55.6 
12.5 

'  V.i 


l 

2 
11 

1 
2 
1 


2 
65 

1 

"i 

4 
15 

5 

2 

11 

2 


146 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  51.     Colored  Sxjbgical  Cases — Continued. 

Males.  Females. 


Causes.  m££d>  Died. 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  wrist 8  2 

Tuberculous     arthritis,     sacro-iliac 

region  • 1       ... 

Tuberculous  arthritis,  shoulder    ...       1 

Tuberculous  cystitis 2  1 

Tuberculous  epididymitis 1 

Tuberculous  laryngitis 

Tuberculous  peritonitis 9  5 

Tumor,  breast 

Tumor,  cerebral 6  1 

Tumor,  fauces    - 1 

Tumor,  inguinal  region 

Tumor,  parotid 2 

Tumor,   pelvic    1 

Tumor,  spermatic  cord 1 

Tumor,  spinal  cord ...       1  1 

Ulcer,  corneal 1 

Ulcer,  duodenum 

Ulcer,  foot  1 

Ulcer,  gastric   7 

Ulcer,  leg 2 

Ulcer,  leg,  varicose 

Ulcer,  neck  1 

Ulcer,  penis 1 

Ulcer,  varicose 

Uraemia 

Urethritis    10 

Varicocele    1 

Varicose  veins    8 

Visceroptosis     

Volvulus,  sigmoid   1 

Wound,  abdomen,  infected 

Wound,  abdomen,  gunshot 1 

Wound,  buttocks,  granulating 1 

Wound,  contused  2 

Wound,  face,  gunshot 1 

Wound,  foot,  infected 1 

Wound,  granulating 2 

Wound,  gunshot 21  3 

Wound,  incised    7 

Wound,  infected 9 

Wound,  lacerated    11 

Wound,  leg,  gunshot •     1 

Wound,   punctured    3 

Wound,  scalp   1 

Wound,  shoulder,  gunshot 2 

Wound,  stab   12 

Wrist-drop    1 

Eye  and  ear  diseases 

Cataract   5       ... 

Cataract,  traumatic    1 

Closed  pupil   

Conjunctivitis 

Ectropion    ... 


Per 

cent. 

25.0 


50.0 

55.6 
16.7 


100.0 


14.3 


Ad- 
mitted. 


10 

i 

2 

1 


Per 
cent. 


25.0 
40.6 


16.7 


50.0 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


147 


Table  51.     Colobed  Surgical  Cases — Continued. 


Males. 


Causes.  ££", 

nutted. 

Foreign  body  in  eye 1 

Glaucoma    2 

Glioma,  retina    1 

Inflamed  eyeball    

Irido-cyclitis    2 

Obstruction,  lachrymal  duct   ....       1 

Occlusion,  pupil 1 

Opacity,  lens 

Ophthalmitis 1 

Otitis  media   1 

Panophthalmitis    3 

Pterygium   

Rupture,  cornea 2 

Rupture,  eyeball    

Staphyloma,  cornea    2 

Unclassified     


Died. 


Per 

cent 


Females. 


Ad- 
mitted. 


Died. 


Per 

cent. 


Table  52.     Colobed  Gynecological  Cases. 


Ad- 
Causes,  mitted. 

Abdominal  pain    12 

Abortion    3 

Abortion,    incomplete    1 

Abscess,  abdominal   5 

Abscess,  Bartholin's  gland 7 

Abscess,  breast   1 

Abscess,  broad  ligament 1 

Abscess,  inguinal  gland   1 

Abscess,   ischio-rectal    9 

Abscess,  labial 1 

Abscess,  ovarian  1 

Abscess,  pelvic   104 

Abscess,  perirectal  1 

Abscess,  tubo-ovarian    20 

Abscess,  vagina  and  uterus  1 

Abscess,  vulvo-vaginal  gland 2 

Actinomycosis    1 

Adenomyoma  1 

Adenitis,  inguinal 9 

Adeno-carcinoma    2 

Adhesions,   intestinal    1 

Adhesions,  omental   1 

Adhesions,  postoperative   8 

Amenorrhea    9 

Anemia  due  to  menorrhagia 1 

Appendicitis     40 

Ascites    1 

Atresia,  vagina  4 

Buboes    2 

Calculus,  biliary  2 

Carcinoma,  bladder   2 

Carcinoma,  breast    1 


Died. 


20.0 


5.8 

loo.o 
o.o 


148 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table    52.     Coloked    Gynecological    Cases — Continued. 


Ad- 
Causes,  mitted. 

Carcinoma,  colon   1 

Carcinoma,  kidney 1 

Carcinoma,  ovary  2 

Carcinoma,   pelvic 2 

Carcinoma,  rectum 3 

Carcinoma,  sigmoid  flexure 2 

Carcinoma,  stomach    1 

Carcinoma,  urethral 4 

Carcinoma,  uterus  (cervix)   68 

Carcinoma,  uterus  (fundus)    1 

Carcinoma,  uterus  and  ovary 1 

Carcinoma,  vagina  1 

Carcinosis  2 

Carcinosis,  peritoneum  1 

Caruncle,  urethral  7 

Cellulitis   4 

Cervicitis    1 

Chancroid   3 

Colostomy,  inguinal 1 

Condylomata    1 

Condylomata,  vulva  1 

Cyst,  dermoid   2 

Cyst,  labial 2 

Cyst,  ovarian  45 

Cyst,  ovarian  adeno-cystoma 4 

Cyst,  ovarian  dermoid 1 

Cyst,  ovarian,  Graafian  follicle 2 

Cyst,  tubo-ovarian   1 

Cystitis    29 

Cystocele    1 

Dysmenorrhea    42 

Dyspareunia    2 


Elongated  cervix    

Endocervicitis    

Endometritis    

Erosion,  cervix  

Fever,  typhoid 

Fibroma    

Fibroma,  abdominal  wall 

Fibroma,  labium 

Fibroma,  pelvis 

Fissure  in  ano 

Fistula  in  ano 

Fistula,  rectal , 

Fistula,  recto-vaginal    .  . . 

Fistula,  urethral 

Fistula,  urethral-vaginal 


Fistula,  vesico-vaginal    10 


Foreign  body  in  bladder 
Foreign  body  in  vagina 

Gastritis    

Gonorrheal  peritonitis  .  . 

Hematocele,  pelvic 

Hematuria    


Died.     Per  cent. 


?,Z 


11 


25 


16 


12 


20 


inn 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


149 


Table    52.     Colored   Gynecological    Cases — Continued. 


Ad- 
Causes,  mjtted. 

Hemorrhage •  1 

Hemorrhage,  post-partum    1 

Hemorrhage,  uterine 5 

Hemorrhoids    H 

Hernia,  femoral    2 

Hernia,  inguinal 2 

Hernia,  inguinal,  left 1 

Hernia,  inguinal,  right 1 

Hernia,  postoperative   1 

Hernia,  umbilical  3 

Hernia,  ventral 13 

Hydrocele   4 

Hydrosalpinx  4 

Hypernephroma    2 

Hypertrophy,  cervix    8 

Hypertrophy,  labium 1 

Hypertrophy,  labia  majora   1 

Hypertrophy,  vaginal  wall 1 

Hysteria    1 

Incontinence,  urine   3 

Infantile  pelvic  organs  1 

Intestinal  obstruction  6 

Irregular  menstruation 1 

Laceration,  cervix    3 

Laceration,  para-urethral 1 

Leucorrhoea    6 

Menopause,  artificial   1 

Metrorrhagia   34 

Myoma,  uterus 464 


1 

1 

1 

1 

38 

Pregnancy,  extra-uterine   54 

Proctitis    4 

Prolapse,  vagina 1 

Pseudocyesis    1 

Pyelitis    4 

Pyonephrosis 5 

Pyosalpinx    46 

Relaxed  sacro-iliac  joint 1 

Relaxed  vaginal  outlet  33 

Retained  secundines   30 


Died.    Per  cent. 


9.1 


IS 


50. 


Nephritis    1 

Nephroptosis 2 

Neurasthenia  2 

Papillocystoma,  ovary 1 

Papilloma,  ovary 1 

Pelvic  inflammatory  disease 13 

Perineal  tear   1 

Peritonitis    48         5 

Peritonitis,  general   3         1 

Peritonitis,  pelvic 

Peritonitis,  plastic  

Periureteritis 

Pneumonia  

Polyp,  cervical 

Pregnancy    


50.0 


100 


10.4 
33.3 


3.7 


4.3 


150 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table    52.     Colored    Gynecological    Cases — Continued. 


Ad- 
Causes,  mitted. 

Retention,  urine  1 

Salpingitis    2 

Salpingo-oophoritis    681 

Sarcoma,  canal  of  neck 1 

Sarcoma,  kidney 1 

Sarcoma,  ovary  1 

Sarcoma,  uterus   2 

Septicaemia,  puerperal 3 

Sinus,  abdominal   2 

Sinus,  postoperative 1 

Sterility    3 

Stricture,  rectum   : 27 

Stricture,  ureteral   2 

Syphilis    1 

Syphilitic   condylomata    1 

Tear,  recto-vaginal  septum 7 

Tuberculosis,  bladder    1 

Tuberculosis,  intestinal   2 

Tuberculosis,  kidney  2 

Tuberculosis,  pelvic  organs  4 

Tuberculosis,  pulmonary   2 

Tuberculosis,  retroperitoneal    1 

Tuberculosis,  sacro-iliac  region  1 

Tuberculosis,  tubes    2 

Tuberculous  peritonitis 7 

Tuberculous  pleurisy 1 

Tumor,  rectal    1 

Ulcer,  vagina  2 

Ulcer,  vulva 2 

Urethritis    5 

Urethritis  and  vaginitis 1 

Uterus,   anteflexion    2 

Uterus,  collapse   24 

Uterus,  descensus  1 

Uterus,  inversion   1 

Uterus,  retroposition  71 

2 

1 

2 

1 


Uterus,    subinvoluted 

Vaginitis  

Vulvitis   

Vulvo-vaginitis    

*Unclassifled 


Died.     Per  cent. 


50 


Includes  cases  of  doubtful  terminology. 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


151 


Table  53.     Summary  of  Colored  Orstetrical  Cases  for  the 
Period  1904-1911. 

Causes.    "                                                            jjg^  Died.  Percent. 

Labor,  spontaneous,  at  term 957         1  0.1 

Labor,  spontaneous,  premature 74         2  2.7 

Labor,  operative  173  12  6.9 

Abortion    89         1  1.1 

Admitted  post-partum  21         6  28.6 

Pregnant,  not  delivered 110         0  0.0 

Not  pregnant 9         0  0.0 

Total    1433  22  1.5 


Admitted.  Died. 

Causes.  C  ~     ^ 

Num-  Per 

ber.  cent. 

Labor,  spontaneous  at  term 957    66.8 

Labor,  spontaneous,  premature  ...   74     5.1 

Labor,  operative  173    12.1 

Abortion 89     6.2 

Admitted  post-partum    21  1.5 

Pregnant,  not  delivered   110  7.7 

Not  pregnant   9  0.6 

Total 1433  100.0       22       100.0 


Num- 

Per 

ber. 

cent. 

1 

4.5 

2 

9.1 

12 

54.6 

1 

4.5 

6 

27.3 

0 

0.0 

0 

0.0 

SEC.    G.      SUPPLEMENTARY   AND   MISCELLANEOUS    STATISTICS. 
Table  54.     Admission  Rate  of  White  Cases  of  Malignant  Tumors. 

Males 


Malignant 
tumors. 

1892  58 

1893 46 

1894  50 

1895  77 

1896  99 

1897  95 

1898  82 

1899  94 

1900  95 

1901  104 

1902  92 

1903 97 

1904  117 

1905 108 

1906  103 

1907  99 

1908  U9 

1909  104 

1910  117 

1911  103 

1892-01 800 

1902-11 1059 


s. 

ten 

iales. 

Rate  per 

10,000 

population. 

Malignant 
tumors. 

Rate  per 

10,000 
population. 

3.2 

79 

4.0 

2.5 

99 

5.0 

2.6 

131 

6.5 

4.0 

123 

6.0 

5.1 

122 

5.8 

4.8 

105 

5.0 

4.1 

168 

7.8 

4.6 

123 

5.6 

4.6 

141 

6.4 

5.0 

120 

5.4 

4.3 

112 

5.0 

4.5 

108 

4.7 

5.4 

110 

4.8 

4.9 

91 

3.9 

4.7 

82 

3.5 

4.4 

105 

4.4 

5.3 

108 

4.5 

4.6 

89 

3.7 

5.1 

106 

4.3 

4.5 

70 

2.8 

4.1 

1211 

5.8 

4.8 

981 

4.2 

152  Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 

Table  55.     Admission  Rate  of  Colored  Cases  of  Malignant  Tumoks. 


M 

Males 

: 

Females. 

alignant 

Rate  per 
m.nnn 

Malignant 

:ate  per 
10.000 

i 

-umors-        population. 

tumors-         population. 

1892 

3 

1.0 

11 

2.8 

1893 

7 
3 

2.3 
1.0 

7 
22 

1.8 

1894   

5.4 

1895 

14 
9 

4.3 

2.7 

24 
11 

5.8 

1896   

2.6 

1897 

4 

1.2 

11 

2.6 

1898   

13 

3.8 

17 

4.0 

1899   

12 

3.4 

23 

5.3 

1900 

7 

2.0 

19 

4.3 

1901 

4 
5 

1.1 
1.4 

26 
14 

5.9 

1902   

3.2 

1903 

13 

3.6 

10 

2.2 

1904   

8 

2.2 

18 

4.0 

1905 

17 

4.6 

17 

3.8 

1906   

14 
5 

3.7 
1.3 

20 
29 

4.4 

1907 

6.4 

1908 

20 

5.2 

16 

3.5 

1909   

10 

2.6 

24 

5.3 

1910   

9 

2.3 

24 

5.3 

1911   

18 

4.6 

31 

6.8 

1892-01 

76 
119 

TE   Cases 

2.3                    171 
3.2                    203 

of    Malignant   Tumors 

4.1 

1902-11 

4.5 

Table    56.     Wht 

Males. 

Females. 

A 

Ad- 
mitted 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

Ad- 
mitted. 

Died. 

Per  cent. 

1892  

.  ..       58 

5 

8.6 

79 

8 

10.1 

1893   

.  ..      46 

11 

23.9 

99 

14 

14.1 

1894   

.  ..      50 

10 

20.0 

131 

15 

11.5 

1895   

.  .  .      77 

15 

14 

19.5 
14.1 

123 

122 

14 
14 

11.4 

1896   

.  ..      99 

11.5 

1897   

...      95 

18 

18.9 

105 

9 

8.6 

1898   

.  ..      82 

10 

12.2 

168 

20 

11.9 

1899   

.  ..      94 

13 

13.8 

123 

9 

7.3 

1900   

.  ..      95 

7 

7.4 

141 

15 

10.6 

1901   

.  ..   104 

20 

19.2 

120 

12 

10.0 

1902   

.  ..      92 

18 

19.6 

112 

21 

18.8 

1903    

.  .  .      97 

17 

17.5 

108 

11 

10.2 

1904    

.  ..   117 

16 

13.7 

110 

14 

12.7 

1905    

. ..   108 

19 

17.6 

91 

11 

12.1 

1906   

. ..   103 

14 

13.6 

82 

7 

8.5 

1907    

...      99 

12 

12.1 

105 

13 

12.4 

1908   

.  ..    119 

18 

15.1 

108 

6 

5.6 

1909 

. ..    104 

8 

7.7 

89 

5 

5.6 

1910    

. ..   117 

15 

12.8 

106 

13 

12.3 

1911 

. ..   103 

22 

21.4 

70 

4 

5.7 

1892-01 

. ..    800 

123 

15.4 

1211 

130 

10.7 

1902-11 

...1059 

159 

15.0 

981 

105 

10.7 

Statistical  Experience  Data.  153 

Table  57.     Colored  Cases  of  Malignant  Tumoes. 
Males.  Females. 


mitted.  DiecL  Percent.  J^lfr  Died-  Per  cent- 

1892  3  1  33.3  11  4  36.4 

1893  7  2  28.6  7  

1894  3  2  66.7  22  2  9  1 

1895  14  3  21.4  24  5  20.8 

1896  9  1  11.1  11  4  36.4 

1897  4  11 

1898  13  2  15.4  17  3  17.6 

1899  12  3  25.0  23  5  217 

1900  7  1  14.3  19  4  211 

1901 4  2  50.0  26  5  19.2 

1902  5  2  40.0  14  3  21.4 

1903  13  2  15.4  10  2  20  0 

1904  8  5  62.5  18  2  11.1 

1905  17  4  23.5  17  2  118 

1906  14  8  57.1  20  5  25.0 

1907  5  1  20.0  29 

1908  20  3  15.0  16  2  12.5 

1909  10  2  20.0  24  4  16.7 

1910  9  1  11.1  24  2  8  3 

1911  18  3  16.7  31  1  3.2 

1892-01 76  17  22.4  171  32  18  7 

1902-11 119  31  26.1  203  23  11.3 


Table  58.  Population  of  Baltimore,  Md.,  1892-1911. 

White  White  Colored  Colored 

males.  females.  males.  females. 

1892  183107  196448  30437  39345 

1893 186187  199575  31074  39952 

1894 189267  202703  31711  40559 

1895  192347  205831  32348  41166 

1896 195427  208959  32985  41774 

1897  198507  212087  33622  42382 

1898 201587  215215  34259  42990 

1899 204667  218343  34896  43598 

1900 208217  221482  35063  44195 

1901 210309  223793  35462  44345 

1902 212401  226104  35861  44495 

1903 214493  228415  36260  44645 

1904 216585  230726  36659  44795 

1905 218677  233037  37058  44945 

1906 220769  235348  37457  45095 

1907 222862  237659  37856  45245 

1908 224955  239971  38255  45395 

1909 227048  242283  38654  45545 

1910 229141  244595  39054  45695 

1911 231234  246907  39454  45845 

1892-01 1969622  2104436  331857  420306 

1902-11 2218165  2365045  376568  451700 


154 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  59.     Deaths  by  Sex  and  Color  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  1902-1911. 

p,     ,,  Rate  per 

ueatns.     1000  popuiation. 

White   males    41904  18.9 

White  females    39504  16.7 

Total  white 81408  17.8 

Colored  males   13352  35.3 

Colored  females   , 13058  28.9 

Total  colored  26410  31.8 

Table  60.     Deaths  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  1907-1911. 

Pulmonary  tuberculosis.  Pneumonia. 

, -*1 ,  c K -\ 

Rate  per  Rate  per 

Deaths.  10,000  Deaths.  10,000 

population.  population. 

White  males   2292  20.2  1807  15.9 

White  females    1700  14.0  1684  13.9 

Total  white 3992  17.0  3491  14.9 

Colored  males 1164  60.2  986  51.0 

Colored  females 1016  44.6  846  37.2 

Total  colored 2180  51.8  1832  43.5 

Bronchitis.  Tvphoid  fever. 

, -» ,       , > » 

Rate  per  Rate  per 

Deaths.             10,000  Deaths.             10,000 

population.  population. 

White  males 256  2.3  443  3.9 

White  females 330  2.7  312  2.6 

Total  white 586  2.5  755  3.2 

Colored  males 86  4.4  102  5.3 

Colored  females 118  5.2  78  3.4 

Total  colored 204  4.8  180  4.3 

Cancer.  Heart  disease. 

, ' ,  , > , 

Rate  per  Rate  per 

Deaths.  10,000  Deaths.  10,000 

population.  population. 

White  males   725  6.4  1561  13.8 

White  females 1217  10.1  1650  13.6 

Total  white 1942  8.3  3211  13.7 

Colored  males 71  3.7  600  31.0 

Colored  females  202  8.9  562  24.7 

Total  colored 273  6.5  1162  27.6 

Bright's  Disease.  Accident.  Suicide. 

, * ,    , » ,   r— " > 

Rate  per  Rate  per  Rate  per 

Deaths.         10,000        Deaths.         10,000       Deaths.     10,000 

population.  population.  population. 

Whites 3677    15.7    1987     8.5    441    1.9 

Colored... ..1075    25.5     575    13.7     24    0.6 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


155 


Table  61.     Patients  Treated  and  Days  of  Treatment. 

Ti-patpH  Days  of       Average  num- 

irearea.  treatment,      ber  of  days. 

1892 2253  61772  27.4 

1893 2622  68044  26.0 

1894 3018  76386  25.3 

1895 3386  86289  25.5 

1896 3602  88690  24.6 

1897 3633  87993  24.2 

1898 3815  92701  24.3 

1899 4074  96116  23.6 

1900 4702  100128  21.3 

1901 4363  101763  23.3 

1902 4164  103343  24.8 

1903 4166  10.0879  24.2 

1904 4531  109923  24.3 

1905 4224  100906  23.9 

1906 4550  101178  22.2 

1907 4859  103778  21.4 

1908 4912  102208  20.8 

1909 5085  104654  20.6 

1910 5267  112150  21.3 

1911 5199  100165  19.3 

1892-01 35468  859882  24.2 

1902-11 46957  1039184  22.1 


Table  62.  The  Dispein'sary. 

Medical  Department. 

i — ~" \ 

Number.  Per  cent. 

1892 11967  24.5 

1893 13920  25.0 

1894 14808  26.4 

1895 13755  25.0 

1896 16069  25.6 

1897 16613  25.9 

1898 15199  24.9 

1899 14638  24.6 

1900 15561  23.7 

1901 14070  22.1 

1902 14489  23.4 

1903 14660  23.0 

1904 14097  22.0 

1905 16100  22.5 

1906 12976  19.1 

1907 15654  20.9 

1908 15543  18.6 

1909 13872  17.6 

1910 15658  18.8 

1911 12656  17.9 

1892-01 146600  24.7 

1902-11 145705  20.2 


Surgical  Department. 


Number. 

Per  cent. 

9759 

20.0 

9929 

17.9 

9905 

17.6 

10047 

18.2 

11104 

17.7 

11237 

17.5 

11550 

18.9 

11862 

19.9 

14229 

21.7 

13715 

21.5 

11450 

18.5 

12938 

20.3 

13118 

20.4 

14255 

20.0 

14255 

21.0 

13088 

17.4 

14632 

17.5 

14681 

18.6 

13580 

16.3 

11819 

16.7 

113337 

19.1 

133816 

18.6 

156 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  63.  The  Dispensary. 

Gynecological  Department.  Obstetrical  Department. 

f * ^  r -A. .  

Number.  Per  cent.  Number.  Per  cent. 

1892 3415  7.0      

1893 4678  8.4      

1894 3760  6.7  9 

1895 4017  7.3  369  0.7 

1896 4179  6.7  594  0.9 

1897 3959  6.2  593  0.9 

1898 3055  5.0  758  1.2 

1899 3531  5.9  745  1.3 

1900 3127  4.8  1124  1.7 

1901 2504  3.9  1025  1.6 

1902 2398  3.9  1336  2.2 

1903 2626  4.1  1385  2.2 

1904 2761  4.3  1420  2.2 

1905 3376  4.7  1431  2.0 

1906 3491  5.1  1373  2.0 

1907 4047  5.4  1904  2.5 

1908 4046  4.9  2061  2.5 

1909 3781  4.8  2005  2.5 

1910 4630  5.6  2167  2.6 

1911 3981  5.6  1925  2.7 

1892-01 36225  6.1  5217  0.9 

1902-11 35137  4.9  17007  2.4 


Table  64.  The  Dispensary. 


Children's  Department.  Orthopedic  Department. 


1892 
1893 
1894 
1895 
1896 
1897 
1898 
1899 
1900 
1901 

1902 
1903 
1904 
1905 
1906 
1907 
1908 
1909 
1910 
1911 


1892-01 26098 

1902-11 32721 


Number. 

Per  cent.   Number.   Per  cent. 

2407 

4.9 

2440 

4.4 

2646 

4.7 

2288 

4.2 

2983 

4.8 

3041 

4.7 

2723 

4.5 

2131 

3.6 

2732 

4.2 

2707 

4.3 

323      0.5 

2808 

4.5      ] 

L902      3.1 

2409 

3.8      \ 

!235      3.5 

2563 

4.0     : 

5006      4.7 

2913 

4.1      [ 

5416      4.8 

2556 

3.8      I 

!718      4.0 

3495 

4.7      \ 

!157      2.9 

3770 

4.5      5 

!615      3.1 

3802 

4.8      I 

!354      3.0 

4763 

5.7      \ 

!341      2.8 

3642 

5.2      5 

,426      3.4 

26098 

4.4 

323      0.1 

32721 

4.5     21 

il70      3.E 

Statistical  Experience  Data. 


157 


Table  65.     The  Dispensary. 

Dermatologieal 
Department. 

r— >■ , 

Number.  Per  cent. 

1892 4520  9.3 

1893 5352  9.6 

1894 5182  9.2 

1895 4765  8.6 

1896 5174  8.3 

1897 5229  8.1 

1898 5551  9.1 

1899 6117  10.3 

1900 5929  9.0 

1901 5641  8.9 

1902 5150  8.3 

1903 4439  6.9 

1904 5061  7.9 

1905 5086  7.1 

1906 5058  7.5 

1907 5226  7.0 

1908 5186  6.2 

1909 4695  6.0 

1910 5245  6.3 

1911 5035  7.1 

1892-01 53460      9.0 

1902-11 50181      7.0 

1  From  1907  this  department  is  indicated  as  Women's  Venereal. 


Department  of 
Venereal  Diseases.1 

, * _, 

Number.  Per  cent, 


794 

1.2 

1283 

2.1 

1239 

2.1 

1683 

2.6 

1473 

2.3 

1374 

2.2 

1416 

2.2 

933 

1.5 

1222 

1.7 

947 

1.4 

1312 

1.7 

1241 

1.5 

1290 

1.6 

1284 

1.5 

1119 

1.6 

6472 

1.1 

2138 

1.7 

Table  66.  The  Dispensary. 

Ophthalmological 
Department. 

Number.  Per  cent. 

1892 1977  4.0 

1893 2514  4.5 

1894 2653  4.7 

1895 2812  5.1 

1896 4065  6.5 

1897 4398  6.8 

1898 3402  5.6 

1899 2896  4.9 

1900 3659  5.6 

1901 3510  5.5 

1902 3520  5.7 

1903 3523  5.5 

1904 3031  4.7 

1905 3449  4.8 

1906 3336  4.9 

1907 3326  4.4 

1908 3331  4.0 

1909 3581  4.5 

1910 4092  4.9 

1911 3385  4.8 

1892-01 31886  5.4 

1902-11 34574  4.8 


Otolo1 

rieal 

Department. 

Number. 

Per  cent 

772 

1.6 

928 

1.7 

951 

1.7 

854 

1.5 

1253 

2.0 

1298 

2.0 

1087 

1.8 

1147 

1.9 

1474 

2.2 

1339 

2.1 

1035 

1.7 

1009 

1.6 

1151 

1.8 

1131 

1.6 

922 

1.4 

1264 

1.7 

1496 

1.8 

1159 

1.5 

1414 

1.7 

1038 

1.5 

11103 

1.9 

11619 

1.6 

158 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  67.     The  Dispensary. 

Genito-urinary 
Department. 

i " V 

Number.  Per  cent. 

1892 3847  7.9 

1893 3865  7.0 

1894 4962  8.8 

1895 4393  8.0 

1896 4583  7.3 

1897 5247  8.2 

1898 6210  10.2 

1899 4989  8.4 

1900 5808  8.9 

1901 6715  10.5 

1902 6725  10.9 

1903 6838  10.7 

1904 7755  12.1 

1905 8200  11.5 

1906 9439  13.9 

1907 9503  12.7 

1908 9126  10.9 

1909 8724  11.1 

1910 8383  10.1 

1911 6600  9.3 

1892-01 50619  8.5 

1902-11 81293  11.3 


Laryr 

gological 

Department. 

Number. 

Per  cent. 

4122 

8.4 

4437 

8.0 

4913 

8.8 

4536 

8.2 

5068 

8.1 

4712 

7.3 

3461 

5.7 

3268 

5.5 

3821 

5.8 

3476 

5.5 

3027 

4.9 

3454 

5.4 

3080 

4.8 

3110 

4.4 

3349 

4.9 

3851 

5.1 

4499 

5.4 

4281 

5.4 

4279 

5.1 

3436 

4.9 

41814 

7.1 

36366 

5.0 

Per  cent. 
0.9 


Table  68.     The  Dispensary. 

Neurological  Admitted  to 

Department.  Hospital. 

, * ,   / *— 

Number.  Per  cent.   Number. 

1892 5627  11.5      420 

1893 7135  12.8      376 

1894 5660  10.1      730 

1895 6600  12.0      661 

1896 7115  11.3      531 

1897 6731  10.5      421 

1898 6498  10.6      255 

1899 6925  11.6      18 

1900 6430  9.8 

1901 7171  11.3 

1902 6629  10.7 

1903 6907  10.8 

1904 6196  9.6 

1905 •. 7746  10.8 

1906 6608  9.8 

1907 7156  9.5 

1908 7215  8.6 

1909 6745  8.6 

1910 7063  8.5 

1911 6298  8.9 

1892-01 65892  11.1     3412 

1902-11 68563  9.5 


0.6 


Statistical  Experience  Data. 


159 


Table  69.     The  Dispensary 

Total  Number 
treated. 

1892 48833 

1893 55574 

1894 56179 

1895 55097 

1896 62718 

1897 64273 

1898 61032 

1899 59506 

1900 65577 

1901 63669 

1902 61843 

1903 63839 

1904 64172 

1905 71435 

1906 67861 

1907 75021 

1908 83567 

1909 78849 

1910 83347 

1911 70740 

1892-01 592458 

1902-11 720674 


Phipps'  Tuberculosis 
Dispensary. 


Number. 


833 
3038 

8806 
7879 


7380 


36384 


Per  cent. 


5.0 


Table  70.     The  Dispensary. 

(1892-1901.) 

Department.  Treated.  Per  cent. 

Medicine    146600  24.7 

Surgery    113337  19  1 

Neurology   65892  ll!l 

Dermatology 53460  9  0 

Genito-urinary  50619  8.5 

Laryngology     41814  7  x 

Gynecology   36225  6.1 

Ophthalmology 31886  5.4 

Children 26098  4^4 

otology    11103  1.9 

Venereal »  6472  1.1 

Obstetrical '-   5217  0  9 

Admitted  to  Hospital 3 3412  0  6 

Orthopedic 4   323  o!l 

Total 592458  100.0 

1  From  1897  only. 

2  From  1894  only. 

3  From  1892  to  1899  only. 

4  From  1901  only. 


160 


Frederick  L.  Hoffman. 


Table  70.     The  Dispensary — Continued. 
(1902-1911.) 

Department.  Treated.  Per  cent. 

Medicine 145705  20.2 

Surgery    133816  18.6 

Genito-urinary   81293  11.3 

Neurology   68563  9.5 

Dermatology 50181  7.0 

Phipps'   Tuberculosis   Dispensary 5 36384  5.0 

Laryngology  36366  5.0 

Gynecology   35137  4.9 

Ophthalmology 34574  4.8 

Children 32721  4.5 

Orthopedic   25170  3.5 

Obstetrical 17007  2.4 

Venereal  °  12138  1.7 

Otology 11619  1.6 

Total 720674  100.0 

.  s  For  1906  to  1911  only.      During-  this  period  the  number  of  treated  cases  in  the  Phipp's  Tuber- 
culosis Dispensary  was  7.9  per  cent  of  all  treated. 
6  From  1907  this  department  is  indicated  as  Women's  Venereal. 


MORBIDITY  AND  MORTALITY  STATISTICS  OF  THE  JOHNS  HOPKINS 
HOSPITAL,  1903-1911. 

Table  71.     X-Ray  Department. 

Cases  treated.      Treatments  _        Per  cent  of 

given.  increase  or  decrease. 

1903 114  1461  

1904 101                  1086  —25.7 

1905 65                    901  —17.0 

1906 56                    687  —23.8 

1907 63                   768  +11.8 

1908 44                    566  —26.3 

1909 33                   490  —13.4 

1910 N.  S.                    731  +49.2 

1911 N.  S.                    592  —19.0 

1903-11 476  7282  


RADIOGRAPHS. 

Number. 

Per  cent  of 

increase  or 

decrease. 

Ward 

patients. 

Dispen- 
sary 
patients. 

Ortho- 
pedic. 

Privat 

1903 

1599 

752 

408 

183 

256 

1904 

1394 

—12.8 

654 

455 

152 

133 

1905 

905 

—35.1 

418 

323 

157 

7 

1906 

822 

—  9.2 

405 

289 

124 

4 

1907 

909 

+10.6 

471 

334 

100 

4 

1908 

1064 

+17.1 

508 

380 

176 

N.  S. 

1909 

1401 

+31.7 

717 

557 

127 

N.  S. 

1910 

2484 

+77.3 

1354 

954 

176 

N.  S. 

1911 

4448 

+79.1 

2597 

1851 

N.  S. 

N.  S. 

1903-11 

15026 

7876 

5551 

1195 

404 

Statistical  Experience  Data 


161 


Table  71 — Continued. 

FLUOROSCOPIC   EXAMINATIONS. 

Number. 

1903 26 

1904 57 

1905 162 

1906 175 

1907 161 

1908 177 

1909 69 

1910 84 

1911 84 

1903-11 995 


Per  cent  of 
increase  or  decrease. 


+119.2 

+184.2 


+ 
- 
+ 


8.0 

8.0 

9.9 

61.0 

21.7 


Table  72. 
Financial  Statistics  of  The  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital,  1889-1911. 


Year. 

Expenditures. 

Receipts. 

Net  cost. 

No.  of  patients 
treated,  pat' 

Cost  per 
tent  treated 

1899* 

.$  76,085.51 

$  7,532.90 

$  68,552.61 

788 

$96.56 

1890 

139,634.77 

31,236.19 

108,398.58 

1825 

76.51 

1891 

154,992.87 

42,156.16 

112,836.71 

2276 

68.10 

1892 

161,858.29 

51,162.67 

110,695.62 

2077 

77.93 

1893 

172,895.42 

50,499.74 

122,395.68 

2622 

65.94 

1894 

178,107.11 

52,012.28 

126,094.83 

3018 

59.01 

1895 

188,868.83 

61,168.82 

127,700.01 

3386 

55.78 

1896 

191,111.74 

61,635.68 

129,476.06 

3602 

53.06 

1897 

200,963.72 

64,391.71 

136,572.01 

°63° 

55.32 

1898 

198,643.78 

66,530.57 

132,113.21 

3815 

52.07 

1899 

214,113.63 

87,756:60 

126,357.03 

4074 

52.56 

1900 

228,870.18 

92,913.72 

135,956.46 

4702 

48.68 

1901 

229,018.42 

98,065.60 

130,952.82 

4363 

52.49 

1902 

245,335.31 

104,627.75 

140,707.56 

4164 

58.92 

1903 

249,770.77 

101,511.74 

148,259.03 

4166 

59.95 

1904 

269,327.25 

115,242.42 

154,084.83 

4531 

59.44 

1905 

273,547.21 

126,702.22 

146,844.99 

4224 

64.76 

1906 

271,400.52 

144,359.78 

127,040.74 

4550 

59.65 

1907 

299,182.64 

168,653.63 

130,529.01 

4859 

61.57 

1908 

318,177.84 

178,764.79 

139,413.05 

4912 

64.78 

1909 

338,218.09 

190,232.85 

147,985.24 

5085 

66.51 

1910 

358,514.81 

204,838.86 

153,675.95 

5267 

68.07 

1911 

361,155.54 

192,355.32 

168,800.22 

5199 

69.47 

Eight  and  a  half  months. 


SEPARATE  MONOGRAPHS  REPRINTED  FROM  THE  JOHNS 
HOPKINS  HOSPITAL  REPORTS. 

Studies  in  Dermatology.  By  T.  C.  Gilchrist,  M.  D.,  and  Emmet  Rixford, 
M.  D.     164  pages  and  41  plates.    Price,  in  paper,  $3.00. 

The  Malarial  Fevers  of  Baltimore.  By  W.  S.  Thayer,  M.  D.,  and  J.  Hewet- 
son,  M.  D.  And  A  Study  of  some  Fatal  Cases  of  Malaria.  By  Lewellys 
F.  Barker,  M.  B.     280  pages.    Price,  in  paper,  $2.75. 

The  Pathology  of  Toxalbumin  Intoxications.  By  Simon  Flexner,  M.  D. 
150  pages  with  4  lithographs.    Price,  in  paper,  $2.00. 

Studies  in  Typhoid  Fever,  I,  II,  III.  By  William  Osler,  M.  D.,  and  others. 
Extracted  from  Vols.  IV,  V  and  VIII  of  the  Reports.  757  pages. 
Price,  in  cloth,  $5.00. 

Pneumothorax.  A  Historical,  Clinical,  and  Experimental  Study.  By 
Charles  P.  Emerson,  M.  D.    Price,  in  paper,  $4.00. 

NEW  SERIES. 

I.  Free  Thrombi  and  Ball-Thrombi  in  the  Heart.     By  J.  H.  Hewitt,  M.  D. 
82  pages  and  20  illustrations.    Price,  in  paper,  $1.00. 

II.  Benzol  as  a  Leucotoxin.  By  Laurence  Selling,  M.  D.  60  pages  and 
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III.  Primary  Carcinoma  of  the  Liver.  By  M.  C.  Winternitz,  M.  D.  42 
pages.     Price,  in  paper,  75   cents. 

IV.  The  Statistical  Experience  Data  of  the  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital,  Balti- 
more, Md.,  1892-1911.  By  Frederick  L.  Hoffman,  LL.  D.,  F.  S.  S.  161 
pages.    Price,  in  paper,  $2.00. 

V.  The  Origin  and  Development  of  the  Lymphatic  System.  By  Florence  R. 
Sabin.    94  pages.    Price,  in  paper,  $2.00. 


DATE 

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unv 

-4J2rflflS 

OCT  9 '! 

hptf   N0> 

J      u     l//*» 

T>e  <~  o' 

2,    \4<tU 

.I-' 

- 

j 

Demco,  Inc.  38-293 


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